# gene_set_details

systematic_name: M13392
exact_source: GO:2000052
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000052
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of non-canonical Wnt-activated signaling pathway. [GOC:obol, GOC:yaf]


systematic_name: M25432
exact_source: GO:2000058
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000058
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M25433
exact_source: GO:2000059
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000059
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M25434
exact_source: GO:2000060
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000060
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M45285
exact_source: GO:2000064
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000064
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cortisol biosynthetic process. [GOC:obol, GOC:yaf]


systematic_name: M25435
exact_source: GO:2000074
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000074
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic B cell development. [GOC:obol, GOC:yaf]


systematic_name: M16663
exact_source: GO:2000095
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000095
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M25436
exact_source: GO:2000096
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000096
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M11691
exact_source: GO:2000104
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000104
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-dependent DNA replication. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M12156
exact_source: GO:2000105
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000105
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-templated DNA replication. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M10649
exact_source: GO:2000106
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000106
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte apoptotic process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M11979
exact_source: GO:2000107
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000107
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte apoptotic process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M10581
exact_source: GO:2000108
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000108
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte apoptotic process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M25437
exact_source: GO:2000109
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000109
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage apoptotic process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M43072
exact_source: GO:2000110
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000110
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage apoptotic process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M14849
exact_source: GO:2000116
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000116
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity. [GOC:obol, GOC:yaf]


systematic_name: M14008
exact_source: GO:2000117
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000117
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity. [GOC:obol, GOC:yaf]


systematic_name: M25439
exact_source: GO:2000118
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000118
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sodium-dependent phosphate transport. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M12130
exact_source: GO:2000121
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000121
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of removal of superoxide radicals. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25440
exact_source: GO:2000138
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000138
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis. [GOC:dph]


systematic_name: M13231
exact_source: GO:2000142
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000142
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-templated transcription initiation. [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH]


systematic_name: M25441
exact_source: GO:2000143
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000143
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-templated transcription initiation. [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH]


systematic_name: M10901
exact_source: GO:2000144
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000144
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-templated transcription initiation. [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH]


systematic_name: M25443
exact_source: GO:2000169
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000169
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M13001
exact_source: GO:2000171
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000171
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite development. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25444
exact_source: GO:2000172
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000172
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of branching morphogenesis of a nerve. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M16126
exact_source: GO:2000177
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000177
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neural precursor cell proliferation. [GOC:dph, GOC:yaf]


systematic_name: M15242
exact_source: GO:2000178
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000178
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neural precursor cell proliferation. [GOC:dph, GOC:yaf]


systematic_name: M13374
exact_source: GO:2000179
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000179
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neural precursor cell proliferation. [GOC:dph, GOC:yaf]


systematic_name: M25445
exact_source: GO:2000192
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000192
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid transport. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M43076
exact_source: GO:2000193
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000193
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid transport. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M46925
exact_source: GO:2000224
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000224
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of testosterone biosynthetic process. [GOC:obol, GOC:yaf]


systematic_name: M10204
exact_source: GO:2000242
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000242
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of reproductive process. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M10230
exact_source: GO:2000243
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000243
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of reproductive process. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25450
exact_source: GO:2000252
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000252
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of feeding behavior. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25451
exact_source: GO:2000253
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000253
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of feeding behavior. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M45286
exact_source: GO:2000269
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000269
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast apoptotic process. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:obol, GOC:yaf]


systematic_name: M25452
exact_source: GO:2000270
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000270
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast apoptotic process. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:obol, GOC:yaf]


systematic_name: M25453
exact_source: GO:2000271
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000271
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast apoptotic process. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:obol, GOC:yaf]


systematic_name: M25454
exact_source: GO:2000272
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000272
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling receptor activity. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25455
exact_source: GO:2000273
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000273
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling receptor activity. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M12557
exact_source: GO:2000279
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000279
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA biosynthetic process. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25456
exact_source: GO:2000288
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000288
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast proliferation. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M43078
exact_source: GO:2000301
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000301
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M48577
exact_source: GO:2000304
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000304
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ceramide biosynthetic process. [GOC:dph]


systematic_name: M25458
exact_source: GO:2000310
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000310
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of N-methyl-D-aspartate selective glutamate receptor activity. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M25459
exact_source: GO:2000311
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000311
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of AMPA selective glutamate receptor activity. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M25460
exact_source: GO:2000316
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000316
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 type immune response. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M29388
exact_source: GO:2000317
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000317
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 type immune response. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25461
exact_source: GO:2000318
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000318
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 type immune response. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M43079
exact_source: GO:2000319
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000319
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 cell differentiation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25463
exact_source: GO:2000321
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000321
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 cell differentiation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25464
exact_source: GO:2000322
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000322
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M25465
exact_source: GO:2000328
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000328
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 cell lineage commitment. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M48578
exact_source: GO:2000330
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000330
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 cell lineage commitment. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M43080
exact_source: GO:2000340
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000340
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 production. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M43081
exact_source: GO:2000342
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000342
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25467
exact_source: GO:2000343
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000343
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M29390
exact_source: GO:2000344
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000344
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the acrosome reaction. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M10116
exact_source: GO:2000345
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000345
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte proliferation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25468
exact_source: GO:2000347
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000347
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte proliferation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25469
exact_source: GO:2000348
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000348
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling via the CD40 signaling pathway. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M15824
exact_source: GO:2000352
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000352
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell apoptotic process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M15578
exact_source: GO:2000353
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000353
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell apoptotic process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M25470
exact_source: GO:2000354
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000354
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ovarian follicle development. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25471
exact_source: GO:2000359
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000359
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of binding of sperm to the zona pellucida. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25472
exact_source: GO:2000369
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000369
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25473
exact_source: GO:2000371
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000371
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M13446
exact_source: GO:2000377
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000377
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M10894
exact_source: GO:2000378
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000378
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M13580
exact_source: GO:2000379
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000379
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species metabolic process. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25477
exact_source: GO:2000394
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000394
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lamellipodium morphogenesis. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25478
exact_source: GO:2000402
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000402
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte migration. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M10993
exact_source: GO:2000403
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000403
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte migration. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25479
exact_source: GO:2000405
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000405
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell migration. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25480
exact_source: GO:2000406
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000406
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell migration. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M43083
exact_source: GO:2000427
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000427
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic cell clearance. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M40588
exact_source: GO:2000436
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000436
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein neddylation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M46926
exact_source: GO:2000439
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000439
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte extravasation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M13561
exact_source: GO:2000463
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000463
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that enhances the establishment or increases the extent of the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) which is a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential. [GOC:bf, GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M25484
exact_source: GO:2000465
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000465
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glycogen (starch) synthase activity. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M16326
exact_source: GO:2000479
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000479
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25486
exact_source: GO:2000480
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000480
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M43085
exact_source: GO:2000489
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000489
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell activation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M45287
exact_source: GO:2000491
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000491
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell activation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25489
exact_source: GO:2000501
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000501
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell chemotaxis. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M25490
exact_source: GO:2000503
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000503
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell chemotaxis. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M25491
exact_source: GO:2000504
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000504
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of blood vessel remodeling. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M13744
exact_source: GO:2000514
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000514
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M15747
exact_source: GO:2000515
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000515
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M13316
exact_source: GO:2000516
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000516
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25493
exact_source: GO:2000535
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000535
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of entry of bacterium into host cell. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25497
exact_source: GO:2000553
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000553
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25499
exact_source: GO:2000562
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000562
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M29394
exact_source: GO:2000563
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000563
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M10447
exact_source: GO:2000573
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000573
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA biosynthetic process. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M45289
exact_source: GO:2000583
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000583
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha signaling pathway. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25502
exact_source: GO:2000586
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000586
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathway. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25503
exact_source: GO:2000601
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000601
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation. [PMID:21454476]


systematic_name: M46927
exact_source: GO:2000611
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000611
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of thyroid hormone generation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M43086
exact_source: GO:2000622
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000622
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M43087
exact_source: GO:2000623
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000623
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M45290
exact_source: GO:2000629
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000629
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of miRNA metabolic process. [GOC:dph]


systematic_name: M29396
exact_source: GO:2000630
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000630
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of miRNA metabolic process. [GOC:dph]


systematic_name: M46928
exact_source: GO:2000631
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000631
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pre-microRNA processing. [GOC:dph, GOC:sl]


systematic_name: M46929
exact_source: GO:2000634
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000634
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of primary microRNA processing. [GOC:dph, GOC:sl]


systematic_name: M13065
exact_source: GO:2000641
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000641
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of early endosome to late endosome transport. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M25508
exact_source: GO:2000643
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000643
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of early endosome to late endosome transport. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M25510
exact_source: GO:2000646
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000646
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of receptor catabolic process. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M12131
exact_source: GO:2000647
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000647
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell proliferation. [GOC:dph]


systematic_name: M15864
exact_source: GO:2000648
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000648
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell proliferation. [GOC:dph]


systematic_name: M46930
exact_source: GO:2000649
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000649
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M16914
exact_source: GO:2000651
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000651
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25511
exact_source: GO:2000659
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000659
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25512
exact_source: GO:2000660
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000660
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25515
exact_source: GO:2000669
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000669
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell apoptotic process. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25516
exact_source: GO:2000671
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000671
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron apoptotic process. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M45291
exact_source: GO:2000672
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000672
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron apoptotic process. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25517
exact_source: GO:2000675
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000675
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M16209
exact_source: GO:2000677
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000677
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription regulatory region DNA binding. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M10225
exact_source: GO:2000678
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000678
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription regulatory region DNA binding. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M14659
exact_source: GO:2000679
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000679
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription regulatory region DNA binding. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M11540
exact_source: GO:2000696
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000696
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10, GOC:yaf]


systematic_name: M25519
exact_source: GO:2000698
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000698
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10, GOC:yaf]


systematic_name: M11452
exact_source: GO:2000725
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000725
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell differentiation. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M40591
exact_source: GO:2000726
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000726
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell differentiation. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M16753
exact_source: GO:2000727
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000727
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell differentiation. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M10848
exact_source: GO:2000737
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000737
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell differentiation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M13189
exact_source: GO:2000738
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000738
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell differentiation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25523
exact_source: GO:2000739
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000739
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M48579
exact_source: GO:2000752
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000752
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucosylceramide catabolic process. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M25526
exact_source: GO:2000758
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000758
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-lysine acetylation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25527
exact_source: GO:2000766
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000766
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25528
exact_source: GO:2000767
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000767
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M14545
exact_source: GO:2000773
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000773
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular senescence. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M45293
exact_source: GO:2000774
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000774
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular senescence. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M25529
exact_source: GO:2000781
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000781
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of double-strand break repair. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M46931
exact_source: GO:2000785
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000785
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of autophagosome assembly. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M46932
exact_source: GO:2000786
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000786
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of autophagic vacuole assembly. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M25531
exact_source: GO:2000794
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000794
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis. [PMID:21513708]


systematic_name: M25532
exact_source: GO:2000807
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000807
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle clustering. [PMID:21513708]


systematic_name: M29398
exact_source: GO:2000812
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000812
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of barbed-end actin filament capping. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M25534
exact_source: GO:2000818
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000818
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast proliferation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M45294
exact_source: GO:2000819
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000819
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nucleotide-excision repair. [GOC:jp, PMID:18836076]


systematic_name: M25535
exact_source: GO:2000833
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000833
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of steroid hormone secretion. [GOC:sl]


systematic_name: M45296
exact_source: GO:2000846
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000846
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of corticosteroid hormone secretion. [GOC:sl]


systematic_name: M25536
exact_source: GO:2000848
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000848
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of corticosteroid hormone secretion. [GOC:sl]


systematic_name: M29400
exact_source: GO:2000977
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000977
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of forebrain neuron differentiation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M10643
exact_source: GO:2001014
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001014
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell differentiation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25539
exact_source: GO:2001015
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001015
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell differentiation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25540
exact_source: GO:2001016
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001016
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell differentiation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25544
exact_source: GO:2001027
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001027
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell chemotaxis. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M10481
exact_source: GO:2001028
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001028
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell chemotaxis. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M25545
exact_source: GO:2001032
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001032
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25546
exact_source: GO:2001033
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001033
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25547
exact_source: GO:2001034
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001034
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25551
exact_source: GO:2001044
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001044
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of integrin-mediated signaling pathway. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25552
exact_source: GO:2001046
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001046
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of integrin-mediated signaling pathway. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25553
exact_source: GO:2001054
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001054
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25554
exact_source: GO:2001056
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001056
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25556
exact_source: GO:2001137
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001137
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endocytic recycling. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M48580
exact_source: GO:2001171
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001171
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ATP biosynthetic process. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25563
exact_source: GO:2001185
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001185
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25564
exact_source: GO:2001186
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001186
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25565
exact_source: GO:2001187
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001187
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25566
exact_source: GO:2001188
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001188
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M10677
exact_source: GO:2001198
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001198
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell differentiation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25567
exact_source: GO:2001199
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001199
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell differentiation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M43094
exact_source: GO:2001200
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001200
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell differentiation. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25569
exact_source: GO:2001205
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001205
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast development. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M25572
exact_source: GO:2001223
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001223
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron migration. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M14792
exact_source: GO:2001224
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001224
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron migration. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M16933
exact_source: GO:2001233
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001233
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M14668
exact_source: GO:2001234
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001234
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M16706
exact_source: GO:2001235
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001235
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M13195
exact_source: GO:2001236
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001236
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M12140
exact_source: GO:2001237
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001237
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M15721
exact_source: GO:2001238
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001238
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M13197
exact_source: GO:2001239
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001239
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M13029
exact_source: GO:2001241
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001241
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M16230
exact_source: GO:2001242
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001242
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M12485
exact_source: GO:2001243
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001243
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M15321
exact_source: GO:2001244
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001244
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M25574
exact_source: GO:2001245
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001245
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M13802
exact_source: GO:2001251
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001251
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome organization. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M14831
exact_source: GO:2001252
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001252
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome organization. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M12421
exact_source: GO:2001258
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001258
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cation channel activity. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M10559
exact_source: GO:2001259
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001259
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cation channel activity. [GOC:BHF]


systematic_name: M14055
exact_source: GO:2001267
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001267
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M25576
exact_source: GO:2001268
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001268
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M14375
exact_source: GO:2001269
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001269
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M25577
exact_source: GO:2001270
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001270
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in execution phase of apoptosis. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]


systematic_name: M25578
exact_source: GO:2001279
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001279
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of unsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process. [GO:0006636]


systematic_name: M25579
exact_source: GO:2001280
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001280
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of unsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process. [GO:0006636]


systematic_name: M25580
exact_source: GO:2001286
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001286
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of caveolin-mediated endocytosis. [GOC:obol]


systematic_name: M43095
exact_source: GO:2001293
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001293
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The chemical reactions and pathways involving malonyl-CoA, the S-malonyl derivative of coenzyme A. [GOC:yaf, PMID:11902724, PMID:15726818, PMID:18981598]


systematic_name: M29402
exact_source: GO:2001300
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2001300
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The chemical reactions and pathways involving a lipoxin. A lipoxin is a non-classic eicosanoid and signaling molecule that has four conjugated double bonds and is derived from arachidonic acid. [GOC:mw]


systematic_name: M45297
exact_source: GO:0000120
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000120
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A transcription factor complex that acts at a regulatory region of a gene transcribed by RNA polymerase I. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M17050
exact_source: GO:0000124
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000124
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A SAGA-type histone acetyltransferase complex that deubiquitinates H2A and/or H2B. This complex is organized into several functional submodules: a structural core including the activator binding module and consisting of ADA1 or a homolog, members of the SPT and TAF protein families as well as promotor recruitment factor TRRAP/TRA1, a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) module consisting of GCN5/KAT2A or PCAF/KAT2B, ADA2, ADA3/NGG1, and SGF29 or homologues thereof, a histone deubiquitinase (DUB) module consisting of ATXN7/SGF73, ATXN7L3/SGF11, ENY2/SUS1 and USP22/UBP8 or homologues thereof, and in some taxa a splicing module consisting of SF3B3 and SF3B5 or homologues thereof (not in fungi). In budding yeast also contains Spt8 which distinguishes it from SAGA-like (SLIK) complex (GO:0046695). [PMID:10637607, PMID:17337012, PMID:19056896, PMID:20838651, PMID:33004486]


systematic_name: M25584
exact_source: GO:0000127
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000127
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A heterotrimeric transcription factor complex that is involved in regulating transcription from RNA polymerase III (Pol III) promoters. TFIIIC contains three conserved subunits that associate with the proximal Pol III promoter element, and additional subunits that associate with sequence elements downstream of the promoter and are more diverged among species. It also functions as a boundary element to partition genome content into distinct domains outside Pol III promoter regions. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:11433012, PMID:16751097]


systematic_name: M25585
exact_source: GO:0000137
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000137
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The Golgi cisterna closest to the endoplasmic reticulum; the first processing compartment through which proteins pass after export from the ER. [ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M25586
exact_source: GO:0000138
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000138
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The Golgi cisterna farthest from the endoplasmic reticulum; the final processing compartment through which proteins pass before exiting the Golgi apparatus; the compartment in which N-linked protein glycosylation is completed. [ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M17570
exact_source: GO:0000145
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000145
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex peripherally associated with the plasma membrane that determines where vesicles dock and fuse. At least eight complex components are conserved between yeast and mammals. [GOC:cilia, PMID:15292201, PMID:27243008, PMID:9700152]


systematic_name: M18504
exact_source: GO:0000151
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000151
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that includes a ubiquitin-protein ligase and enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity. The complex also contains other proteins that may confer substrate specificity on the complex. [GOC:jh2, PMID:9529603]


systematic_name: M17783
exact_source: GO:0000159
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000159
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that has protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity that is polycation-stimulated (PCS), being directly stimulated by protamine, polylysine, or histone H1; it constitutes a subclass of several enzymes activated by different histones and polylysine, and consists of catalytic, scaffolding, and regulatory subunits. The catalytic and scaffolding subunits form the core enzyme, and the holoenzyme also includes the regulatory subunit. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:17245430]


systematic_name: M17249
exact_source: GO:0000164
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000164
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that possesses magnesium-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase (AMD phosphatase) activity, and consists of a catalytic subunit and one or more regulatory subunits that dictates the phosphatase's substrate specificity, function, and activity. [GOC:mah, GOC:ssd]


systematic_name: M25587
exact_source: GO:0000172
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000172
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains an RNA molecule of the snoRNA family, and cleaves the rRNA precursor as part of rRNA transcript processing. It also has other roles: In S. cerevisiae it is involved in cell cycle-regulated degradation of daughter cell-specific mRNAs, while in mammalian cells it also enters the mitochondria and processes RNAs to create RNA primers for DNA replication. [GOC:sgd_curators, PMID:10690410, PMID:14729943, PMID:7510714]


systematic_name: M16997
exact_source: GO:0000176
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000176
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ribonuclease complex that has 3-prime to 5-prime processive and distributive hydrolytic exoribonuclease activity and endoribonuclease activity, producing 5-prime-phosphomonoesters. Participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events preventing nuclear export and/or translation of aberrant RNAs. Restricted to processing linear and circular single-stranded RNAs (ssRNA) only. RNAs with complex secondary structures may have to be unwound or pre-processed by co-factors prior to entering the complex, esp if the 3-prime end is structured. [PMID:17174896, PMID:20531386, PMID:26726035]


systematic_name: M17171
exact_source: GO:0000177
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000177
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ribonuclease complex that has 3-prime to 5-prime processive hydrolytic exoribonuclease activity producing 5-prime-phosphomonoesters. Participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events preventing nuclear export and/or translation of aberrant RNAs. Restricted to processing linear and circular single-stranded RNAs (ssRNA) only. RNAs with complex secondary structures may have to be unwound or pre-processed by co-factors prior to entering the complex, esp if the 3-prime end is structured. [PMID:17174896, PMID:20531386, PMID:26726035]


systematic_name: M43096
exact_source: GO:0000220
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000220
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The V0 domain of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase found in the vacuolar membrane. [GOC:mah, PMID:16449553]


systematic_name: M18650
exact_source: GO:0000228
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000228
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A chromosome that encodes the nuclear genome and is found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell during the cell cycle phases when the nucleus is intact. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M17701
exact_source: GO:0000242
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000242
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A network of small fibers that surrounds the centrioles in cells; contains the microtubule nucleating activity of the centrosome. [GOC:clt, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M25588
exact_source: GO:0000243
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000243
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A spliceosomal complex that is formed by association of the U1 snRNP with the 5' splice site of an unspliced intron in an RNA transcript. [GOC:krc, ISBN:0879695897, PMID:9150140]


systematic_name: M40594
exact_source: GO:0000276
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000276
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  All non-F1 subunits of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral mitochondrial inner membrane proteins. [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10838056]


systematic_name: M17847
exact_source: GO:0000307
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000307
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs) are enzyme complexes that contain a kinase catalytic subunit associated with a regulatory cyclin partner. [GOC:krc, PMID:11602261]


systematic_name: M17018
exact_source: GO:0000346
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000346
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The transcription export (TREX) complex couples transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II to mRNA export. The complex associates with the polymerase and travels with it along the length of the transcribed gene. TREX is composed of the THO transcription elongation complex as well as other proteins that couple THO to mRNA export proteins. The TREX complex is known to be found in a wide range of eukaryotes, including S. cerevisiae and metazoans. [GOC:krc, PMID:11979277]


systematic_name: M25590
exact_source: GO:0000347
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000347
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The THO complex is a nuclear complex that is required for transcription elongation through genes containing tandemly repeated DNA sequences. The THO complex is also part of the TREX (TRanscription EXport) complex that is involved in coupling transcription to export of mRNAs to the cytoplasm. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of four subunits: Hpr1p, Tho2p, Thp1p, and Mft1p, while the human complex is composed of 7 subunits. [GOC:krc, PMID:11060033, PMID:11979277, PMID:16983072]


systematic_name: M25591
exact_source: GO:0000407
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000407
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Punctate structures proximal to the endoplasmic reticulum which are the sites where the Atg machinery assembles upon autophagy induction. [GOC:elh, PMID:11689437, PMID:12048214, PMID:12554655]


systematic_name: M25592
exact_source: GO:0000408
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000408
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex involved in t6A tRNA modification. For example, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae the complex contains Bud32p, Kae1p, Gon7p, Cgi121p, and Pcc1p. [GOC:elh, GOC:vw, PMID:16564010, PMID:16874308, PMID:21183954, PMID:23945934]


systematic_name: M17575
exact_source: GO:0000421
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000421
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The lipid bilayer surrounding an autophagosome, a double-membrane-bounded vesicle in which endogenous cellular material is sequestered. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:isa_complete]


systematic_name: M7095
exact_source: GO:0000502
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000502
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A large multisubunit complex which catalyzes protein degradation, found in eukaryotes, archaea and some bacteria. In eukaryotes, this complex consists of the barrel shaped proteasome core complex and one or two associated proteins or complexes that act in regulating entry into or exit from the core. [GOC:rb, Wikipedia:Proteasome]


systematic_name: M25594
exact_source: GO:0000506
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000506
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An enzyme complex that catalyzes the transfer of GlcNAc from UDP-GlcNAc to an acceptor phosphatidylinositol, the first step in the production of GPI anchors for cell surface proteins. The complex contains PIG-A, PIG-C, PIG-H, PIG-Q, PIG-P, and DPM2 in human, and Eri1p, Gpi1p, Gpi2p, Gpi15p, Gpi19p, and Spt14p in budding yeast. [GOC:kp, GOC:rb, PMID:10944123, PMID:15163411]


systematic_name: M4721
exact_source: GO:0000775
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000775
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The region of a chromosome that includes the centromeric DNA and associated proteins. In monocentric chromosomes, this region corresponds to a single area of the chromosome, whereas in holocentric chromosomes, it is evenly distributed along the chromosome. [GOC:cjm, GOC:elh, GOC:kmv, GOC:pr]


systematic_name: M17499
exact_source: GO:0000779
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000779
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The region of a condensed chromosome that includes the centromere and associated proteins, including the kinetochore. In monocentric chromosomes, this region corresponds to a single area of the chromosome, whereas in holocentric chromosomes, it is evenly distributed along the chromosome. [GOC:elh, GOC:kmv]


systematic_name: M17650
exact_source: GO:0000781
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000781
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The end of a linear chromosome, required for the integrity and maintenance of the end. A chromosome telomere usually includes a region of telomerase-encoded repeats the length of which rarely exceeds 20 bp each and that permits the formation of a telomeric loop (T-loop). The telomeric repeat region is usually preceded by a sub-telomeric region that is gene-poor but rich in repetitive elements. Some telomeres only consist of the latter part (for eg. D. melanogaster telomeres). [GOC:elh]


systematic_name: M45298
exact_source: GO:0000786
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000786
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures. [GOC:elh]


systematic_name: M17611
exact_source: GO:0000791
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000791
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A dispersed and relatively uncompacted form of chromatin that is in a transcription-competent conformation. [PMID:32017156]


systematic_name: M17538
exact_source: GO:0000792
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000792
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A compact and highly condensed form of chromatin that is refractory to transcription. [PMID:32017156]


systematic_name: M451
exact_source: GO:0000793
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000793
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A highly compacted molecule of DNA and associated proteins resulting in a cytologically distinct structure. [GOC:elh]


systematic_name: M18735
exact_source: GO:0000794
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000794
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A highly compacted molecule of DNA and associated proteins resulting in a cytologically distinct nuclear chromosome. [GOC:elh]


systematic_name: M25596
exact_source: GO:0000796
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000796
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multisubunit protein complex that plays a central role in chromosome condensation in meiosis and mitosis. [GOC:elh, PMID:17268547, PMID:21795393]


systematic_name: M25598
exact_source: GO:0000805
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000805
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The sex chromosome present in both sexes of species in which the male is the heterogametic sex. Two copies of the X chromosome are present in each somatic cell of females and one copy is present in males. [GOC:mah, GOC:mr, ISBN:0582227089, PMID:20622855, Wikipedia:XY_sex-determination_system]


systematic_name: M46933
exact_source: GO:0000811
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000811
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A heterotetrameric protein complex that associates with replication origins, where it is required for the initiation of DNA replication, and with replication forks. [GOC:rb, GOC:rn, PMID:12730134, PMID:16990792, PMID:17467990]


systematic_name: M25600
exact_source: GO:0000812
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000812
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multisubunit protein complex that is involved in chromatin remodeling. It is required for the incorporation of the histone variant H2AZ into chromatin. In S. cerevisiae, the complex contains Swr1p, a Swi2/Snf2-related ATPase, and 12 additional subunits. [GOC:rb, PMID:14645854, PMID:14690608, PMID:19355820]


systematic_name: M25601
exact_source: GO:0000813
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000813
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An endosomal sorting complex required for transport. It consists of the class E vacuolar protein sorting (Vps) proteins and interacts with ubiquitinated cargoes. [GOC:rb, PMID:12892785, PMID:12900393]


systematic_name: M4499
exact_source: GO:0000922
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000922
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Either of the ends of a spindle, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules. [GOC:clt]


systematic_name: M25603
exact_source: GO:0000923
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000923
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A microtubule organizing center formed by a band of gamma-tubulin that is recruited to a circumferential band of F-actin at the midpoint of a cell and which nucleates microtubules from the cell division site at the end of mitosis. [PMID:11792817]


systematic_name: M17566
exact_source: GO:0000930
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000930
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multiprotein complex composed of gamma-tubulin and other non-tubulin proteins. Gamma-tubulin complexes are localized to microtubule organizing centers, and play an important role in the nucleation of microtubules. The number and complexity of non-tubulin proteins associated with these complexes varies between species. [GOC:clt, PMID:12134075]


systematic_name: M25604
exact_source: GO:0000931
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000931
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex of gamma tubulin and associated proteins thought to be formed by multimerization of gamma-tubulin small complexes. An example of this structure is found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:12134075, PMID:17021256]


systematic_name: M25605
exact_source: GO:0000932
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000932
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A focus in the cytoplasm where mRNAs may become inactivated by decapping or some other mechanism. Protein and RNA localized to these foci are involved in mRNA degradation, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), translational repression, and RNA-mediated gene silencing. [GOC:clt, PMID:12730603]


systematic_name: M48581
exact_source: GO:0000938
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000938
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A quatrefoil tethering complex required for retrograde traffic from the early endosome back to the late Golgi and biogenesis of cytoplasmic vesicles. [GOC:clt, GOC:rn, PMID:10637310, PMID:12077354, PMID:12446664]


systematic_name: M45299
exact_source: GO:0000939
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000939
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The region of a kinetochore closest to centromeric DNA which contains many CENP proteins organized in various subcomplexes including CENP-C, CENP-LN, CENP-HIKM, CENP-OPQUR and CENP-TWSX, but excluding the CENP-A containing heterochromatin. [GOC:clt, PMID:10619130, PMID:11483983, PMID:32516549]


systematic_name: M17516
exact_source: GO:0000940
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000940
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The region of a kinetochore most external to centromeric DNA; this outer region mediates kinetochore-microtubule interactions. [GOC:clt, PMID:11483983]


systematic_name: M17498
exact_source: GO:0000974
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0000974
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex consisting of Prp19 and associated proteins that is involved in the transition from the precatalytic spliceosome to the activated form that catalyzes step 1 of splicing, and which remains associated with the spliceosome through the second catalytic step. It is widely conserved, found in both yeast and mammals, though the exact composition varies. In S. cerevisiae, it contains Prp19p, Ntc20p, Snt309p, Isy1p, Syf2p, Cwc2p, Prp46p, Clf1p, Cef1p, and Syf1p. [GOC:krc, PMID:16540691, PMID:19239890]


systematic_name: M25608
exact_source: GO:0001405
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001405
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Protein complex located on the matrix side of the mitochondrial inner membrane and associated with the TIM23 mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase complex (GO:0005744); ATPase motor activity to drive import of proteins into the mitochondrial matrix. [GOC:mcc, GOC:vw, PMID:14517234, PMID:14638855]


systematic_name: M17379
exact_source: GO:0001518
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001518
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A sodium channel in a cell membrane whose opening is governed by the membrane potential. [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M25609
exact_source: GO:0001520
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001520
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A supramolecular fiber found in the flagella of mammalian sperm that surrounds the nine microtubule doublets. These dense fibers are stiff and noncontractile. In human, they consist of about 10 major and at least 15 minor proteins, where all major proteins are ODF1, ODF2 or ODF2-related proteins. [GOC:cilia, GOC:krc, ISBN:0824072820, PMID:10381817, PMID:21586547, PMID:25361759]


systematic_name: M25610
exact_source: GO:0001527
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001527
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Extracellular matrix components occurring independently or along with elastin. Thought to have force-bearing functions in tendon. In addition to fibrillins, microfibrils may contain other associated proteins. [PMID:27026396]


systematic_name: M17690
exact_source: GO:0001533
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001533
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A type of plasma membrane that has been modified through addition of distinct intracellular and extracellular components, including ceramide, found in cornifying epithelial cells (corneocytes). [GOC:add, PMID:11112355, PMID:11590230, PMID:15803139]


systematic_name: M46934
exact_source: GO:0001534
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001534
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Protein complex that links the outer microtubule doublet of a 9+2 type ciliary or flagellar axoneme with the sheath that surrounds the central pair of microtubules. Composed of a stalk that attaches to each doublet microtubule and a globular structure (spoke head) that projects toward the central pair of microtubules. [GOC:krc, ISBN:0124325653, PMID:22118931, PMID:25694453, PMID:34871179, PMID:9450971]


systematic_name: M48582
exact_source: GO:0001535
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001535
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Protein complex forming portion of the radial spoke that is orthogonal to the elongated stalk and which projects towards the central pair of microtubules within the ciliary or flagellum axoneme. [GOC:cilia, GOC:hjd, GOC:krc, PMID:22754630, PMID:34871179]


systematic_name: M25612
exact_source: GO:0001650
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001650
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A structure found most metazoan nucleoli, but not usually found in lower eukaryotes; surrounded by the dense fibrillar component; the zone of transcription from multiple copies of the pre-rRNA genes is in the border region between these two structures. [PMID:10754561]


systematic_name: M25613
exact_source: GO:0001652
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001652
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A structure found in the nucleolus, which contains nearly completed preribosomal particles destined for the cytoplasm. [PMID:10754561]


systematic_name: M17623
exact_source: GO:0001669
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001669
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A structure in the head of a spermatozoon that contains acid hydrolases, and is concerned with the breakdown of the outer membrane of the ovum during fertilization. It lies just beneath the plasma membrane and is derived from the lysosome. [ISBN:0124325653, ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M11447
exact_source: GO:0001726
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001726
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork. [ISBN:0124325653]


systematic_name: M29406
exact_source: GO:0001740
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001740
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A structure found in a female mammalian cell containing an unpaired X chromosome that has become densely heterochromatic, silenced and localized at the nuclear periphery. [GOC:hjd, GOC:mr, NIF_Subcellular:sao1571698684]


systematic_name: M17457
exact_source: GO:0001741
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001741
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A structure found in a male mammalian spermatocyte containing an unpaired X chromosome that has become densely heterochromatic, silenced and localized at the nuclear periphery. [GOC:hjd, GOC:mr, PMID:20622855, Wikipedia:XY_sex-determination_system]


systematic_name: M17796
exact_source: GO:0001750
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001750
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The outer segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor that contains a stack of membrane discs embedded with photoreceptor proteins. [GOC:cilia, GOC:krc, GOC:pde, ISBN:0824072820, PMID:19501669, PMID:26574505, PMID:6771304]


systematic_name: M17012
exact_source: GO:0001772
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001772
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An area of close contact between a lymphocyte (T-, B-, or natural killer cell) and a target cell formed through the clustering of particular signaling and adhesion molecules and their associated membrane rafts on both the lymphocyte and the target cell and facilitating activation of the lymphocyte, transfer of membrane from the target cell to the lymphocyte, and in some situations killing of the target cell through release of secretory granules and/or death-pathway ligand-receptor interaction. [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:11244041, PMID:11376300]


systematic_name: M17344
exact_source: GO:0001891
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001891
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An invagination of the cell membrane formed by an actin dependent process during phagocytosis. Following internalization it is converted into a phagosome. [PMID:10358769]


systematic_name: M17610
exact_source: GO:0001917
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001917
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The inner segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor containing mitochondria, ribosomes and membranes where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment discs. [GOC:add, PMID:12019563]


systematic_name: M25617
exact_source: GO:0001940
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0001940
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The pronucleus originating from the spermatozoa that was involved in fertilization. [GOC:hjd, ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M25618
exact_source: GO:0002079
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002079
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The acrosomal membrane region that underlies the acrosomal vesicle and is located toward the sperm nucleus. This region is responsible for molecular interactions allowing the sperm to penetrate the zona pellucida and fuses with the egg plasma membrane. [GOC:dph, PMID:3899643, PMID:8936405]


systematic_name: M17075
exact_source: GO:0002080
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002080
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The membrane that surrounds the acrosomal lumen. The acrosome is a special type of lysosome in the head of a spermatozoon that contains acid hydrolases and is concerned with the breakdown of the outer membrane of the ovum during fertilization. [GOC:dph]


systematic_name: M17573
exact_source: GO:0002102
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002102
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An actin-rich adhesion structure characterized by formation upon cell substrate contact and localization at the substrate-attached part of the cell, contain an F-actin-rich core surrounded by a ring structure containing proteins such as vinculin and talin, and have a diameter of 0.5 mm. [PMID:12837608, PMID:15890982]


systematic_name: M17529
exact_source: GO:0002116
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002116
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A stable binary complex of a semaphorin and a plexin, together forming a functional semaphorin receptor. [GOC:hjd, PMID:10934324, PMID:12367632, PMID:12613544]


systematic_name: M25619
exact_source: GO:0002139
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002139
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A structure involved in coupling stereocilia to one another in sensory hair cells There are four morphologically distinct types: tip links, horizontal top connectors, shaft connectors and ankle links. Tip links and horizontal top connectors are the only inter-stereocilia links associated with mature cochlea, whereas ankle links appear during development of the auditory hair bundle. [PMID:16775142]


systematic_name: M48583
exact_source: GO:0002142
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002142
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex of proteins that connect growing stereocilia in developing cochlear hair cells, composed of Vlgr1, usherin, vezatin, and whirlin. [PMID:16775142]


systematic_name: M25620
exact_source: GO:0002177
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002177
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A tubular array of microtubules that extends from the perinuclear ring surrounding the spermatid nucleus to the flagellar axoneme. The manchette may also contain F-actin filaments. [GOC:krc, PMID:15018141, PMID:22319670, PMID:24440897, PMID:26792866]


systematic_name: M25623
exact_source: GO:0002199
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0002199
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multisubunit complex comprising the chaperonin-containing T-complex and several other components involved in mediating sperm-oocyte Interaction. [GOC:hjd, PMID:21880732]


systematic_name: M25624
exact_source: GO:0005577
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005577
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A highly soluble, elongated protein complex found in blood plasma and involved in clot formation. It is converted into fibrin monomer by the action of thrombin. In the mouse, fibrinogen is a hexamer, 46 nm long and 9 nm maximal diameter, containing two sets of nonidentical chains (alpha, beta, and gamma) linked together by disulfide bonds. [ISBN:0198547684]


systematic_name: M25625
exact_source: GO:0005579
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005579
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex produced by sequentially activated components of the complement cascade inserted into a target cell membrane and forming a pore leading to cell lysis via ion and water flow. [GOC:add, ISBN:0198547684, ISBN:068340007X, ISBN:0781735149]


systematic_name: M10742
exact_source: GO:0005581
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005581
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex consisting of three collagen chains assembled into a left-handed triple helix. These trimers typically assemble into higher order structures. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, ISBN:0721639976, PMID:19693541, PMID:21421911]


systematic_name: M25627
exact_source: GO:0005587
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005587
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A collagen heterotrimer containing type IV alpha chains; [alpha1(IV)]2alpha2(IV) trimers are commonly observed, although more type IV alpha chains exist and may be present in type IV trimers; type IV collagen triple helices associate to form 3 dimensional nets within basement membranes. [ISBN:0721639976, PMID:19693541, PMID:21421911]


systematic_name: M25628
exact_source: GO:0005593
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005593
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A collagen trimer that associates with collagen fibrils and consists of collagen monomers that contain two or more relatively short triple-helical domains connected by non-triple-helical sequences. [ISBN:0198599587, PMID:21421911]


systematic_name: M15249
exact_source: GO:0005604
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005604
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A collagen-containing extracellular matrix consisting of a thin layer of dense material found in various animal tissues interposed between the cells and the adjacent connective tissue. It consists of the basal lamina plus an associated layer of reticulin fibers. [ISBN:0198547684, PMID:22505934]


systematic_name: M17473
exact_source: GO:0005614
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005614
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A type of extracellular matrix found in interstitial connective tissue, characterized by the presence of fibronectins, proteoglycans, and types I, III, V, VI, VII and XII collagens. [PMID:8450001]


systematic_name: M16993
exact_source: GO:0005635
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005635
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space). [ISBN:0198547684]


systematic_name: M43098
exact_source: GO:0005638
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005638
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any of a group of intermediate-filament proteins that form the fibrous matrix on the inner surface of the nuclear envelope. They are classified as lamins A, B and C. [ISBN:0198547684]


systematic_name: M17036
exact_source: GO:0005640
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005640
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the nuclear envelope; continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell and sometimes studded with ribosomes. [ISBN:0198547684]


systematic_name: M25630
exact_source: GO:0005642
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005642
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Stacks of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes containing a high density of nuclear pores, thought to form from excess nuclear membrane components, that have been described in a number of different cells. Annulate lamellar membranes are continuous with and embedded within the ER. [PMID:12631728]


systematic_name: M17706
exact_source: GO:0005643
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005643
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex providing a discrete opening in the nuclear envelope of a eukaryotic cell, where the inner and outer nuclear membranes are joined. [ISBN:0198547684]


systematic_name: M25631
exact_source: GO:0005652
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005652
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The fibrous, electron-dense layer lying on the nucleoplasmic side of the inner membrane of a cell nucleus, composed of lamin filaments. The polypeptides of the lamina are thought to be concerned in the dissolution of the nuclear envelope and its re-formation during mitosis. The lamina is composed of lamin A and lamin C filaments cross-linked into an orthogonal lattice, which is attached via lamin B to the inner nuclear membrane through interactions with a lamin B receptor, an IFAP, in the membrane. [ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0716731363]


systematic_name: M25632
exact_source: GO:0005655
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005655
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ribonuclease P complex located in the nucleolus of a eukaryotic cell, where it catalyzes the 5' endonucleolytic cleavage of precursor tRNAs to yield mature tRNAs. Eukaryotic nucleolar ribonuclease P complexes generally contain a single RNA molecule that is necessary but not sufficient for catalysis, and several protein molecules. [GOC:mah, PMID:12045094]


systematic_name: M8237
exact_source: GO:0005657
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005657
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The Y-shaped region of a replicating DNA molecule, resulting from the separation of the DNA strands and in which the synthesis of new strands takes place. Also includes associated protein complexes. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684]


systematic_name: M25633
exact_source: GO:0005658
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005658
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex of four polypeptides, comprising large and small DNA polymerase alpha subunits and two primase subunits, which are capable of catalyzing the synthesis of an RNA primer on the lagging strand of replicating DNA and the subsequent synthesis of a smal stretch of DNA. The smaller of the two primase subunits alone can catalyze oligoribonucleotide synthesis. [GOC:mah, PMID:11395402, PMID:26975377]


systematic_name: M48584
exact_source: GO:0005662
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005662
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A conserved heterotrimeric complex that binds nonspecifically to single-stranded DNA and is required for multiple processes in eukaryotic DNA metabolism, including DNA replication, DNA repair, and recombination. In all eukaryotic organisms examined the complex is composed of subunits of approximately 70, 30, and 14 kDa. [PMID:9242902]


systematic_name: M25634
exact_source: GO:0005663
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005663
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex that loads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA, thereby permitting processive DNA synthesis catalyzed by DNA polymerase. In eukaryotes the complex consists of five polypeptides. [PMID:14614842, PMID:14646196, PMID:16172520]


systematic_name: M18167
exact_source: GO:0005665
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005665
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  RNA polymerase II, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces mRNAs, snoRNAs, and some of the snRNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The largest subunit of RNA polymerase II contains an essential carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) composed of a variable number of heptapeptide repeats (YSPTSPS). The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerases I and III. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template. [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu]


systematic_name: M25636
exact_source: GO:0005666
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005666
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  RNA polymerase III, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces 5S rRNA, tRNAs and some of the small nuclear RNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerase I and others of which are also found in RNA polymerases I and II. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template. [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu]


systematic_name: M17313
exact_source: GO:0005667
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005667
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that is capable of associating with DNA by direct binding, or via other DNA-binding proteins or complexes, and regulating transcription. [GOC:jl]


systematic_name: M45301
exact_source: GO:0005668
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005668
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A RNA polymerase I-specific transcription factor complex that contains the TATA-box-binding protein (TBP) and at least three TBP-associated factors including proteins known in mammals as TAFI110, TAFI63 and TAFI48. [PMID:15691654]


systematic_name: M16999
exact_source: GO:0005669
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005669
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex composed of TATA binding protein (TBP) and TBP associated factors (TAFs); the total mass is typically about 800 kDa. Most of the TAFs are conserved across species. In TATA-containing promoters for RNA polymerase II (Pol II), TFIID is believed to recognize at least two distinct elements, the TATA element and a downstream promoter element. TFIID is also involved in recognition of TATA-less Pol II promoters. Binding of TFIID to DNA is necessary but not sufficient for transcription initiation from most RNA polymerase II promoters. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0471953393, ISBN:0879695501]


systematic_name: M25637
exact_source: GO:0005672
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005672
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A component of the transcription machinery of RNA Polymerase II. In humans, TFIIA is a heterotrimer composed of an alpha (P35), beta (P19) and gamma subunits (P12). [GOC:jl, PMID:17560669]


systematic_name: M25638
exact_source: GO:0005675
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005675
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex that is capable of kinase activity directed towards the C-terminal Domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and is essential for initiation at RNA polymerase II promoters in vitro. It is composed of the core TFIIH complex and the TFIIK complex. [GOC:ew, GOC:krc, PMID:14500720, PMID:22308316, PMID:22572993, PMID:7813015]


systematic_name: M25639
exact_source: GO:0005677
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005677
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any protein complex that mediates changes in chromatin structure that result in transcriptional silencing. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M17133
exact_source: GO:0005680
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005680
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ubiquitin ligase complex that degrades mitotic cyclins and anaphase inhibitory protein, thereby triggering sister chromatid separation and exit from mitosis. Substrate recognition by APC occurs through degradation signals, the most common of which is termed the Dbox degradation motif, originally discovered in cyclin B. [GOC:jh, GOC:vw, PMID:10465783, PMID:10611969]


systematic_name: M17545
exact_source: GO:0005681
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005681
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any of a series of ribonucleoprotein complexes that contain snRNA(s) and small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and are formed sequentially during the spliceosomal splicing of one or more substrate RNAs, and which also contain the RNA substrate(s) from the initial target RNAs of splicing, the splicing intermediate RNA(s), to the final RNA products. During cis-splicing, the initial target RNA is a single, contiguous RNA transcript, whether mRNA, snoRNA, etc., and the released products are a spliced RNA and an excised intron, generally as a lariat structure. During trans-splicing, there are two initial substrate RNAs, the spliced leader RNA and a pre-mRNA. [GOC:editors, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:19239890]


systematic_name: M17388
exact_source: GO:0005682
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005682
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U5, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U5 snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U5 snRNA both while the U5 snRNP is free or assembled into a series of spliceosomal complexes. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897]


systematic_name: M25640
exact_source: GO:0005683
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005683
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains the U7 snRNA and is required for the 3'-end processing of replication-dependent histone pre-mRNAs. [PMID:12872004]


systematic_name: M17071
exact_source: GO:0005684
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005684
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any spliceosomal complex that forms during the splicing of a messenger RNA primary transcript to excise an intron that has canonical consensus sequences near the 5' and 3' ends. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:11343900]


systematic_name: M17022
exact_source: GO:0005685
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005685
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U1, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U1 snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U1 snRNA both while the U1 snRNP is free or assembled into a series of spliceosomal complexes. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897]


systematic_name: M17226
exact_source: GO:0005686
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005686
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U2, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U2 snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U2 snRNA both while the U2 snRNP is free or assembled into a series of spliceosomal complexes. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897]


systematic_name: M25641
exact_source: GO:0005687
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005687
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U4, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U4 snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U4 snRNA both while the U4 snRNP is free or assembled into the U4/U6 snRNP or into a series of spliceosomal complexes. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897]


systematic_name: M25642
exact_source: GO:0005688
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005688
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U6, the Lsm2-8 heptameric ring complex, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U6 snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U6 snRNA both while the U6 snRNP is free or assembled into the U4/U6 snRNP or into a series of spliceosomal complexes. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897]


systematic_name: M19132
exact_source: GO:0005689
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005689
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any spliceosomal complex that forms during the splicing of a messenger RNA primary transcript to excise an intron; the series of U12-type spliceosomal complexes is involved in the splicing of the majority of introns that contain atypical AT-AC terminal dinucleotides, as well as other non-canonical introns. The entire splice site signal, not just the terminal dinucleotides, is involved in determining which spliceosome utilizes the site. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:11574683, PMID:11971955]


systematic_name: M17066
exact_source: GO:0005697
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005697
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme complex, with a minimal catalytic core composed of a catalytic reverse transcriptase subunit and an RNA subunit that provides the template for telomeric DNA addition. In vivo, the holoenzyme complex often contains additional subunits. [PMID:11884619]


systematic_name: M17356
exact_source: GO:0005721
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005721
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Heterochromatin that is located adjacent to the CENP-A rich centromere 'central core' and characterized by methylated H3 histone at lysine 9 (H3K9me2/H3K9me3). [PMID:12019236, PMID:20206496, PMID:21437270, PMID:22729156, PMID:9413993]


systematic_name: M46935
exact_source: GO:0005726
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005726
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Structures of variable diameter visible in the nucleoplasm by electron microscopy, mainly observed near the border of condensed chromatin. The fibrils are enriched in RNA, and are believed to be sites of pre-mRNA splicing and polyadenylylation representing the in situ form of nascent transcripts. [PMID:14731598]


systematic_name: M17699
exact_source: GO:0005730
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005730
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome. [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M17555
exact_source: GO:0005732
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005732
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains an RNA molecule of the snoRNA family and associated proteins. Many are involved in a step of processing of rRNA molecules: cleavage, 2'-O-methylation, or pseudouridylation, but other RNA types can be targets as well. The majority fall into one of two classes, box C/D type or box H/ACA type, which are conserved across eukaryotes and archaea. Other members include the telomerase RNA and the ribonuclease MRP RNA. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897, PMID:17284456]


systematic_name: M25644
exact_source: GO:0005736
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005736
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  RNA polymerase I, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces rRNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerase III and others of which are also found in RNA polymerases II and III. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template. [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu]


systematic_name: M8479
exact_source: GO:0005739
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005739
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration. [GOC:giardia, ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M13651
exact_source: GO:0005740
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005740
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The double lipid bilayer enclosing the mitochondrion and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space. [GOC:ai, GOC:pz]


systematic_name: M25646
exact_source: GO:0005744
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005744
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The protein transport machinery of the mitochondrial inner membrane that typically transports proteins that possess a matrix-targeting N-terminal presequence. The TIM23 complex contains three essential Tim proteins: Tim17 and Tim23 are thought to build a preprotein translocation channel while Tim44 interacts transiently with the matrix heat-shock protein Hsp70 to form an ATP-driven import motor. [PMID:27554484, PMID:8851659]


systematic_name: M45302
exact_source: GO:0005750
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005750
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Contains about 10 polypeptide subunits including four redox centers: cytochrome b/b6, cytochrome c1 and an 2Fe-2S cluster. Catalyzes the oxidation of ubiquinol by oxidized cytochrome c1. [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198547684]


systematic_name: M43099
exact_source: GO:0005757
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005757
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that connects the inner and outer membranes of animal mitochondria and acts as a pore that can open transiently to allow free diffusion of solutes between the mitochondrial matrix and the cytosol. The pore complex is formed of the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), the adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) and cyclophilin-D (CyP-D). [PMID:10393078]


systematic_name: M17305
exact_source: GO:0005759
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005759
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation. [GOC:as, ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M29409
exact_source: GO:0005762
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005762
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The larger of the two subunits of a mitochondrial ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). [GOC:mcc]


systematic_name: M25649
exact_source: GO:0005767
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005767
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Vacuole formed by the fusion of a lysosome with an organelle (autosome) or with a primary phagosome. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M5343
exact_source: GO:0005768
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005768
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered. [ISBN:0198506732, PMID:19696797]


systematic_name: M9432
exact_source: GO:0005769
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005769
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways. [GOC:mah, NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090701, PMID:19696797]


systematic_name: M4109
exact_source: GO:0005770
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005770
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A prelysosomal endocytic organelle differentiated from early endosomes by lower lumenal pH and different protein composition. Late endosomes are more spherical than early endosomes and are mostly juxtanuclear, being concentrated near the microtubule organizing center. [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090702, PMID:11964142, PMID:2557062]


systematic_name: M16981
exact_source: GO:0005771
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005771
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A type of endosome in which regions of the limiting endosomal membrane invaginate to form internal vesicles; membrane proteins that enter the internal vesicles are sequestered from the cytoplasm. [PMID:11566881, PMID:16533950]


systematic_name: M5245
exact_source: GO:0005773
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005773
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol. [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M10681
exact_source: GO:0005774
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005774
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The lipid bilayer surrounding the vacuole and separating its contents from the cytoplasm of the cell. [GOC:ai]


systematic_name: M17052
exact_source: GO:0005776
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005776
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A double-membrane-bounded compartment that engulfs endogenous cellular material as well as invading microorganisms to target them to the lytic vacuole/lysosome for degradation as part of macroautophagy. [GOC:autophagy, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:11099404]


systematic_name: M34344
exact_source: GO:0005784
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005784
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A translocon complex that contains a core heterotrimer of conserved alpha, beta and gamma subunits, and may contain additional proteins (translocon-associated proteins or TRAPs); in budding yeast the core proteins are Sec61p, Sbh1p, and Sss1p. The Sec61 translocon complex functions in cotranslational and posttranslational translocation events. [GOC:mah, PMID:18166647, PMID:32820719, PMID:33960686]


systematic_name: M25652
exact_source: GO:0005787
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005787
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that is located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and cleaves the signal sequence from precursor proteins following their transport out of the cytoplasmic space. [GOC:sgd_curators, PMID:1846444, PMID:7615509]


systematic_name: M17440
exact_source: GO:0005790
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005790
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER or SER) has no ribosomes attached to it. The smooth ER is the recipient of the proteins synthesized in the rough ER. Those proteins to be exported are passed to the Golgi complex, the resident proteins are returned to the rough ER and the lysosomal proteins after phosphorylation of their mannose residues are passed to the lysosomes. Glycosylation of the glycoproteins also continues. The smooth ER is the site of synthesis of lipids, including the phospholipids. The membranes of the smooth ER also contain enzymes that catalyze a series of reactions to detoxify both lipid-soluble drugs and harmful products of metabolism. Large quantities of certain compounds such as phenobarbital cause an increase in the amount of the smooth ER. [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M17154
exact_source: GO:0005791
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005791
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The rough (or granular) endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has ribosomes adhering to the outer surface; the ribosomes are the site of translation of the mRNA for those proteins which are either to be retained within the cisternae (ER-resident proteins), the proteins of the lysosomes, or the proteins destined for export from the cell. Glycoproteins undergo their initial glycosylation within the cisternae. [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M17626
exact_source: GO:0005793
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005793
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex system of membrane-bounded compartments located between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi complex, with a distinctive membrane protein composition; involved in ER-to-Golgi and Golgi-to-ER transport. [GOC:pr, PMID:16723730]


systematic_name: M845
exact_source: GO:0005794
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005794
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelle of the endomembrane system that further processes the core oligosaccharides (e.g. N-glycans) added to proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and packages them into membrane-bound vesicles. The Golgi apparatus operates at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways. [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M17108
exact_source: GO:0005795
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005795
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The set of thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments, called cisternae, that form the central portion of the Golgi complex. The stack usually comprises cis, medial, and trans cisternae; the cis- and trans-Golgi networks are not considered part of the stack. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M17733
exact_source: GO:0005796
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005796
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The volume enclosed by the membranes of any cisterna or subcompartment of the Golgi apparatus, including the cis- and trans-Golgi networks. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M13692
exact_source: GO:0005798
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005798
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any vesicle associated with the Golgi complex and involved in mediating transport within the Golgi or between the Golgi and other parts of the cell. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M17593
exact_source: GO:0005801
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005801
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located at the convex side of the Golgi apparatus, which abuts the endoplasmic reticulum. [ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M12470
exact_source: GO:0005802
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005802
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located within the Golgi apparatus on the side distal to the endoplasmic reticulum, from which secretory vesicles emerge. The trans-Golgi network is important in the later stages of protein secretion where it is thought to play a key role in the sorting and targeting of secreted proteins to the correct destination. [GOC:vw, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M25654
exact_source: GO:0005811
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005811
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle comprising a matrix of coalesced lipids surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer. May include associated proteins. [GOC:mah, GOC:tb]


systematic_name: M13292
exact_source: GO:0005813
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005813
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684]


systematic_name: M17001
exact_source: GO:0005814
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005814
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cellular organelle, found close to the nucleus in many eukaryotic cells, consisting of a small cylinder with microtubular walls, 300-500 nm long and 150-250 nm in diameter. It contains nine short, parallel, peripheral microtubular fibrils, each fibril consisting of one complete microtubule fused to two incomplete microtubules. Cells usually have two centrioles, lying at right angles to each other. At division, each pair of centrioles generates another pair and the twin pairs form the pole of the mitotic spindle. [ISBN:0198547684]


systematic_name: M11772
exact_source: GO:0005815
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005815
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An intracellular structure that can catalyze gamma-tubulin-dependent microtubule nucleation and that can anchor microtubules by interacting with their minus ends, plus ends or sides. [GOC:vw, ISBN:0815316194, PMID:17072892, PMID:17245416, Wikipedia:Microtubule_organizing_center]


systematic_name: M25655
exact_source: GO:0005818
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005818
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An array of microtubules emanating from a spindle pole MTOC that do not connect to kinetochores. [GOC:clt]


systematic_name: M1682
exact_source: GO:0005819
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005819
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms between opposite poles of a eukaryotic cell during mitosis or meiosis and serves to move the duplicated chromosomes apart. [ISBN:0198547684]


systematic_name: M25656
exact_source: GO:0005827
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005827
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any of the spindle microtubules that come from each pole and overlap at the spindle midzone. This interdigitating structure consisting of antiparallel microtubules is responsible for pushing the poles of the spindle apart. [ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M25657
exact_source: GO:0005828
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005828
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any of the spindle microtubules that attach to the kinetochores of chromosomes by their plus ends, and maneuver the chromosomes during mitotic or meiotic chromosome segregation. [ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M25658
exact_source: GO:0005832
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005832
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multisubunit ring-shaped complex that mediates protein folding in the cytosol without a cofactor. [GOC:sgd_curators, PMID:11580267]


systematic_name: M17493
exact_source: GO:0005833
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005833
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An iron-containing, oxygen carrying complex. In vertebrates it is made up of two pairs of associated globin polypeptide chains, each chain carrying a noncovalently bound heme prosthetic group. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M25659
exact_source: GO:0005839
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005839
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multisubunit barrel shaped endoprotease complex, which is the core of the proteasome complex. [GOC:rb, PMID:10806206]


systematic_name: M17089
exact_source: GO:0005840
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005840
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M29411
exact_source: GO:0005847
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005847
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multisubunit complex that binds to the canonical AAUAAA hexamer and to U-rich upstream sequence elements on the pre-mRNA, thereby stimulating the otherwise weakly active and nonspecific polymerase to elongate efficiently RNAs containing a poly(A) signal. [PMID:14749727]


systematic_name: M17100
exact_source: GO:0005849
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005849
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any macromolecular complex involved in cleavage or polyadenylation of mRNA molecules. [GOC:mah, PMID:10357856]


systematic_name: M25660
exact_source: GO:0005850
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005850
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Complex of three heterogeneous polypeptide chains, that form a ternary complex with initiator methionyl-tRNA and GTP. This ternary complex binds to free 40S subunit, which subsequently binds the 5' end of mRNA. [PMID:10216940]


systematic_name: M25661
exact_source: GO:0005851
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005851
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multisubunit guanine nucleotide exchange factor which catalyzes the exchange of GDP bound to initiation factor eIF2 for GTP, generating active eIF2-GTP. In humans, it is composed of five subunits, alpha, beta, delta, gamma and epsilon. [PMID:9438375]


systematic_name: M11411
exact_source: GO:0005852
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005852
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex of several polypeptides that plays at least two important roles in protein synthesis: First, eIF3 binds to the 40S ribosome and facilitates loading of the Met-tRNA/eIF2.GTP ternary complex to form the 43S preinitiation complex. Subsequently, eIF3 apparently assists eIF4 in recruiting mRNAs to the 43S complex. The eIF3 complex contains five conserved core subunits, and may contain several additional proteins; the non-core subunits are thought to mediate association of the complex with specific sets of mRNAs. [PMID:15904532]


systematic_name: M29412
exact_source: GO:0005854
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005854
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A heterodimeric protein complex that can reversibly bind to ribosomes, and is located in direct proximity to newly synthesized polypeptide chains as they emerge from the ribosome. [PMID:12475173, PMID:7568149]


systematic_name: M17767
exact_source: GO:0005858
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005858
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A dynein complex found in eukaryotic cilia and flagella; the motor domain heads interact with adjacent microtubules to generate a sliding force which is converted to a bending motion. [GOC:cilia, GOC:hla, GOC:krc, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M25662
exact_source: GO:0005861
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005861
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex of accessory proteins (typically troponin T, troponin I and troponin C) found associated with actin in muscle thin filaments; involved in calcium regulation of muscle contraction. [ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M34345
exact_source: GO:0005865
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005865
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Filaments formed of actin and associated proteins; attached to Z discs at either end of sarcomeres in myofibrils. [ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M17475
exact_source: GO:0005868
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005868
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any dynein complex with a homodimeric dynein heavy chain core that catalyzes movement along a microtubule. Cytoplasmic dynein complexes participate in many cytoplasmic transport activities in eukaryotes, such as mRNA localization, intermediate filament transport, nuclear envelope breakdown, apoptosis, transport of centrosomal proteins, mitotic spindle assembly, virus transport, kinetochore functions, and movement of signaling and spindle checkpoint proteins. Some complexes participate in intraflagellar transport. Subunits associated with the dynein heavy chain mediate association between dynein heavy chain and cargoes, and may include light chains and light intermediate chains. [GOC:cilia, GOC:hla, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:12600311]


systematic_name: M25663
exact_source: GO:0005869
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005869
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A 20S multiprotein assembly of total mass about 1.2 MDa that activates dynein-based activity in vivo. A large structural component of the complex is an actin-like 40 nm filament composed of actin-related protein, to which other components attach. [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M11018
exact_source: GO:0005871
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005871
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any complex that includes a dimer of molecules from the kinesin superfamily, a group of related proteins that contain an extended region of predicted alpha-helical coiled coil in the main chain that likely produces dimerization. The native complexes of several kinesin family members have also been shown to contain additional peptides, often designated light chains as all of the noncatalytic subunits that are currently known are smaller than the chain that contains the motor unit. Kinesin complexes generally possess a force-generating enzymatic activity, or motor, which converts the free energy of the gamma phosphate bond of ATP into mechanical work. [GOC:mah, http://www.proweb.org/kinesin//KinesinMotility.html, http://www.proweb.org/kinesin//KinesinStructure.html]


systematic_name: M4855
exact_source: GO:0005874
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005874
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle. [ISBN:0879693568]


systematic_name: M483
exact_source: GO:0005876
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005876
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any microtubule that is part of a mitotic or meiotic spindle; anchored at one spindle pole. [ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M25664
exact_source: GO:0005879
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005879
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A microtubule in the axoneme of a eukaryotic cilium or flagellum; an axoneme contains nine modified doublet microtubules, which may or may not surround a pair of single microtubules. [GOC:cilia, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M25665
exact_source: GO:0005883
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005883
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A type of intermediate filament found in the core of neuronal axons. Neurofilaments are heteropolymers composed of three type IV polypeptides: NF-L, NF-M, and NF-H (for low, middle, and high molecular weight). Neurofilaments are responsible for the radial growth of an axon and determine axonal diameter. [ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0716731363, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M6458
exact_source: GO:0005884
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005884
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A filamentous structure formed of a two-stranded helical polymer of the protein actin and associated proteins. Actin filaments are a major component of the contractile apparatus of skeletal muscle and the microfilaments of the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells. The filaments, comprising polymerized globular actin molecules, appear as flexible structures with a diameter of 5-9 nm. They are organized into a variety of linear bundles, two-dimensional networks, and three dimensional gels. In the cytoskeleton they are most highly concentrated in the cortex of the cell just beneath the plasma membrane. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:10666339]


systematic_name: M17329
exact_source: GO:0005885
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005885
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A stable protein complex that contains two actin-related proteins, Arp2 and Arp3, and five novel proteins (ARPC1-5), and functions in the nucleation of branched actin filaments. [GOC:jl, GOC:vw, PMID:12479800]


systematic_name: M17799
exact_source: GO:0005890
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005890
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPases are tetrameric proteins, consisting of two large alpha subunits and two smaller beta subunits. The alpha subunits bear the active site and penetrate the membrane, while the beta subunits carry oligosaccharide groups and face the cell exterior. [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M17010
exact_source: GO:0005891
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005891
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which calcium ions may pass in response to changes in membrane potential. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25666
exact_source: GO:0005892
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005892
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A homo- or hetero-pentameric protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which ions may pass in response to acetylcholine binding. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, PMID:12381728, PMID:15579462]


systematic_name: M25668
exact_source: GO:0005901
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005901
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0721662544, PMID:16645198]


systematic_name: M17255
exact_source: GO:0005902
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005902
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Thin cylindrical membrane-covered projections on the surface of an animal cell containing a core bundle of actin filaments. Present in especially large numbers on the absorptive surface of intestinal cells. [ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M19093
exact_source: GO:0005903
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005903
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The dense covering of microvilli on the apical surface of an epithelial cell in tissues such as the intestine, kidney, and choroid plexus; the microvilli aid absorption by increasing the surface area of the cell. [GOC:sl, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M25669
exact_source: GO:0005905
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005905
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A part of the endomembrane system in the form of an invagination of a membrane upon which a clathrin coat forms, and that can be converted by vesicle budding into a clathrin-coated vesicle. Coated pits form on the plasma membrane, where they are involved in receptor-mediated selective transport of many proteins and other macromolecules across the cell membrane, in the trans-Golgi network, and on some endosomes. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732, NIF_Subcellular:sao1969557946, PMID:10559856, PMID:17284835]


systematic_name: M15597
exact_source: GO:0005911
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005911
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells of an organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic intercellular bridges, such as ring canals in insects. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:dgh, GOC:hb, GOC:mah, PMID:21422226, PMID:28096264]


systematic_name: M9849
exact_source: GO:0005912
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005912
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cell-cell junction composed of the epithelial cadherin-catenin complex. The epithelial cadherins, or E-cadherins, of each interacting cell extend through the plasma membrane into the extracellular space and bind to each other. The E-cadherins bind to catenins on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane, where the E-cadherin-catenin complex binds to cytoskeletal components and regulatory and signaling molecules. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:17854762, PMID:20571587, PMID:21422226, PMID:28096264]


systematic_name: M25670
exact_source: GO:0005915
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005915
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cell-cell adherens junction which forms a continuous belt near the apex of epithelial cells. [ISBN:0815316208]


systematic_name: M25671
exact_source: GO:0005916
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005916
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cell-cell junction that contains the transmembrane protein N-cadherin, which interacts with identical molecules from neighbouring cells to form a tight mechanical intercellular link; forms a large portion of the intercalated disc, the structure at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:11732910]


systematic_name: M17818
exact_source: GO:0005921
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005921
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cell-cell junction composed of pannexins or innexins and connexins, two different families of channel-forming proteins. [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0815332181, PMID:22366062, Wikipedia:Gap_junction]


systematic_name: M25672
exact_source: GO:0005922
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005922
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An assembly of six molecules of connexin, made in the Golgi apparatus and subsequently transported to the plasma membrane, where docking of two connexons on apposed plasma membranes across the extracellular space forms a gap junction. [PMID:11146276]


systematic_name: M17760
exact_source: GO:0005929
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005929
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface and of some cytoplasmic parts. Each cilium is largely bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored to a basal body. [GOC:cilia, GOC:curators, GOC:kmv, GOC:vw, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16824949, PMID:17009929, PMID:20144998]


systematic_name: M8798
exact_source: GO:0005938
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005938
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M17549
exact_source: GO:0005942
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005942
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex capable of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity and containing subunits of any phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) enzyme. These complexes are divided in three classes (called I, II and III) that differ for their presence across taxonomic groups and for the type of their constituents. Catalytic subunits of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase enzymes are present in all 3 classes; regulatory subunits of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase enzymes are present in classes I and III; adaptor proteins have been observed in class II complexes and may be present in other classes too. [GOC:bf, PMID:24587488]


systematic_name: M25674
exact_source: GO:0005952
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005952
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An enzyme complex, composed of regulatory and catalytic subunits, that catalyzes protein phosphorylation. Inactive forms of the enzyme have two regulatory chains and two catalytic chains; activation by cAMP produces two active catalytic monomers and a regulatory dimer. [PMID:18178622]


systematic_name: M29414
exact_source: GO:0005954
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005954
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An enzyme complex which in eukaryotes is composed of four different chains: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. The different isoforms assemble into homo- or heteromultimeric holoenzymes composed of 8 to 12 subunits. Catalyzes the phosphorylation of proteins to O-phosphoproteins. [PMID:20668654]


systematic_name: M25675
exact_source: GO:0005955
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005955
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A heterodimeric calcium ion and calmodulin dependent protein phosphatase composed of catalytic and regulatory subunits; the regulatory subunit is very similar in sequence to calmodulin. [PMID:26794871]


systematic_name: M48585
exact_source: GO:0005958
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005958
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A large protein complex which is involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks and, in mammals, V(D)J recombination events. It consists of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), the DNA end-binding heterodimer Ku, the nuclear phosphoprotein XRCC4 or a homolog thereof, and DNA ligase IV. [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, PMID:10854421, PMID:12235392, PMID:17072889]


systematic_name: M25676
exact_source: GO:0005964
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005964
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An enzyme complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of phosphorylase b to form phosphorylase a. [PMID:1370475]


systematic_name: M17724
exact_source: GO:0008023
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008023
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any protein complex that interacts with RNA polymerase II to increase (positive transcription elongation factor) or reduce (negative transcription elongation factor) the rate of transcription elongation. [GOC:jl]


systematic_name: M25677
exact_source: GO:0008024
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008024
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A transcription elongation factor complex that facilitates the transition from abortive to productive elongation by phosphorylating the CTD domain of the large subunit of DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme. Contains a cyclin and a cyclin-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit. [GOC:bhm, GOC:vw, PMID:10766736, PMID:16721054, PMID:17079683, PMID:19328067, PMID:7759473]


systematic_name: M25678
exact_source: GO:0008091
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008091
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Membrane associated dimeric protein (240 and 220 kDa) of erythrocytes. Forms a complex with ankyrin, actin and probably other components of the membrane cytoskeleton, so that there is a mesh of proteins underlying the plasma membrane, potentially restricting the lateral mobility of integral proteins. [GOC:curators, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M17460
exact_source: GO:0008180
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008180
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that catalyzes the deneddylation of proteins, including the cullin component of SCF ubiquitin E3 ligase; deneddylation increases the activity of cullin family ubiquitin ligases. The signalosome is involved in many regulatory process, including some which control development, in many species; also regulates photomorphogenesis in plants; in many species its subunits are highly similar to those of the proteasome. [PMID:11019806, PMID:12186635, PMID:14570571]


systematic_name: M25679
exact_source: GO:0008250
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008250
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that is found in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane of eukaryotes and transfers lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor to asparagine residues on nascent proteins. In yeast, the complex includes at least nine different subunits, whereas in mammalian cells at least three different forms of the complex have been detected. [ISBN:0879695595, PMID:15835887]


systematic_name: M17737
exact_source: GO:0008278
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008278
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that is required for sister chromatid cohesion in eukaryotes. The cohesin complex forms a molecular ring complex, and is composed of structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) and kleisin proteins. For example, in yeast, the complex is composed of the SMC proteins Smc1p and Smc3p, and the kleisin protein Scc1p. In vertebrates, the complex is composed of the SMC1 (SMC1A or SMC1B) and SMC3 heterodimer attached via their hinge domains to a kleisin (RAD21, REC8 or RAD21L) which links them, and one STAG protein (STAG1, STAG2 or STAG3). [GOC:jl, GOC:sp, GOC:vw, PMID:9887095]


systematic_name: M25681
exact_source: GO:0008290
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008290
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A heterodimer consisting of alpha and beta subunits that binds to and caps the barbed ends of actin filaments, thereby regulating the polymerization of actin monomers but not severing actin filaments. [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198599560]


systematic_name: M43103
exact_source: GO:0008303
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008303
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that contains one or more cysteine-type endopeptidases (also called caspases), which give the complex a peptidase activity with specificity for the hydrolysis of aspartyl bonds. These complexes may be involved e.g. in apoptotic or inflammation processes. [GOC:cna, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:15569692]


systematic_name: M43104
exact_source: GO:0008305
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008305
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that is composed of one alpha subunit and one beta subunit, both of which are members of the integrin superfamily of cell adhesion receptors; the complex spans the plasma membrane and binds to extracellular matrix ligands, cell-surface ligands, and soluble ligands. [PMID:17543136]


systematic_name: M45962
exact_source: GO:0008352
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008352
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex possessing an activity that couples ATP hydrolysis to the severing of microtubules; usually a heterodimer comprising a catalytic subunit (often 60kDa) and a regulatory subunit (often 80 kDa). [PMID:10910766]


systematic_name: M17634
exact_source: GO:0008385
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008385
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A trimeric protein complex that phosphorylates inhibitory-kappaB (I-kappaB) proteins. The complex is composed of two kinase subunits (alpha and beta) and a regulatory gamma subunit (also called NEMO). In a resting state, NF-kappaB dimers are bound to inhibitory IKB proteins, sequestering NF-kappaB in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of I-kappaB targets I-kappaB for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thus releasing the NF-kappaB dimers, which can translocate to the nucleus to bind DNA and regulate transcription. [GOC:bf, GOC:ma, PMID:12055104, PMID:20300203]


systematic_name: M17087
exact_source: GO:0008540
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008540
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The subcomplex of the proteasome regulatory particle that directly associates with the proteasome core complex. [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:rb]


systematic_name: M25682
exact_source: GO:0008541
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008541
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The subcomplex of the proteasome regulatory particle that forms the peripheral lid, which is added on top of the base subcomplex. [GOC:rb]


systematic_name: M25683
exact_source: GO:0008622
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0008622
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A heterotetrameric DNA polymerase complex that catalyzes processive DNA synthesis in the absence of PCNA, but is further stimulated in the presence of PCNA. The complex contains a large catalytic subunit and three small subunits, and is best characterized in Saccharomyces, in which the subunits are named Pol2p, Dpb2p, Dpb3p, and Dpb4p. Some evidence suggests that DNA polymerase epsilon is the leading strand polymerase; it is also involved in nucleotide-excision repair and mismatch repair. [PMID:15814431, PMID:9745046]


systematic_name: M17028
exact_source: GO:0009295
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0009295
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The region of a virus, bacterial cell, mitochondrion or chloroplast to which the nucleic acid is confined. [GOC:bm, GOC:ma, ISBN:3540076689]


systematic_name: M2251
exact_source: GO:0009897
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0009897
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The leaflet of the plasma membrane that faces away from the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface. [GOC:dos, GOC:tb]


systematic_name: M45303
exact_source: GO:0009898
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0009898
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The leaflet the plasma membrane that faces the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface. [GOC:dos, GOC:tb]


systematic_name: M17540
exact_source: GO:0010369
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0010369
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A region in which centric, heterochromatic portions from more than one chromosomes form a compact structure. [PMID:12384572, PMID:15053486, PMID:16831888]


systematic_name: M17039
exact_source: GO:0010494
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0010494
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A dense aggregation in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress. [GOC:ans, PMID:17284590, PMID:17601829, PMID:17967451, PMID:20368989]


systematic_name: M17451
exact_source: GO:0012507
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0012507
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle transporting substances from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi. [GOC:ai, GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


systematic_name: M17056
exact_source: GO:0012510
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0012510
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle transporting substances between the trans-Golgi network and other parts of the cell. [GOC:ai]


systematic_name: M25684
exact_source: GO:0014701
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0014701
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The part of the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane that contains calcium release channels, is devoted to calcium release and is juxtaposed to transverse tubule membrane. The junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane consists of the junctional region of the terminal cisterna membrane. [GOC:mtg_muscle]


systematic_name: M17058
exact_source: GO:0014704
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0014704
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex cell-cell junction at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes; mediates mechanical and electrochemical integration between individual cardiomyocytes. The intercalated disc contains regions of tight mechanical attachment (fasciae adherentes and desmosomes) and electrical coupling (gap junctions) between adjacent cells. [GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:11732910]


systematic_name: M25685
exact_source: GO:0014731
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0014731
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The part of the cytoskeleton composed of spectrin, protein 4.1 and ankyrin. Spectrin-associated cytoskeleton is associated with the plasma membrane. [GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:15970557]


systematic_name: M17153
exact_source: GO:0015030
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0015030
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A class of nuclear body, first seen after silver staining by Ramon y Cajal in 1903, enriched in small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, and certain general RNA polymerase II transcription factors; ultrastructurally, they appear as a tangle of coiled, electron-dense threads roughly 0.5 micrometers in diameter; involved in aspects of snRNP biogenesis; the protein coilin serves as a marker for Cajal bodies. Some argue that Cajal bodies are the sites for preassembly of transcriptosomes, unitary particles involved in transcription and processing of RNA. [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_090901, PMID:10944589, PMID:11031238, PMID:7559785]


systematic_name: M5272
exact_source: GO:0015629
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0015629
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M8300
exact_source: GO:0015630
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0015630
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of microtubules and associated proteins. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172]


systematic_name: M17053
exact_source: GO:0015934
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0015934
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M3516
exact_source: GO:0016010
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016010
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multiprotein complex that forms a strong mechanical link between the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix; typical of, but not confined to, muscle cells. The complex is composed of transmembrane, cytoplasmic, and extracellular proteins, including dystrophin, sarcoglycans, dystroglycan, dystrobrevins, syntrophins, sarcospan, caveolin-3, and NO synthase. [PMID:15117830, PMID:16710609]


systematic_name: M25686
exact_source: GO:0016011
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016011
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that includes alpha- and beta-dystroglycan, which are alternative products of the same gene; the laminin-binding component of the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex, providing a link between the subsarcolemmal cytoskeleton (in muscle cells) and the extracellular matrix. Alpha-dystroglycan is an extracellular protein binding to alpha-laminin and to beta-dystroglycan; beta-dystroglycan is a transmembrane protein which binds alpha-dystroglycan and dystrophin. [PMID:15117830, PMID:16710609]


systematic_name: M17131
exact_source: GO:0016234
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016234
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A discrete intracellular part formed of aggregated molecules such as proteins or other biopolymers. [GOC:mah, PMID:11121744]


systematic_name: M16980
exact_source: GO:0016235
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016235
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An inclusion body formed by dynein-dependent retrograde transport of an aggregated protein on microtubules. [PMID:11121744]


systematic_name: M25687
exact_source: GO:0016272
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016272
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multisubunit chaperone that is capable of delivering unfolded proteins to cytosolic chaperonin, which it acts as a cofactor for. In humans, the complex is a heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha and four PFD-beta type subunits. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it also acts in the nucleus to regulate the rate of elongation by RNA polymerase II via a direct effect on histone dynamics. [GOC:jl, PMID:17384227, PMID:24068951, PMID:9630229]


systematic_name: M25688
exact_source: GO:0016281
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016281
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F complex is composed of eIF4E, eIF4A and eIF4G; it is involved in the recognition of the mRNA cap, ATP-dependent unwinding of the 5'-terminal secondary structure and recruitment of the mRNA to the ribosome. [GOC:hb, PMID:32883864, PMID:8449919]


systematic_name: M3406
exact_source: GO:0016323
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016323
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The region of the plasma membrane that includes the basal end and sides of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis. [GOC:go_curators]


systematic_name: M17364
exact_source: GO:0016328
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016328
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The portion of the plasma membrane at the lateral side of the cell. In epithelial cells, lateral plasma membranes are on the sides of cells which lie at the interface of adjacent cells. [GOC:hb, GOC:mah, GOC:pr]


systematic_name: M25689
exact_source: GO:0016342
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016342
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Complex of peripheral cytoplasmic proteins (alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenin) that interact with the cytoplasmic region of uvomorulin/E-cadherin to connect it to the actin cytoskeleton. [ISBN:0198599323]


systematic_name: M5442
exact_source: GO:0016459
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016459
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes. [GOC:mah, Wikipedia:Myosin]


systematic_name: M17709
exact_source: GO:0016460
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016460
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A myosin complex containing two class II myosin heavy chains, two myosin essential light chains and two myosin regulatory light chains. Also known as classical myosin or conventional myosin, the myosin II class includes the major muscle myosin of vertebrate and invertebrate muscle, and is characterized by alpha-helical coiled coil tails that self assemble to form a variety of filament structures. [Wikipedia:Myosin]


systematic_name: M18990
exact_source: GO:0016469
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016469
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A large protein complex that catalyzes the synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP by a rotational mechanism, coupled to the transport of protons across a membrane. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0, V0, or A0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1, V1, or A1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis or hydrolysis. Two major types have been characterized: V-type ATPases couple ATP hydrolysis to the transport of protons across a concentration gradient, whereas F-type ATPases, also known as ATP synthases, normally run in the reverse direction to utilize energy from a proton concentration or electrochemical gradient to synthesize ATP. A third type, A-type ATPases have been found in archaea, and are closely related to eukaryotic V-type ATPases but are reversible. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16691483]


systematic_name: M17713
exact_source: GO:0016514
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016514
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A SWI/SNF-type complex that contains 8 to 14 proteins, including both conserved (core) and nonconserved components; contains the ATPase product of the yeast SNF2 or mammalian SMARCA4/BAF190A/BRG1 gene, or an ortholog thereof. [GOC:bhm, PMID:12672490]


systematic_name: M45304
exact_source: GO:0016529
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016529
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A fine reticular network of membrane-limited elements that pervades the sarcoplasm of a muscle cell; continuous over large portions of the cell and with the nuclear envelope; that part of the endoplasmic reticulum specialized for calcium release, uptake and storage. [GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0124325653, ISBN:0198547684]


systematic_name: M25691
exact_source: GO:0016581
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016581
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An approximately 2 MDa multi-subunit complex that exhibits ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling activity in addition to histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, and has been shown to establish transcriptional repression of a number of target genes in vertebrates, invertebrates and fungi. Amongst its subunits, the NuRD complex contains histone deacetylases, histone binding proteins and Mi-2-like proteins. [PMID:10589671, PMID:11743021, PMID:17289569]


systematic_name: M45305
exact_source: GO:0016586
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016586
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A SWI/SNF-type complex that contains a bromodomain containing-protein, such as yeast Rsc1 or Rsc4 or mammalian PB1/BAF180. The RSC complex is generally recruited to RNA polymerase III promoters and is specifically recruited to RNA polymerase II promoters by transcriptional activators and repressors; it is also involved in non-homologous end joining. [GOC:bhm, PMID:11937489, PMID:12672490, PMID:15870268, PMID:19355820, PMID:8980231]


systematic_name: M25692
exact_source: GO:0016589
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016589
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An ISWI complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the ISWI family (SNF2L in mammals), a NURF301 homolog (BPTF in humans), and additional subunits, though the composition of these additional subunits varies slightly with species. NURF is involved in regulation of transcription from TRNA polymerase II promoters. [GOC:bf, GOC:krc, PMID:10779516, PMID:11279013, PMID:15284901, PMID:16568949, PMID:21810179]


systematic_name: M25693
exact_source: GO:0016591
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016591
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex containing an RNA polymerase II core enzyme as well as additional proteins and transcription factor complexes, that are capable of promoter recognition and transcription initiation from an RNA polymerase II promoter in vivo. These additional components may include general transcription factor complexes TFIIA, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, or TFIIH, as well as Mediator, SWI/SNF, GCN5, or SRBs and confer the ability to recognize promoters. [GOC:jl, GOC:krc, PMID:16858867, Wikipedia:Rna_polymerase_ii]


systematic_name: M17759
exact_source: GO:0016592
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016592
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins. [PMID:11454195, PMID:16168358, PMID:17870225]


systematic_name: M25694
exact_source: GO:0016593
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016593
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multiprotein complex that associates with RNA polymerase II and general RNA polymerase II transcription factor complexes and may be involved in both transcriptional initiation and elongation. In Saccharomyces the complex contains Paf1p, Cdc73p, Ctr9p, Rtf1p, and Leo1p. [PMID:11884586]


systematic_name: M25695
exact_source: GO:0016600
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016600
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that contains flotillin-1 and flotillin-2, and may contain associated proteins. Flotillins associate into membrane microdomains resembling caveolae. [PMID:17206938, PMID:17600709]


systematic_name: M43106
exact_source: GO:0016602
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016602
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A heteromeric transcription factor complex that binds to the CCAAT-box upstream of promoters; functions as both an activator and a repressor, depending on its interacting cofactors. Typically trimeric consisting of NFYA, NFYB and NFYC subunits. In Saccharomyces, it activates the transcription of genes in response to growth in a nonfermentable carbon source and consists of four known subunits: HAP2, HAP3, HAP4 and HAP5. [GOC:bhm, PMID:7828851]


systematic_name: M17188
exact_source: GO:0016604
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016604
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Extra-nucleolar nuclear domains usually visualized by confocal microscopy and fluorescent antibodies to specific proteins. [GOC:ma, PMID:10330182]


systematic_name: M17259
exact_source: GO:0016605
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016605
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A class of nuclear body; they react against SP100 auto-antibodies (PML, promyelocytic leukemia); cells typically contain 10-30 PML bodies per nucleus; alterations in the localization of PML bodies occurs after viral infection. [GOC:ma, PMID:10944585]


systematic_name: M17120
exact_source: GO:0016607
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016607
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy. [http://www.cellnucleus.com/]


systematic_name: M43107
exact_source: GO:0016942
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016942
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex of proteins which includes the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and a number of IGF-binding proteins. The complex plays a role in growth and development. [GOC:jl]


systematic_name: M45306
exact_source: GO:0017071
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0017071
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which cations ions may pass in response to an intracellular cyclic nucleotide binding to the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25697
exact_source: GO:0017101
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0017101
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multienzyme complex found in all multicellular eukaryotes composed of eight proteins with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activities (abbreviated as: ArgRS, AspRS, GluProRS, GlnRS, IleRS, LeuRS, LysRS, MetRS where RS is the enzyme, preceded by the amino acid it uses as a substrate) as well as three non-synthetase proteins (p43, p38, and p18) with diverse functions. Several of these subunits are known dimers, so the total polypeptide count in the multisynthetase complex is at least fifteen. All of the enzymes in this assembly catalyze the same reaction, the covalent attachment of an amino acid to either the 2'- or 3'-hydroxyl of the 3'-terminal adenosine of tRNA, but using different substrates. [GOC:jl, PMID:16169847]


systematic_name: M17585
exact_source: GO:0017119
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0017119
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multisubunit tethering complex of the CATCHR family (complexes associated with tethering containing helical rods) that has a role in tethering vesicles to the Golgi prior to fusion. Composed of 8 subunits COG1-8. [GOC:krc, PMID:11980916, PMID:20972446, PMID:9792665]


systematic_name: M17272
exact_source: GO:0017146
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0017146
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. NMDA receptors are composed of assemblies of NR1 subunits (Figure 3) and NR2 subunits, which can be one of four separate gene products (NR2A-D). Expression of both subunits are required to form functional channels. The glutamate binding domain is formed at the junction of NR1 and NR2 subunits. NMDA receptors are permeable to calcium ions as well as being permeable to other ions. Thus NMDA receptor activation leads to a calcium influx into the post-synaptic cells, a signal thought to be crucial for the induction of NMDA-receptor dependent LTP and LTD. [http://www.bris.ac.uk/Depts/Synaptic/info/glutamate.html]


systematic_name: M29417
exact_source: GO:0018995
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0018995
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any cellular component of a host cell. The host is an organism in which another organism, for instance a parasite or symbiont, spends part or all of its life cycle and from which it obtains nourishment and/or protection. [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M17110
exact_source: GO:0019005
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0019005
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul1 subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by a Skp1 adaptor and an F-box protein. SCF complexes are involved in targeting proteins for degradation by the proteasome. The best characterized complexes are those from yeast and mammals (with core subunits named Cdc53/Cul1, Rbx1/Hrt1/Roc1). [PMID:15571813, PMID:15688063]


systematic_name: M25698
exact_source: GO:0019773
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0019773
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The proteasome core subcomplex that constitutes the two outer rings of the proteasome core complex. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:rb, PMID:10854779]


systematic_name: M25699
exact_source: GO:0019774
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0019774
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The proteasome core subcomplex that constitutes the two inner rings of the proteasome core complex. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:rb, PMID:10854779]


systematic_name: M17554
exact_source: GO:0019814
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0019814
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that in its canonical form is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds and sometimes complexed with additional proteins. An immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph. [GOC:add, GOC:jl, ISBN:0781765196]


systematic_name: M45963
exact_source: GO:0019815
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0019815
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An immunoglobulin complex that is present in the plasma membrane of B cells and that in its canonical form is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains and two identical immunoglobulin light chains and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149]


systematic_name: M17332
exact_source: GO:0019866
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0019866
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M7188
exact_source: GO:0019867
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0019867
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The external membrane of Gram-negative bacteria or certain organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts; freely permeable to most ions and metabolites. [GOC:go_curators]


systematic_name: M17762
exact_source: GO:0019897
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0019897
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The component of a plasma membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:curators, GOC:dos]


systematic_name: M17719
exact_source: GO:0019898
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0019898
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The component of a membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:dos, GOC:jl, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M17780
exact_source: GO:0022624
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0022624
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex, that caps one or both ends of the proteasome core complex and regulates entry into, or exit from, the proteasome core complex. [GOC:mtg_sensu]


systematic_name: M25700
exact_source: GO:0030008
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030008
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A large complex that acts as a tethering factor involved in transporting vesicles from the ER through the Golgi to the plasma membrane. A TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex has a core set of proteins which are joined by specific subunits depending on the cellular component where a given TRAPP complex is active. [GOC:bhm, GOC:vw, PMID:22669257]


systematic_name: M17207
exact_source: GO:0030014
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030014
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The Ccr4-Not complex is an eukaryotically conserved deadenylase that can initiate cytoplasmic mRNA decay, and reduce translation by releasing poly(A)-binding protein (Pab1/PABPC1). Ccr4-Not contains seven core subunits, including two poly(A)-specific exonucleases, Ccr4/CNOT6/CNOT6L and Caf1/Pop2/CNOT7/CNOT8. [GOC:sart, PMID:11113136, PMID:11239395, PMID:22785621, PMID:30601114]


systematic_name: M25701
exact_source: GO:0030015
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030015
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The core of the CCR4-NOT complex. In Saccharomyces the CCR4-NOT core complex comprises Ccr4p, Caf1p, Caf40p, Caf130p, Not1p, Not2p, Not3p, Not4p, and Not5p. [GOC:sart, PMID:11113136]


systematic_name: M1730
exact_source: GO:0030027
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030027
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments. [ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M3539
exact_source: GO:0030055
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030055
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cell junction that forms a connection between a cell and the extracellular matrix. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:hb, GOC:mah, PMID:10419689, PMID:1643657, PMID:16805308, PMID:26923917, PMID:8314002]


systematic_name: M25702
exact_source: GO:0030056
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030056
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cell-substrate junction (attachment structure) found in epithelial cells that links intermediate filaments to extracellular matrices via transmembrane complexes. In vertebrates, hemidesmosomes mediate contact between the basal side of epithelial cells and the basal lamina. In C. elegans, hemidesmosomes connect epithelial cells to distinct extracellular matrices on both the apical and basal cell surfaces. [GOC:kmv, ISBN:0815316208, PMID:20205195]


systematic_name: M17581
exact_source: GO:0030057
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030057
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cell-cell junction in which: on the cytoplasmic surface of each interacting plasma membrane is a dense plaque composed of a mixture of intracellular anchor proteins; a bundle of keratin intermediate filaments is attached to the surface of each plaque; transmembrane adhesion proteins of the cadherin family bind to the plaques and interact through their extracellular domains to hold the adjacent membranes together by a Ca2+-dependent mechanism. [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0815332181]


systematic_name: M25703
exact_source: GO:0030061
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030061
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any of the inward folds of the mitochondrial inner membrane. Their number, extent, and shape differ in mitochondria from different tissues and organisms. They appear to be devices for increasing the surface area of the mitochondrial inner membrane, where the enzymes of electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation are found. Their shape can vary with the respiratory state of the mitochondria. [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M3007
exact_source: GO:0030117
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030117
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M17185
exact_source: GO:0030118
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030118
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A membrane coat found on coated pits and some coated vesicles; consists of polymerized clathrin triskelions, each comprising three clathrin heavy chains and three clathrin light chains, linked to the membrane via one of the AP adaptor complexes. [GOC:mah, PMID:11252894, PMID:9531549]


systematic_name: M17707
exact_source: GO:0030119
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030119
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any of several heterotetrameric complexes that link clathrin (or another coat-forming molecule, as hypothesized for AP-3 and AP-4) to a membrane surface; they are found on coated pits and coated vesicles, and mediate sorting of cargo proteins into vesicles. Each AP complex contains two large (a beta and one of either an alpha, gamma, delta, or epsilon) subunits (110-130 kDa), a medium (mu) subunit (approximately 50 kDa), and a small (sigma) subunit (15-20 kDa). [GOC:mah, PMID:10611976, PMID:15473838]


systematic_name: M25705
exact_source: GO:0030121
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030121
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of beta1, gamma, mu1 and sigma1 subunits and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle; vesicles with AP-1-containing coats are normally found primarily in the trans-Golgi network. In at least humans, the AP-1 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different genes (gamma1 and gamma2, mu1A and mu1B, and sigma1A, sigma1B and sigma1C). [GOC:mah, PMID:10611976, PMID:21097499]


systematic_name: M45964
exact_source: GO:0030122
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030122
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of alpha, beta2, mu2 and sigma2 subunits, and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle, and the cargo receptors during receptor/clathrin mediated endocytosis. Vesicles with AP-2-containing coats are normally found primarily near the plasma membrane, on endocytic vesicles. In at least humans, the AP-2 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different alpha genes (alphaA and alphaC). [GOC:mah, PMID:10611976, PMID:21097499, PMID:22022230, PMID:24322426]


systematic_name: M25706
exact_source: GO:0030123
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030123
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of beta3, delta, mu3 and sigma3 subunits and is found associated with endosomal membranes. AP-3 does not appear to associate with clathrin in all organisms. In at least humans, the AP-3 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different genes (beta3A and beta3B, mu3A and mu3B, and sigma3A and sigma3B). [GOC:mah, PMID:10611976, PMID:21097499]


systematic_name: M17078
exact_source: GO:0030126
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030126
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. The mammalian COPI subunits are called alpha-, beta-, beta'-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-COP. Vesicles with COPI coats are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state. [GOC:mah, PMID:11252894]


systematic_name: M25708
exact_source: GO:0030127
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030127
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. COPII is best characterized in S. cerevisiae, where the subunits are called Sar1p, Sec13p, Sec31p, Sec23p, and Sec24p. Vesicles with COPII coats are found associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes at steady state. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, PMID:11252894]


systematic_name: M17412
exact_source: GO:0030132
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030132
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The coat found on coated pits and the coated vesicles derived from coated pits; comprises clathrin and the AP-2 adaptor complex. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M7476
exact_source: GO:0030133
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030133
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any of the vesicles of the constitutive secretory pathway, which carry cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi, between Golgi cisternae, from the Golgi to the ER (retrograde transport) or to destinations within or outside the cell. [GOC:mah, PMID:22160157]


systematic_name: M25709
exact_source: GO:0030134
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030134
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPII coat complex proteins. The COPII coat complex is formed by the Sec23p/Sec24p and the Sec13p/Sec31p heterodimers. COPII-associated vesicles transport proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus (anterograde transport). [PMID:11252894, PMID:17499046, PMID:22160157, PMID:8004676, Wikipedia:COPII]


systematic_name: M1314
exact_source: GO:0030135
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030135
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Small membrane-bounded organelle formed by pinching off of a coated region of membrane. Some coats are made of clathrin, whereas others are made from other proteins. [ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M16844
exact_source: GO:0030136
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030136
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A vesicle with a coat formed of clathrin connected to the membrane via one of the clathrin adaptor complexes. [GOC:mah, PMID:11252894]


systematic_name: M17353
exact_source: GO:0030137
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030137
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPI coat complex proteins. COPI-coated vesicles are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state, are involved in Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum (retrograde) vesicle transport, and possibly also in intra-Golgi transport. [GOC:mah, PMID:11252894]


systematic_name: M17129
exact_source: GO:0030139
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030139
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by invagination of the plasma membrane around an extracellular substance. Endocytic vesicles fuse with early endosomes to deliver the cargo for further sorting. [GOC:go_curators, PMID:19696797]


systematic_name: M2729
exact_source: GO:0030140
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030140
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A vesicle that mediates transport between the trans-Golgi network and other parts of the cell. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M10712
exact_source: GO:0030141
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030141
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M16974
exact_source: GO:0030175
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030175
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Thin, stiff, actin-based protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal or dendritic growth cone, or a dendritic shaft. [GOC:mah, GOC:pr, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M17577
exact_source: GO:0030286
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030286
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity. [ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M43108
exact_source: GO:0030289
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030289
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex formed by the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 4 plus one or more regulatory subunits. [GOC:bhm, PMID:10026142]


systematic_name: M29420
exact_source: GO:0030312
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030312
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A structure that lies outside the plasma membrane and surrounds the entire cell or cells. This does not include the periplasmic space. [GOC:go_curators]


systematic_name: M25711
exact_source: GO:0030314
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030314
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Complex formed in muscle cells between the membrane of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and invaginations of the plasma membrane (T-tubules). [PMID:11535622]


systematic_name: M17625
exact_source: GO:0030315
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030315
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Invagination of the plasma membrane of a muscle cell that extends inward from the cell surface around each myofibril. The ends of T-tubules make contact with the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. [GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M17790
exact_source: GO:0030424
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030424
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter. [GOC:nln, ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M17533
exact_source: GO:0030496
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030496
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A thin cytoplasmic bridge formed between daughter cells at the end of cytokinesis. The midbody forms where the contractile ring constricts, and may persist for some time before finally breaking to complete cytokinesis. [ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M5645
exact_source: GO:0030532
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030532
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains at least one RNA of the small nuclear RNA (snRNA) class and as well as its associated proteins. These are typically named after the snRNA(s) they contain, e.g. U1 snRNP, U4/U6 snRNP, or 7SK snRNP. Many, of these complexes become part of the spliceosome involved in splicing of nuclear mRNAs. Others are involved in regulation of transcription elongation or 3'-end processing of replication-dependent histone pre-mRNAs. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897]


systematic_name: M17604
exact_source: GO:0030673
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030673
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding an axon; it is a specialized trilaminar random mosaic of protein molecules floating within a fluid matrix of highly mobile phospholipid molecules, 7-8 nm in thickness. [http://www.medik.sk/clanky/bio_jun.htm, ISBN:0124325653]


systematic_name: M25715
exact_source: GO:0030677
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030677
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ribonucleoprotein complex that catalyzes cleavage of the leader sequence of precursor tRNAs (pre-tRNAs), generating the mature 5' end of tRNAs. [GOC:mah, PMID:12045094]


systematic_name: M25716
exact_source: GO:0030681
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030681
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ribonuclease P complex that generally contains a single RNA molecule and several protein molecules. Examples of this complex are found in Archaeal species. [GOC:mah, PMID:11142368, PMID:12045094]


systematic_name: M17276
exact_source: GO:0030684
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030684
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any complex of pre-rRNAs, ribosomal proteins, and associated proteins formed during ribosome biogenesis. [PMID:10567516]


systematic_name: M16987
exact_source: GO:0030686
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030686
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A large ribonucleoprotein complex considered to be the earliest preribosomal complex. In S. cerevisiae, it has a size of 90S and consists of the 35S pre-rRNA, early-associating ribosomal proteins most of which are part of the small ribosomal subunit, the U3 snoRNA and associated proteins. [GOC:krc, GOC:vw, PMID:12150911, PMID:12957375, PMID:15120992]


systematic_name: M17563
exact_source: GO:0030687
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030687
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A preribosomal complex consisting of 27SA, 27SB, and/or 7S pre-rRNA, 5S rRNA, ribosomal proteins including late-associating large subunit proteins, and associated proteins; a precursor of the eukaryotic cytoplasmic large ribosomal subunit. [PMID:10567516]


systematic_name: M25717
exact_source: GO:0030688
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030688
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A preribosomal complex consisting of 20S pre-rRNA, ribosomal proteins including late-associating small subunit proteins, and associated proteins; a precursor of the eukaryotic cytoplasmic small ribosomal subunit. [PMID:10567516]


systematic_name: M4106
exact_source: GO:0030864
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030864
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The portion of the actin cytoskeleton, comprising filamentous actin and associated proteins, that lies just beneath the plasma membrane. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M48586
exact_source: GO:0030870
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030870
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Trimeric protein complex that possesses endonuclease activity; involved in meiotic recombination, DNA repair and checkpoint signaling. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the complex comprises Mre11p, Rad50p, and Xrs2p; complexes identified in other species generally contain proteins orthologous to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteins. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:11988766, PMID:17674145]


systematic_name: M17464
exact_source: GO:0030877
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030877
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cytoplasmic protein complex containing glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (GSK-3-beta), the adenomatous polyposis coli protein (APC), and the scaffolding protein axin, among others; phosphorylates beta-catenin, targets it for degradation by the proteasome. [PMID:14600025]


systematic_name: M14723
exact_source: GO:0030880
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030880
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any complex that possesses RNA polymerase activity; generally comprises a catalytic subunit and one or more additional subunits. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M46937
exact_source: GO:0030892
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030892
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cohesin complex that mediates sister chromatid cohesion during mitosis; has a subunit composition distinct from that of the meiotic cohesin complex. [GOC:mah, PMID:12750522]


systematic_name: M25721
exact_source: GO:0030893
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030893
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cohesin complex that mediates sister chromatid cohesion during meiosis; has a subunit composition distinct from that of the mitotic cohesin complex. [GOC:mah, PMID:12750522]


systematic_name: M17657
exact_source: GO:0030894
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030894
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multi-component enzymatic machine at the replication fork which mediates DNA replication. Includes DNA primase, one or more DNA polymerases, DNA helicases, and other proteins. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


systematic_name: M45965
exact_source: GO:0030895
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030895
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Protein complex that mediates editing of the mRNA encoding apolipoprotein B; catalyzes the deamination of C to U (residue 6666 in the human mRNA). Contains a catalytic subunit, APOBEC-1, and other proteins (e.g. human ASP; rat ASP and KSRP). [PMID:10781591, PMID:12683974]


systematic_name: M25722
exact_source: GO:0030896
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030896
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Conserved heterotrimeric complex of PCNA-like proteins that is loaded onto DNA at sites of DNA damage. [PMID:12531008]


systematic_name: M17199
exact_source: GO:0030897
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030897
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multimeric protein complex that associates with the vacuolar membrane, late endosomal (multivesicular body) and lysosomal membranes. HOPS is a tethering complex involved in vesicle fusion. [PMID:10944212, PMID:23645161]


systematic_name: M16994
exact_source: GO:0030904
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030904
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A conserved hetero-pentameric membrane-associated complex involved in retrograde transport from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus. The budding yeast retromer comprises Vps35p, Vps29p, Vps26p, Vps5p, and Vps17p. The mammalian complex shows slight variation in composition compared to yeast, and comprises SNX1 or SNX2, SNX5 or SNX6, VPS26A or VPS26B, VPS29, and VPS35. [GOC:bf, PMID:26220253, PMID:27385586, PMID:9700157]


systematic_name: M43109
exact_source: GO:0030915
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030915
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A conserved complex that contains a heterodimer of SMC proteins (Smc5p and Smc6p, or homologs thereof) and several other proteins, and is involved in DNA repair and maintaining cell cycle arrest following DNA damage. In S. cerevisiae, this is an octameric complex called Mms21-Smc5-Smc6 complex, with at least five of its subunits conserved in fission yeast and humans. [GOC:rb, PMID:14701739, PMID:15738391, PMID:27373152]


systematic_name: M8122
exact_source: GO:0030964
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030964
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An integral membrane complex that possesses NADH oxidoreductase activity. The complex is one of the components of the electron transport chain. It catalyzes the transfer of a pair of electrons from NADH to a quinone. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M17560
exact_source: GO:0030990
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030990
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A nonmembrane-bound oligomeric protein complex that participates in bidirectional transport of molecules (cargo) along axonemal microtubules. [GOC:cilia, GOC:kmv, PMID:14570576, PMID:22118932, PMID:23945166]


systematic_name: M25724
exact_source: GO:0030991
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030991
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The smaller subcomplex of the intraciliary transport particle; characterized complexes have molecular weights of 710-760 kDa. [GOC:cilia, GOC:kmv, PMID:14570576]


systematic_name: M17550
exact_source: GO:0030992
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0030992
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The larger subcomplex of the intraciliary transport particle; characterized complexes have molecular weights around 550 kDa. [GOC:cilia, GOC:kmv, PMID:14570576, PMID:19253336]


systematic_name: M25725
exact_source: GO:0031010
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031010
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any nuclear protein complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the imitation switch (ISWI) family. ISWI ATPases are involved in assembling chromatin and in sliding and spacing nucleosomes to regulate transcription of nuclear RNA polymerases I, II, and III and also DNA replication, recombination and repair. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:15020051, PMID:15284901, PMID:16568949, PMID:21810179]


systematic_name: M43110
exact_source: GO:0031011
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031011
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multisubunit protein complex that contains the Ino80p ATPase; exhibits chromatin remodeling activity. [GOC:jh, GOC:rb, PMID:19355820]


systematic_name: M17823
exact_source: GO:0031045
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031045
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Electron-dense organelle with a granular internal matrix; contains proteins destined to be secreted. [NIF_Subcellular:sao772007592, PMID:14690495]


systematic_name: M43111
exact_source: GO:0031074
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031074
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any complex that acts to move proteins or RNAs into or out of the nucleus through nuclear pores. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25726
exact_source: GO:0031080
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031080
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A subcomplex of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) that forms the outer rings of the core scaffold, a lattice-like structure that gives the NPC its shape and strength. In S. cerevisiae, the two outer rings each contain multiple copies of the following proteins: Nup133p, Nup120p, Nup145Cp, Nup85p, Nup84p, Seh1p, and Sec13p. In vertebrates, the two outer rings each contain multiple copies of the following proteins: Nup133, Nup160, Nup96, Nup75, Nup107, Seh1, Sec13, Nup43, Nup37, and ALADIN. Components are arranged in 8-fold symmetrical 'spokes' around the central transport channel. A single 'spoke', can be isolated and is sometimes referred to as the Nup84 complex (S. cerevisiae) or the Nup107-160 complex (vertebrates). [GOC:dgf, PMID:18046406, PMID:19524430, PMID:20947011, PMID:22419078]


systematic_name: M17463
exact_source: GO:0031082
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031082
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any of several protein complexes required for the biogenesis of specialized organelles of the endosomal-lysosomal system, such as melanosomes, platelet dense granules, and other related organelles; acronym for biogenesis of lysosomal-related organelles complex. [PMID:15102850, PMID:15261680]


systematic_name: M17112
exact_source: GO:0031083
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031083
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex required for the biogenesis of specialized organelles of the endosomal-lysosomal system, such as melanosomes and platelet dense granules. Many of the protein subunits are conserved between mouse and human; the mouse complex contains the Pallidin, Muted, Cappuccino, Dysbindin, Snapin, BLOS1, BLOS2, AND BLOS3 proteins. [PMID:15102850]


systematic_name: M17065
exact_source: GO:0031091
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031091
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A secretory organelle found in blood platelets, which is unique in that it exhibits further compartmentalization and acquires its protein content via two distinct mechanisms: (1) biosynthesis predominantly at the megakaryocyte (MK) level (with some vestigial platelet synthesis) (e.g. platelet factor 4) and (2) endocytosis and pinocytosis at both the MK and circulating platelet levels (e.g. fibrinogen (Fg) and IgG). [PMID:8467233]


systematic_name: M17306
exact_source: GO:0031094
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031094
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A network of membrane-bounded compartments found in blood platelets, where they regulate platelet activation by sequestering or releasing calcium. The dense tubular network exists as thin elongated membranes in resting platelets, and undergoes a major ultrastructural change, to a rounded vesicular form, upon addition of thrombin. [PMID:1322202]


systematic_name: M17624
exact_source: GO:0031143
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031143
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A temporary protrusion or retractile process of a cell, associated with flowing movements of the protoplasm, and serving for locomotion and feeding. [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M17219
exact_source: GO:0031201
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031201
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers. One well-characterized example is the neuronal SNARE complex formed of synaptobrevin 2, syntaxin 1a, and SNAP-25. [GOC:bhm, GOC:pr, PMID:10872468, PMID:19450911]


systematic_name: M25729
exact_source: GO:0031209
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031209
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A pentameric complex that includes orthologues of human PIR121, Nap1, Abi, SCAR, and HSPC300 and regulates actin polymerization and/or depolymerization through small GTPase mediated signal transduction. [GOC:hla, GOC:pg, PMID:12181570, PMID:24036345, PMID:24630101]


systematic_name: M25730
exact_source: GO:0031211
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031211
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex of the endoplasmic reticulum that catalyzes S-palmitoylation, the addition of palmitate (C16:0) or other long-chain fatty acids to proteins at a cysteine residue. [GOC:jh]


systematic_name: M17565
exact_source: GO:0031234
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031234
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The component of a plasma membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to its cytoplasmic surface, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M17141
exact_source: GO:0031253
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031253
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a plasma membrane bounded cell surface projection. [GOC:krc, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25733
exact_source: GO:0031261
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031261
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein-DNA complex assembled at eukaryotic DNA replication origins immediately prior to the initiation of DNA replication. The preinitiation complex is formed by the assembly of additional proteins onto an existing prereplicative complex. In budding yeast, the additional proteins might include Cdc45p, Sld2p, Sld3p, Dpb11p, DNA polymerases, and others; in fission yeast the GINS complex is present. [GOC:bf, GOC:hjd, GOC:jl, GOC:pr, GOC:rb, GOC:vw, PMID:12694535, PMID:15194812, PMID:17230184]


systematic_name: M25734
exact_source: GO:0031264
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031264
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex formed by the association of signaling proteins with a death receptor upon ligand binding. The complex includes procaspases and death domain-containing proteins in addition to the ligand-bound receptor, and may control the activation of caspases 8 and 10. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:12628743, PMID:12655293, PMID:8521815]


systematic_name: M25735
exact_source: GO:0031265
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031265
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex formed upon binding of Fas/CD95/APO-1 to its ligand. The complex includes FADD/Mort1, procaspase-8/10 and c-FLIP in addition to the ligand-bound receptor. [PMID:12628743, PMID:12655293]


systematic_name: M17367
exact_source: GO:0031312
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031312
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The component of an organelle membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25739
exact_source: GO:0031314
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031314
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The component of mitochondrial inner membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M17672
exact_source: GO:0031332
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031332
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any protein complex that mediates the effects of small interfering RNAs on gene expression. Most known examples contain one or more members of the Argonaute family of proteins. [GOC:mah, PMID:14704433]


systematic_name: M25741
exact_source: GO:0031390
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031390
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A heptameric complex related to replication factor C, which loads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA and plays a vital role in chromosome cohesion. In Saccharomyces the subunits are known as Ctf18p, Rfc2p, Rfc3p, Rfc4p, Rfc5p, Dcc1p, and Ctf8p. [PMID:14614842]


systematic_name: M17435
exact_source: GO:0031414
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031414
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex that catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group to the N-terminal residue of a protein acceptor molecule. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25742
exact_source: GO:0031415
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031415
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A conserved complex that catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group to an N-terminal Ser, Ala, Gly, or Thr residue of a protein acceptor molecule. In Saccharomyces the complex includes Nat1p and Ard1p, and may contain additional proteins. [PMID:12890471]


systematic_name: M17208
exact_source: GO:0031430
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031430
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The midline of aligned thick filaments in a sarcomere; location of specific proteins that link thick filaments. Depending on muscle type the M band consists of different numbers of M lines. [GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M17643
exact_source: GO:0031461
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031461
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any ubiquitin ligase complex in which the catalytic core consists of a member of the cullin family and a RING domain protein; the core is associated with one or more additional proteins that confer substrate specificity. [PMID:15571813, PMID:15688063]


systematic_name: M25745
exact_source: GO:0031462
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031462
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul2 subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by an elongin-BC adaptor and a SOCS/BC box protein. [PMID:15571813, PMID:15688063]


systematic_name: M17683
exact_source: GO:0031463
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031463
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul3 subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by a BTB-domain-containing protein. [PMID:15571813, PMID:15688063]


systematic_name: M25746
exact_source: GO:0031464
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031464
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul4A subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by an adaptor protein. [PMID:15571813, PMID:15688063]


systematic_name: M25747
exact_source: GO:0031465
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031465
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul4B subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by unknown subunits. [PMID:15571813, PMID:15688063]


systematic_name: M25748
exact_source: GO:0031466
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031466
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul5 subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by an elongin-BC adaptor and a SOCS/BC box protein. [PMID:15571813, PMID:15688063]


systematic_name: M45307
exact_source: GO:0031499
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031499
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multiprotein complex having distributive polyadenylation activity of a variety of RNA substrates including hypomodified and incorrectly folded tRNAs, pre-snRNAs, pre-snoRNAs, incorrectly spliced or processed pre-mRNAs, cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), pre-rRNAs and rRNA fragments released as part of rRNA processing. In S. cerevisiae, the complex consists of either Pap2 (also known as Trf4) or Trf5, Air1 or Air2, and Mtr4, and is involved in RNA 3'-end processing and in RNA surveillance and quality control. [PMID:15173578, PMID:15828860, PMID:15935758, PMID:15935759, PMID:16373491, PMID:16374505, PMID:16431988, PMID:16973437, PMID:17410208, PMID:17652137]


systematic_name: M17253
exact_source: GO:0031514
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031514
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cilium which may have a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules and also contains molecular motors. It may beat with a whip-like pattern that promotes cell motility or transport of fluids and other cells across a cell surface, such as on epithelial cells that line the lumenal ducts of various tissues; or they may display a distinct twirling motion that directs fluid flow asymmetrically across the cellular surface to affect asymmetric body plan organization. Motile cilia can be found in single as well as multiple copies per cell. [GOC:cilia, GOC:dgh, GOC:kmv, PMID:17009929, PMID:20144998, PMID:22118931]


systematic_name: M17237
exact_source: GO:0031519
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031519
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A chromatin-associated multiprotein complex containing Polycomb Group proteins. In Drosophila, Polycomb group proteins are involved in the long-term maintenance of gene repression, and PcG protein complexes associate with Polycomb group response elements (PREs) in target genes to regulate higher-order chromatin structure. [PMID:9372908]


systematic_name: M25750
exact_source: GO:0031588
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031588
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that possesses nucleotide-dependent protein kinase activity. The nucleotide can be AMP (in S. pombe and human) or ADP (in S. cerevisiae). [GOC:bhm, GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


systematic_name: M17676
exact_source: GO:0031594
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031594
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The junction between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. In response to the arrival of action potentials, the presynaptic button releases molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane of the muscle fiber, leading to a change in post-synaptic potential. [GOC:nln]


systematic_name: M17675
exact_source: GO:0031672
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031672
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The dark-staining region of a sarcomere, in which myosin thick filaments are present; the center is traversed by the paler H zone, which in turn contains the M line. [ISBN:0321204131]


systematic_name: M16979
exact_source: GO:0031674
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031674
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A region of a sarcomere that appears as a light band on each side of the Z disc, comprising a region of the sarcomere where thin (actin) filaments are not overlapped by thick (myosin) filaments; contains actin, troponin, and tropomyosin; each sarcomere includes half of an I band at each end. [ISBN:0321204131]


systematic_name: M25755
exact_source: GO:0031931
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031931
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that contains at least TOR (target of rapamycin) and Raptor (regulatory-associated protein of TOR), or orthologs of, in complex with other signaling components. Mediates the phosphorylation and activation of S6K. In Saccharomyces, the complex contains Kog1p, Lst8p, Tco89p, and either Tor1p or Tor2p. [GOC:jh, PMID:15780592, PMID:16469695, PMID:21548787]


systematic_name: M46938
exact_source: GO:0031932
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031932
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that contains at least TOR (target of rapamycin) and Rictor (rapamycin-insensitive companion of TOR), or orthologs of, in complex with other signaling components. Mediates the phosphorylation and activation of PKB (also called AKT). In Saccharomyces, the complex contains Avo1p, Avo2p, Tsc11p, Lst8p, Bit61p, Slm1p, Slm2p, and Tor2p. [GOC:bf, GOC:jh, PMID:14736892, PMID:15780592, PMID:16469695, PMID:21548787]


systematic_name: M17711
exact_source: GO:0031965
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031965
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the nucleus and form the nuclear envelope; excludes the intermembrane space. [GOC:mah, GOC:pz]


systematic_name: M19995
exact_source: GO:0031967
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031967
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A double membrane structure enclosing an organelle, including two lipid bilayers and the region between them. In some cases, an organelle envelope may have more than two membranes. [GOC:mah, GOC:pz]


systematic_name: M17833
exact_source: GO:0031984
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031984
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A compartment that consists of a lumen and an enclosing membrane, and is part of an organelle. [GOC:mah, GOC:pz]


systematic_name: M17235
exact_source: GO:0031985
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0031985
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any of the thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments that form the central portion of the Golgi complex. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25757
exact_source: GO:0032009
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032009
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle as initially formed upon the ingestion of particulate material by phagocytosis. [GOC:mah, PMID:12388753]


systematic_name: M25758
exact_source: GO:0032010
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032010
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by maturation of an early phagosome following the ingestion of particulate material by phagocytosis; during maturation, phagosomes acquire markers of late endosomes and lysosomes. [GOC:mah, PMID:12388753, PMID:14733906]


systematic_name: M17630
exact_source: GO:0032039
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032039
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that stably associates with the C-terminus of RNA polymerase II and mediates 3'-end processing of small nuclear RNAs generated by RNA polymerase II. [PMID:16239144]


systematic_name: M17415
exact_source: GO:0032040
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032040
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A large ribonucleoprotein complex that is an early preribosomal complex. In S. cerevisiae, it has a size of 80S and consists of the 35S pre-rRNA, early-associating ribosomal proteins most of which are part of the small ribosomal subunit, the U3 snoRNA and associated proteins. [GOC:krc, GOC:vw, PMID:12068309, PMID:12957375, PMID:15120992, PMID:15590835]


systematic_name: M25759
exact_source: GO:0032045
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032045
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25760
exact_source: GO:0032059
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032059
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cell extension caused by localized decoupling of the cytoskeleton from the plasma membrane and characterized by rapid formation, rounded shape, and scarcity of organelles within the protrusion. Blebs are formed during apoptosis and other cellular processes, including cell locomotion, cell division, and as a result of physical or chemical stresses. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:12083798, PMID:16624291, Wikipedia:Bleb_(cell_biology)]


systematic_name: M25761
exact_source: GO:0032133
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032133
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A eukaryotically conserved protein complex that localizes to kinetochores in early mitosis, the spindle mid-zone in anaphase B and to the telophase midbody. It has been proposed that the passenger complex coordinates various events based on its location to different structures during the course of mitosis. Complex members include the BIR-domain-containing protein Survivin, Aurora kinase, INCENP and Borealin. [GOC:vw, PMID:16824200, PMID:19570910]


systematic_name: M17397
exact_source: GO:0032153
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032153
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The eventual plane of cell division (also known as cell cleavage or cytokinesis) in a dividing cell. In Eukaryotes, the cleavage apparatus, composed of septin structures and the actomyosin contractile ring, forms along this plane, and the mitotic, or meiotic, spindle is aligned perpendicular to the division plane. In bacteria, the cell division site is generally located at mid-cell and is the site at which the cytoskeletal structure, the Z-ring, assembles. [GOC:bf, GOC:imk, GOC:krc, GOC:ns, PMID:12101122, PMID:15380095, PMID:16983191, PMID:18165305]


systematic_name: M25762
exact_source: GO:0032154
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032154
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The cleavage furrow is a plasma membrane invagination at the cell division site. The cleavage furrow begins as a shallow groove and eventually deepens to divide the cytoplasm. [GOC:vw, ISBN:0805319409]


systematic_name: M43113
exact_source: GO:0032156
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032156
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of septins and associated proteins. Includes septin cytoskeleton-associated complexes. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25764
exact_source: GO:0032280
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032280
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A synapse that lacks an electron dense postsynaptic specialization. In vertebtrates, these occur primarily on dendrite shafts and neuronal cell bodies and involve persynapses containing clusters of predominantly flattened or elongated vesicles and are typcially inhibitory. [GOC:dgh, GOC:ef]


systematic_name: M17189
exact_source: GO:0032281
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032281
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. The AMPA receptors mediate fast synaptic transmission in the CNS and are composed of subunits GluR1-4, products from separate genes. These subunits have an extracellular N-terminus and an intracellular C-terminus. [GOC:ef]


systematic_name: M17515
exact_source: GO:0032391
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032391
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The portion of the photoreceptor cell cilium linking the photoreceptor inner and outer segments. It's considered to be equivalent to the ciliary transition zone. [GOC:cilia, PMID:15917207, PMID:22653444, PMID:8718680]


systematic_name: M17285
exact_source: GO:0032421
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032421
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A bundle of cross-linked stereocilia, arranged around a kinocilium on the apical surface of a sensory hair cell (e.g. a neuromast, auditory or vestibular hair cell). Stereocilium bundles act as mechanosensory organelles by responding to fluid motion or fluid pressure changes. [GOC:ecd, PMID:15661519, PMID:7840137]


systematic_name: M25766
exact_source: GO:0032426
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032426
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A distinct compartment at the tip of a stereocilium, distal to the site of attachment to the apical cell surface. It consists of a dense matrix bridging the barbed ends of the stereocilium actin filaments with the overlying plasma membrane, is dynamic compared to the shaft, and is required for stereocilium elongation. [GOC:ecd, GOC:krc, PMID:17021180, PMID:27565685]


systematic_name: M17227
exact_source: GO:0032432
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032432
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An assembly of actin filaments that are on the same axis but may be oriented with the same or opposite polarities and may be packed with different levels of tightness. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25767
exact_source: GO:0032437
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032437
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A dense network of actin filaments found beneath the apical cell surface of hair cells, and into which stereocilia are inserted. [PMID:12485990, PMID:2592408, PMID:8071151]


systematic_name: M43114
exact_source: GO:0032449
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032449
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex comprising Bcl10, MALT1 and a CARD domain-containing protein (CARD9, CARD10 or CARD11); plays a role in signal transduction during NF-kappaB activation. [PMID:12909454, PMID:30467369]


systematic_name: M48588
exact_source: GO:0032476
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032476
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex that possesses polyprenyl diphosphate synthase activity involved in the synthesis of the isoprenoid chain of ubiquinone whose length varies between organisms. [GOC:mah, PMID:14519123, PMID:16262699]


systematic_name: M25768
exact_source: GO:0032541
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032541
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cortical network of highly dynamic tubules that are juxtaposed to the plasma membrane and undergo ring closure and tubule-branching movements. [GOC:se, PMID:10931860, PMID:17686782]


systematic_name: M17806
exact_source: GO:0032580
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032580
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the thin, flattened compartments that form the central portion of the Golgi complex. [GOC:ecd, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M17785
exact_source: GO:0032588
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032588
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments that make up the trans-Golgi network. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25772
exact_source: GO:0032593
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032593
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A small membrane-bounded vesicle that releases its contents by exocytosis in response to insulin stimulation; the contents are enriched in GLUT4, IRAP and VAMP2. [PMID:17644329]


systematic_name: M25773
exact_source: GO:0032783
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032783
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A transcription elongation factor complex that increases the overall rate of RNA polymerase II transcription elongation by suppressing transient polymerase pausing. At minimum, the complex contains a transcription factor of the ELL family, an EAF protein, and an AFF family protein or distant relative and most likely also P-TEFb and AF9 or ENL. The complex is conserved from yeast to humans. In Schizosaccharomyces pombe it contains Ell1, Eaf1, and Ebp1, but it is absent from S. cerevisiae. [PMID:17150956, PMID:30102332]


systematic_name: M17107
exact_source: GO:0032797
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032797
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that contains the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein and at least eight additional integral components, including the Gemin2-8 and Unrip proteins; the complex is found in the cytoplasm and in nuclear Gems, and is involved in spliceosomal snRNP assembly in the cytoplasm and in pre-mRNA splicing in the nucleus. [PMID:16434402, PMID:17023415]


systematic_name: M17579
exact_source: GO:0032806
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032806
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that phosphorylates amino acid residues of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain repeats; phosphorylation occurs mainly on Ser2 and Ser5. [PMID:15047695, PMID:16721054, PMID:17079683]


systematic_name: M17213
exact_source: GO:0032982
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032982
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A supramolecular fiber containing myosin heavy chains, plus associated light chains and other proteins, in which the myosin heavy chains are arranged into a filament. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M45966
exact_source: GO:0032983
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032983
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. Kainate receptors are multimeric assemblies of GluK1-3 (also called GluR5-7), GluK4 (KA1) and GluK5 (KA2) subunits. [GOC:bf, http://www.bris.ac.uk/Depts/Synaptic/info/glutamate.html, PMID:18655795]


systematic_name: M17754
exact_source: GO:0032994
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032994
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A macromolecular complex containing separate protein and lipid molecules. Separate in this context means not covalently bound to each other. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M43115
exact_source: GO:0032997
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0032997
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex composed of a subunit or subunits capable of binding the Fc portion of an immunoglobulin with additional signaling components. The complex functions as a receptor for immunoglobulin. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149]


systematic_name: M25776
exact_source: GO:0033010
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033010
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A highly specialized cell-cell junction found in vertebrates, which forms between a neuron and a glial cell, and has structural similarity to Drosophila septate junctions. It flanks the node of Ranvier in myelinated nerve and electrically isolates the myelinated from unmyelinated nerve segments and physically separates the voltage-gated sodium channels at the node from the cluster of potassium channels underneath the myelin sheath. [PMID:11395001, PMID:14630217]


systematic_name: M43116
exact_source: GO:0033011
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033011
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A condensed cytoplasmic structure that covers the nucleus of mammalian spermatozoa except for a narrow zone around the insertion of the tail. It shows two distinct regions, a subacrosomal layer and, continuing caudally beyond the acrosomic system, the postacrosomal sheath. The perinuclear theca has been considered a cytoskeletal scaffold responsible for maintaining the overall architecture of the mature sperm head; however, recent studies indicate that the bulk of its constituent proteins are not traditional cytoskeletal proteins but rather a variety of cytosolic proteins. [PMID:17289678, PMID:8025156]


systematic_name: M25778
exact_source: GO:0033061
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033061
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex containing accessory proteins which bind a recombinase (e.g. Rad51) and bind single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), and promote nucleation of the recombinase onto ssDNA through facilitating recombinase-RPA exchange. [GOC:elh, GOC:mah, GOC:vw, InterPro:IPR003488, PMID:12912992, PMID:32414915]


systematic_name: M25779
exact_source: GO:0033093
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033093
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A large, elongated, rod-shaped secretory granule characteristic of vascular endothelial cells that contain a number of structurally and functionally distinct proteins, of which the best characterized are von Willebrand factor (VWF) and P-selectin. Weibel-Palade bodies are formed from the trans-Golgi network in a process that depends on VWF, which is densely packed in a highly organized manner, and on coat proteins that remain associated with the granules. Upon cell stimulation, regulated exocytosis releases the contained proteins to the cell surface, where they act in the recruitment of platelets and leukocytes and in inflammatory and vasoactive responses. [PMID:11935287, PMID:16087708]


systematic_name: M17564
exact_source: GO:0033116
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033116
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi intermediate compartment system. [GOC:mah, GOC:pr, PMID:16723730]


systematic_name: M34350
exact_source: GO:0033165
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033165
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A specialized extracellularc matrix that surrounds the photoreceptors of the retina and lies between them and the apical surface of the retinal pigment epithelium. The IPM has been implicated in several important activities required for photoreceptor function and maintenance. [http://www.glycoforum.gr.jp/science/hyaluronan/HA17/HA17E.html, PMID:1862095, PMID:2194288]


systematic_name: M17752
exact_source: GO:0033176
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033176
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that couples ATP hydrolysis to the transport of protons across a concentration gradient. The resulting transmembrane electrochemical potential of H+ is used to drive a variety of (i) secondary active transport systems via H+-dependent symporters and antiporters and (ii) channel-mediated transport systems. The complex comprises a membrane sector (V0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (V1) that catalyzes ATP hydrolysis. V-type ATPases are found in the membranes of organelles such as vacuoles, endosomes, and lysosomes, and in the plasma membrane. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16449553]


systematic_name: M17136
exact_source: GO:0033177
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033177
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and carries out proton transport across a membrane. The proton-transporting domain (F0, V0, or A0) includes integral and peripheral membrane proteins. [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056]


systematic_name: M17347
exact_source: GO:0033178
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033178
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis or synthesis. The catalytic domain (F1, V1, or A1) comprises a hexameric catalytic core and a central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the membrane when the two-sector ATPase is assembled. [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056]


systematic_name: M25782
exact_source: GO:0033179
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033179
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase and mediates proton transport across a membrane. The V0 complex consists of at least four different subunits (a,c,d and e); six or more c subunits form a proton-binding rotor ring. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16449553]


systematic_name: M25783
exact_source: GO:0033180
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033180
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis. The V1 complex consists of: (1) a globular headpiece with three alternating copies of subunits A and B that form a ring, (2) a central rotational stalk composed of single copies of subunits D and F, and (3) a peripheral stalk made of subunits C, E, G and H. Subunits A and B mediate the hydrolysis of ATP at three reaction sites associated with subunit A. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16449553]


systematic_name: M45311
exact_source: GO:0033263
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033263
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multimeric protein complex that acts as an endosomal tethering complex (CORVET = class C core vacuole/endosome tethering) by cooperating with Rab GTPases to capture endosomal vesicles and trap them prior to the action of SNAREs; the complex is involved in endo-lysosomal biogenesis and required for transport between endosome and vacuole. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae complex contains Vps8p, Vps3p, Pep5p, Vps16p, Pep3p, and Vps33p. [PMID:17488625]


systematic_name: M17250
exact_source: GO:0033268
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033268
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An axon part that is a gap in the myelin where voltage-gated sodium channels cluster and saltatory conduction is executed. [GOC:mh]


systematic_name: M17277
exact_source: GO:0033270
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033270
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An axon part that is located adjacent to the nodes of Ranvier and surrounded by lateral loop portions of myelin sheath. [GOC:mah, GOC:mh, NIF_Subcellular:sao936144858]


systematic_name: M17338
exact_source: GO:0033276
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033276
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that does not contain either a TATA-binding protein (TBP) or a TBP-like factor, but is composed of several TAFIIs and other proteins, including a histone acetyltransferase. This complex is able to nucleate transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II, can mediate transcriptional activation, and has histone acetyltransferase activity. [PMID:10373431, PMID:9603525]


systematic_name: M46939
exact_source: GO:0033290
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033290
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The protein-ribosome-tRNA complex that has just recognized the start codon of a capped mRNA. It is composed of the small ribosomal subunit, eukaryote initiation factors (eIF) eIF3 complex, eIF1, eIF1A, eIF2-GDP, eIF4 complex and initiatior-methionine-tRNA. Recognition of the start codon triggers downstream steps in the pathway, including eIF1 dissociation; Pi release from eIF2; and conversion to the closed, scanning-arrested conformation of the PIC. [GOC:hjd, PMID:16510876, PMID:24319994, PMID:24499181, PMID:29735639]


systematic_name: M17649
exact_source: GO:0033391
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033391
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ribonucleoprotein complex found in the cytoplasm of male germ cells, composed of exceedingly thin filaments that are consolidated into a compact mass or into dense strands of varying thickness that branch to form an irregular network. Contains mRNAs, miRNAs, and protein components involved in miRNA processing (such as Argonaute proteins and the endonuclease Dicer) and in RNA decay (such as the decapping enzyme DCP1a and GW182). [PMID:17183363]


systematic_name: M25787
exact_source: GO:0033588
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0033588
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A heterohexameric protein complex composed two discrete heterotrimeric subcomplexes that is involved in modification of wobble nucleosides in tRNA. [GOC:bhm, GOC:jh, GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:11435442, PMID:11689709, PMID:15769872, PMID:17018299, PMID:18755837, PMID:23165209]


systematic_name: M25791
exact_source: GO:0034045
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034045
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cellular membrane associated with the phagophore assembly site. [GOC:mah, GOC:rph, PMID:16874040, PMID:17382324]


systematic_name: M25792
exact_source: GO:0034098
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034098
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multiprotein ATPase complex required for the efficient dislocation of ER-lumenal degradation substrates, and their subsequent proteolysis by the proteasome. In budding yeast, this complex includes Cdc48p, Npl4p and Ufd1p proteins. In mammals, this complex includes a hexamer of VCP/p97 (a cytosolic ATPase) and trimers of each of its cofactors UFD1L and NPL4 (NPLOC4) (e.g. a 6:3:3 stoichiometry). [PMID:11813000, PMID:16179952]


systematic_name: M46940
exact_source: GO:0034274
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034274
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex required for the expansion of the autophagosomal membrane. In budding yeast, this complex consists of Atg12p, Atg5p and Atg16p. [GOC:rb, PMID:17986448]


systematic_name: M16983
exact_source: GO:0034362
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034362
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A lipoprotein particle, rich in cholesterol esters and low in triglycerides that is typically composed of APOB100 and APOE and has a density of 1.02-1.06 g/ml and a diameter of between 20-25 nm. LDL particles are formed from VLDL particles (via IDL) by the loss of triglyceride and gain of cholesterol ester. They transport endogenous cholesterol (and to some extent triglycerides) from peripheral tissues back to the liver. [GOC:BHF, GOC:expert_pt, GOC:mah, GOC:rl]


systematic_name: M17271
exact_source: GO:0034364
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034364
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A lipoprotein particle with a high density (typically 1.063-1.21 g/ml) and a diameter of 5-10 nm that contains APOAs and may contain APOCs and APOE; found in blood and carries lipids from body tissues to the liver as part of the reverse cholesterol transport process. [GOC:BHF, GOC:expert_pt, GOC:mah, GOC:pde, GOC:rl]


systematic_name: M25794
exact_source: GO:0034366
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034366
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A mature high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle, converted from discoidal HDL particles following the esterification of cholesterol in the particle by phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase (lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase; LCAT). [GOC:BHF, GOC:expert_pt, GOC:mah, GOC:rl]


systematic_name: M25795
exact_source: GO:0034385
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034385
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A plasma lipoprotein particle that has a hydrophobic core enriched in triglycerides surrounded by an amphipathic monolayer of phospholipids, cholesterol and apolipoproteins. Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particles transport lipids, which are non-covalently associated with the particles, in the blood. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:rl]


systematic_name: M25796
exact_source: GO:0034388
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034388
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that forms a subcomplex of the 90S preribosome and can interact directly with the 5' External Transcribed Spacer (ETS) of the full length pre-rRNA transcript. In S. cerevisiae, it sediments at 25-30 S and is composed of Pwp2p, Dip2p, Utp21p, Utp13p, Utp18p, and Utp6p. [GOC:krc, PMID:15231838]


systematic_name: M17813
exact_source: GO:0034451
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034451
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A small (70-100 nm) cytoplasmic granule that contains a number of centrosomal proteins; centriolar satellites traffic toward microtubule minus ends and are enriched near the centrosome. [GOC:BHF, PMID:10579718, PMID:12403812]


systematic_name: M25798
exact_source: GO:0034464
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034464
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ciliary protein complex involved in cilium biogenesis. It consists of at least seven Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) proteins and BBIP10. It moves in association with IFT trains through cilia (likely as an IFT-A/B adaptor or cargo), and is required for the integrity of IFT-A and IFT-B. [GOC:BHF, GOC:cilia, PMID:15231740, PMID:17574030, PMID:26498262]


systematic_name: M43117
exact_source: GO:0034506
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034506
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The innermost portion of the centromeric region of a chromosome, encompassing the core region of a chromosome centromere and the proteins that bind to it. [GOC:mah, GOC:vw]


systematic_name: M16982
exact_source: GO:0034518
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034518
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that binds to an RNA cap structure to mediate RNA processing and/or translation initiation. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M43118
exact_source: GO:0034657
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034657
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex with ubiquitin ligase activity that, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is involved in proteasomal degradation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase during the transition from gluconeogenic to glycolytic growth conditions. It appears to play a broader role in cellular homeostasis and development in other species. [PMID:12686616, PMID:18508925, PMID:35682545]


systematic_name: M17527
exact_source: GO:0034663
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034663
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that is located in the endoplasmic reticulum and is composed of chaperone proteins, including BiP, GRP94; CaBP1, protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), ERdj3, cyclophilin B, ERp72, GRP170, UDP-glucosyltransferase, and SDF2-L1. [PMID:12475965]


systematic_name: M43119
exact_source: GO:0034702
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034702
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that spans a membrane and forms a water-filled channel across the phospholipid bilayer allowing selective monoatomic ion transport down its electrochemical gradient. [GOC:mah, ISBN:071673706X]


systematic_name: M17804
exact_source: GO:0034709
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034709
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A large (20 S) protein complex that possesses protein arginine methyltransferase activity and modifies specific arginines to dimethylarginines in the arginine- and glycine-rich domains of several spliceosomal Sm proteins, thereby targeting these proteins to the survival of motor neurons (SMN) complex for assembly into small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) core particles. Proteins found in the methylosome include the methyltransferase JBP1 (PRMT5), pICln (CLNS1A), MEP50 (WDR77), and unmethylated forms of SM proteins that have RG domains. [PMID:11713266, PMID:11756452]


systematic_name: M25799
exact_source: GO:0034715
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034715
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that contains pICln (CLNS1A) and several Sm proteins, including SmD1, SmD2, SmE, SmF, and SmG. [GOC:mah, PMID:11713266]


systematic_name: M17556
exact_source: GO:0034719
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034719
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex formed by the association of several methylated Sm proteins with the SMN complex; the latter contains the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein and at least eight additional integral components, including the Gemin2-8 and unrip proteins; additional proteins, including galectin-1 and galectin-3, are also found in the SMN-SM complex. The SMN-Sm complex is involved in spliceosomal snRNP assembly in the cytoplasm. [GOC:vw, PMID:11522829, PMID:17401408]


systematic_name: M40601
exact_source: GO:0034751
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034751
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that acts as an aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor. Cytosolic and nuclear Ah receptor complexes have different subunit composition, but both contain the ligand-binding subunit AhR. [GOC:mah, PMID:7598497]


systematic_name: M29425
exact_source: GO:0034992
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0034992
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A region of the nuclear envelope to which a microtubule organizing center (MTOC) attaches; protein complexes embedded in the nuclear envelope mediate direct or indirect linkages between the microtubule cytoskeleton and the nuclear envelope. [GOC:mah, PMID:18692466]


systematic_name: M25800
exact_source: GO:0035032
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035032
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex that contains a catalytic class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) subunit bound to a regulatory (adaptor) subunit. Additional adaptor proteins may be present. Class III PI3Ks have a substrate specificity restricted to phosphatidylinositol (PI). [GOC:bf, PMID:9255069]


systematic_name: M45312
exact_source: GO:0035060
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035060
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A SWI/SNF-type complex that contains 8 to 14 proteins, including both conserved (core) and nonconserved components; contains the ATPase product of the Drosophila brm (brahma) or mammalian SMARCA2/BAF190B/BRM gene, or an ortholog thereof. [GOC:bhm, PMID:10809665, PMID:12482982]


systematic_name: M48590
exact_source: GO:0035061
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035061
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A class of nuclear body measuring 20-25 nm in diameter and distributed throughout the interchromatin space, linked together by thin fibrils. They are believed to be storage centers for various snRNAs, snRNPs, serine/arginine-rich proteins and RNA polymerase II. A typical mammalian cell contains 25-50 clusters of interchromatin granules. Interchromatin granule clusters do not contain the heterogeneous nuclear RNA-binding proteins (hnRNPs). [GOC:bf, PMID:10984439]


systematic_name: M17390
exact_source: GO:0035097
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035097
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multimeric complex that is able to catalyze the addition of methyl groups to histone proteins. [GOC:bf]


systematic_name: M17640
exact_source: GO:0035098
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035098
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multimeric protein complex that can methylate lysine-27 and lysine-9 residues of histone H3. In Drosophila the core subunits of the complex include ESC, E(Z), CAF1 (NURF-55) and SU(Z)12. In mammals the core subunits of the complex include EED, EZH2, SUZ12 and RBBP4. [GOC:bf, GOC:sp, PMID:12408863, PMID:12408864, PMID:20064375]


systematic_name: M17402
exact_source: GO:0035102
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035102
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multiprotein complex that mediates monoubiquitination of lysine residues of histone H2A (lysine-118 in Drosophila or lysine-119 in mammals). The complex is required for stable long-term maintenance of transcriptionally repressed states and is involved in chromatin remodeling. [GOC:bf, PMID:10412979]


systematic_name: M17292
exact_source: GO:0035145
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035145
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multi-subunit complex deposited by the spliceosome upstream of messenger RNA exon-exon junctions. The exon-exon junction complex provides a binding platform for factors involved in mRNA export and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. [PMID:11532962, PMID:11743026]


systematic_name: M25802
exact_source: GO:0035253
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035253
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cytoskeleton-like structure, originating from the basal body at the proximal end of a cilium, and extending proximally toward the cell nucleus. Rootlets are typically 80-100 nm in diameter and contain cross striae distributed at regular intervals of approximately 55-70 nm. [GOC:cilia, PMID:12427867]


systematic_name: M17391
exact_source: GO:0035371
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035371
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The growing (plus) end of a microtubule. In vitro, microtubules polymerize more quickly at the plus end than at the minus end. In vivo, microtubule growth occurs only at the plus end, and the plus end switches between periods of growth and shortening, a behavior known as dynamic instability. [GOC:bf, GOC:lb, PMID:12700769, PMID:16643273]


systematic_name: M25803
exact_source: GO:0035577
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035577
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The lipid bilayer surrounding an azurophil granule, a primary lysosomal granule found in neutrophil granulocytes that contains a wide range of hydrolytic enzymes and is released into the extracellular fluid. [GOC:bf, PMID:17152095]


systematic_name: M25804
exact_source: GO:0035578
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035578
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The volume enclosed by the membrane of an azurophil granule, a primary lysosomal granule found in neutrophil granulocytes that contains a wide range of hydrolytic enzymes and is released into the extracellular fluid. [GOC:bf, PMID:17152095]


systematic_name: M25805
exact_source: GO:0035579
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035579
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The lipid bilayer surrounding a specific granule, a granule with a membranous, tubular internal structure, found primarily in mature neutrophil cells. Most are released into the extracellular fluid. Specific granules contain lactoferrin, lysozyme, vitamin B12 binding protein and elastase. [GOC:bf, PMID:7334549]


systematic_name: M25806
exact_source: GO:0035580
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035580
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The volume enclosed by the membrane of a specific granule, a granule with a membranous, tubular internal structure, found primarily in mature neutrophil cells. Most are released into the extracellular fluid. Specific granules contain lactoferrin, lysozyme, vitamin B12 binding protein and elastase. [GOC:bf, PMID:7334549]


systematic_name: M17111
exact_source: GO:0035631
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035631
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that contains at least CD40 (a cell surface receptor of the tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily), and other signaling molecules. [GOC:BHF, PMID:20614026, PMID:9221764]


systematic_name: M25807
exact_source: GO:0035658
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035658
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) and converts Rab-GDP to Rab-GTP. In S. cerevisiae, this complex consists of at least Mon1 and Ccz1, and serves as a GEF for the Rab Ypt7p. [GOC:rb, PMID:20797862]


systematic_name: M25808
exact_source: GO:0035686
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035686
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cytoskeletal structure surrounding the axoneme and outer dense fibers of the sperm flagellum. Consists of two longitudinal columns connected by closely arrayed semicircular ribs that assemble from distal to proximal throughout spermiogenesis. The fibrous sheath probably influences the degree of flexibility, plane of flagellar motion, and the shape of the flagellar beat. [GOC:BHF, GOC:cilia, GOC:krc, PMID:20731842, PMID:3282552]


systematic_name: M17325
exact_source: GO:0035770
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035770
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A non-membranous macromolecular complex containing proteins and translationally silenced mRNAs. RNA granules contain proteins that control the localization, stability, and translation of their RNA cargo. Different types of RNA granules (RGs) exist, depending on the cell type and cellular conditions. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:sp, PMID:16520386, PMID:20368989, PMID:21436445]


systematic_name: M40602
exact_source: GO:0035805
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035805
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A specialized extracellular matrix that surrounds the plasma membrane of the ovum of animals. The egg coat provides structural support and can play an essential role in oogenesis, fertilization and early development. [PMID:16944418, PMID:17163408]


systematic_name: M25811
exact_source: GO:0035859
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035859
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A GTPase-activating protein (GAP) complex that regulates TORC1 signaling by interacting with the Rag GTPase. In S. cerevisiae the complex contains Seh1p, Sec13p, Npr2p, Npr3p, Iml1p, Mtc5p, Rtc1p, and Sea4p. [GOC:jh, PMID:21454883, PMID:23974112]


systematic_name: M17800
exact_source: GO:0035861
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035861
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A region of a chromosome at which a DNA double-strand break has occurred. DNA damage signaling and repair proteins accumulate at the lesion to respond to the damage and repair the DNA to form a continuous DNA helix. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:20096808, PMID:21035408]


systematic_name: M17385
exact_source: GO:0035869
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035869
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A region of the cilium between the basal body and proximal segment that is characterized by Y-shaped assemblages that connect axonemal microtubules to the ciliary membrane. The ciliary transition zone appears to function as a gate that controls ciliary membrane composition and separates the cytosol from the ciliary plasm. [GOC:cilia, GOC:kmv, PMID:21422230]


systematic_name: M43121
exact_source: GO:0035976
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0035976
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A heterodimeric transcription factor complex composed of proteins from the c-Fos, c-Jun, activating transcription factor (ATF) or JDP families. The subunits contain a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain that is essential for dimerization and DNA binding. Jun-Fos heterodimers bind preferentially to a heptamer consensus sequence (TPA responsive element (TRE)), whereas Jun-ATF dimers bind the cyclic AMP responsive element (CRE) to regulate transcription of target genes. [GOC:bf, GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, PMID:20060892, PMID:9069263, Wikipedia:AP-1_transcription_factor]


systematic_name: M16986
exact_source: GO:0036019
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0036019
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An transient hybrid organelle formed by fusion of a late endosome with a lysosome, and in which active degradation takes place. [GOC:pde, PMID:21878991]


systematic_name: M17477
exact_source: GO:0036020
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0036020
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The lipid bilayer surrounding an endolysosome. An endolysosome is a transient hybrid organelle formed by fusion of a late endosome with a lysosome. [GOC:pde]


systematic_name: M25813
exact_source: GO:0036021
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0036021
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The volume enclosed by the membrane of an endolysosome. An endolysosome is a transient hybrid organelle formed by fusion of a late endosome with a lysosome. [GOC:pde]


systematic_name: M25814
exact_source: GO:0036038
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0036038
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that is located at the ciliary transition zone and consists of several proteins some of which are membrane bound. Acts as an organiser of transition zone inner structure, specifically the Y-shaped links, in conjunction with the NPHP complex. The MKS complex also acts as part of the selective barrier that prevents diffusion of proteins between the ciliary cytoplasm and cellular cytoplasm as well as between the ciliary membrane and plasma membrane. [GOC:cilia, GOC:sp, PMID:21422230, PMID:21565611, PMID:21725307, PMID:22179047, PMID:25869670, PMID:26595381, PMID:26982032]


systematic_name: M25815
exact_source: GO:0036056
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0036056
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A specialized cell-cell junction found between the cells of the excretory system, which provides a barrier for filtration of blood or hemolymph. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10, GOC:sart, PMID:18971929]


systematic_name: M17784
exact_source: GO:0036064
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0036064
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A membrane-tethered, short cylindrical array of microtubules and associated proteins found at the base of a eukaryotic cilium (also called flagellum) that is similar in structure to a centriole and derives from it. The cilium basal body is the site of assembly and remodeling of the cilium and serves as a nucleation site for axoneme growth. As well as anchoring the cilium, it is thought to provide a selective gateway regulating the entry of ciliary proteins and vesicles by intraflagellar transport. [GOC:cilia, GOC:clt, PMID:21750193]


systematic_name: M25816
exact_source: GO:0036128
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0036128
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A sperm-specific voltage-gated calcium channel that controls the intracellular calcium ion concentration and, thereby, the swimming behavior of sperm. Consists of a heteromeric tetramer surrounding a calcium ion- selective pore. May also contain additional auxiliary subunits. [GOC:sp, PMID:17478420, PMID:21224844, PMID:22354039]


systematic_name: M43122
exact_source: GO:0036156
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0036156
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Inner arm structure present on the outer doublet microtubules of ciliary and flagellar axonemes. The structure of inner dynein arms is complex and may vary within the axoneme. Inner dynein arms are heteromeric, comprising 8 different heavy chains and various subunits. Inner and outer dynein arms have different functions in the generation of microtubule-based motility. [GOC:BHF, GOC:vk, PMID:19347929, PMID:2557057, PMID:7962092]


systematic_name: M25817
exact_source: GO:0036157
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0036157
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Outer arm structure present on the outer doublet microtubules of ciliary and flagellar axonemes. Outer dynein arms contain 2-3 heavy chains, two or more intermediate chains and a cluster of 4-8 light chains. Inner and outer dynein arms have different functions in the generation of microtubule-based motility. [GOC:BHF, GOC:vk, PMID:2557057, PMID:6218174]


systematic_name: M17139
exact_source: GO:0036379
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0036379
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any of the smallest contractile units of a myofibril (striated muscle fiber). [Wikipedia:Myofilament]


systematic_name: M45313
exact_source: GO:0036396
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0036396
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A RNA methyltransferase complex that catalyzes the post-transcriptional methylation of adenosine to form N6-methyladenosine (m6A). In budding yeast, the MIS complex consists of Mum2p, Ime4p and Slz1p. In vertebrates, the complex consists of METTL3, METTL14 and associated components WTAP, ZC3H13, VIRMA, CBLL1/HAKAI and in some cases of RBM15 (RBM15 or RBM15B). [GOC:dgf, GOC:sp, PMID:22685417, PMID:24316715, PMID:24407421, PMID:29507755, PMID:29535189, PMID:29547716]


systematic_name: M17383
exact_source: GO:0036452
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0036452
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An endosomal sorting complex involved in membrane fission processes related to sorting of multivesicular bodies (MVB) in the endocytic pathway, cytokinesis and viral budding among other processes. [PMID:16689637, VZ:1536]


systematic_name: M17678
exact_source: GO:0036477
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0036477
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The region of a neuron that includes the cell body (cell soma) and dendrite(s), but excludes the axon. [GOC:pad, GOC:PARL]


systematic_name: M17821
exact_source: GO:0036513
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0036513
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that functions in the retrotranslocation step of ERAD (ER-associated protein degradation), and includes at its core Derlin-1 oligomers forming a retrotranslocation channel. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:15215856, PMID:16186510]


systematic_name: M17653
exact_source: GO:0038201
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0038201
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that contains at least TOR (target of rapamycin) in complex with other signaling components. Mediates the phosphorylation and activation of downstream signaling components including PKB (AKT) or S6K. [Wikipedia:MTORC1, Wikipedia:MTORC2]


systematic_name: M17113
exact_source: GO:0042101
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042101
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that contains a disulfide-linked heterodimer of T cell receptor (TCR) chains, which are members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, and mediates antigen recognition, ultimately resulting in T cell activation. The TCR heterodimer is associated with the CD3 complex, which consists of the nonpolymorphic polypeptides gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta, and, in some cases, eta (an RNA splice variant of zeta) or Fc epsilon chains. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0781735149]


systematic_name: M25820
exact_source: GO:0042105
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042105
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A T cell receptor complex in which the TCR heterodimer comprises alpha and beta chains, associated with the CD3 complex; recognizes a complex consisting of an antigen-derived peptide bound to a class I or class II MHC protein. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0781735149]


systematic_name: M45314
exact_source: GO:0042106
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042106
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A T cell receptor complex in which the TCR heterodimer comprises gamma and delta chains, associated with the CD3 complex; recognizes antigen directly, without a requirement for processing and presentation by an MHC protein. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0781735149]


systematic_name: M17522
exact_source: GO:0042175
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042175
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The continuous network of membranes encompassing the nuclear outer membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. [GOC:bf, GOC:jl, GOC:mah, GOC:mcc, GOC:pr, GOC:vw]


systematic_name: M43123
exact_source: GO:0042272
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042272
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that contains two proteins (know in several organisms, including Drosophila, as NXF1 and NXF2) and is required for the export of the majority of mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm; localized in the nucleoplasm and at both the nucleoplasmic and cytoplasmic faces of the nuclear pore complex; shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. [PMID:11780633]


systematic_name: M25821
exact_source: GO:0042382
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042382
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Discrete subnuclear bodies in the interchromatin nucleoplasmic space, often located adjacent to nuclear specks. 10-20 paraspeckles are typically found in human cell nuclei. [GOC:jl, PMID:11790299]


systematic_name: M17632
exact_source: GO:0042383
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042383
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers. [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M17187
exact_source: GO:0042555
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042555
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A hexameric protein complex required for the initiation and regulation of DNA replication. [GOC:jl, PMID:11282021]


systematic_name: M43124
exact_source: GO:0042564
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042564
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A dimer consisting of an alpha and a beta-subunit that imports proteins with an NLS into the nucleus through a nuclear pore. [GOC:jl, PMID:9323123, PMID:9323134, Wikipedia:Importin]


systematic_name: M29428
exact_source: GO:0042571
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042571
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An immunoglobulin complex that is secreted into extracellular space and found in mucosal areas or other tissues or circulating in the blood or lymph. In its canonical form, a circulating immunoglobulin complex is composed of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. Some forms of are polymers of the basic structure and contain additional components such as J-chain and the secretory component. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149]


systematic_name: M17064
exact_source: GO:0042575
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042575
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that possesses DNA polymerase activity and is involved in template directed synthesis of DNA. [GOC:jl, PMID:12045093]


systematic_name: M17410
exact_source: GO:0042579
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042579
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Cytoplasmic organelles, spherical or oval in shape, that are bounded by a single membrane and contain oxidative enzymes, especially those utilizing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M17358
exact_source: GO:0042581
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042581
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Granule with a membranous, tubular internal structure, found primarily in mature neutrophil cells. Most are released into the extracellular fluid. Specific granules contain lactoferrin, lysozyme, vitamin B12 binding protein and elastase. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0721662544, PMID:7334549]


systematic_name: M25823
exact_source: GO:0042582
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042582
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Primary lysosomal granule readily stainable with a Romanowsky stain. [GOC:jl, PMID:17152095, PMID:28717070, PMID:5914694, WIKIPEDIA:Azurophilic_granule]


systematic_name: M25824
exact_source: GO:0042583
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042583
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Specialized secretory vesicle found in the cells of adrenal glands and various other organs, which is concerned with the synthesis, storage, metabolism, and secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine. [GOC:jl, PMID:19158310, PMID:1961743]


systematic_name: M25825
exact_source: GO:0042584
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042584
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The lipid bilayer surrounding a chromaffin granule, a specialized secretory vesicle found in the cells of adrenal glands and various other organs, which is concerned with the synthesis, storage, metabolism, and secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine. [GOC:jl]


systematic_name: M25826
exact_source: GO:0042587
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042587
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Cytoplasmic bead-like structures of animal cells, visible by electron microscope. Each granule is a functional unit with the biosynthesis and catabolism of glycogen being catalyzed by enzymes bound to the granule surface. [GOC:jl, PMID:12179957]


systematic_name: M17055
exact_source: GO:0042588
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042588
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A membrane-bounded, cytoplasmic secretory granule found in enzyme-secreting cells and visible by light microscopy. Contain zymogen, an inactive enzyme precursor, often of a digestive enzyme. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M17648
exact_source: GO:0042599
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042599
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A membrane-bounded organelle, specialized for the storage and secretion of various substances (surfactant phospholipids, glycoproteins and acid phosphates) which are arranged in the form of tightly packed, concentric, membrane sheets or lamellae. Has some similar properties to, but is distinct from, a lysosome. [GOC:cjm, GOC:jl, PMID:12243725, Wikipedia:Lamellar_granule]


systematic_name: M17090
exact_source: GO:0042611
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042611
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A transmembrane protein complex composed of an MHC alpha chain and, in most cases, either an MHC class II beta chain or an invariant beta2-microglobin chain, and with or without a bound peptide, lipid, or polysaccharide antigen. [GOC:add, GOC:jl, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:15928678, PMID:16153240]


systematic_name: M17828
exact_source: GO:0042612
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042612
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A transmembrane protein complex composed of a MHC class I alpha chain and an invariant beta2-microglobin chain, and with or without a bound peptide antigen. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules. [GOC:add, GOC:jl, ISBN:0120781859, ISBN:0781735149]


systematic_name: M17666
exact_source: GO:0042613
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042613
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A transmembrane protein complex composed of an MHC class II alpha and MHC class II beta chain, and with or without a bound peptide or polysaccharide antigen. [GOC:add, GOC:jl, ISBN:0120781859, PMID:15928678]


systematic_name: M17838
exact_source: GO:0042627
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042627
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A large lipoprotein particle (diameter 75-1200 nm) composed of a central core of triglycerides and cholesterol surrounded by a protein-phospholipid coating. The proteins include one molecule of apolipoprotein B-48 and may include a variety of apolipoproteins, including APOAs, APOCs and APOE. Chylomicrons are found in blood or lymph and carry lipids from the intestines into other body tissues. [GOC:jl, GOC:rl, PMID:10580165]


systematic_name: M25828
exact_source: GO:0042719
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042719
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Soluble complex of the mitochondrial intermembrane space composed of various combinations of small Tim proteins; acts as a protein transporter to guide proteins to the Tim22 complex for insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane. [PMID:12581629]


systematic_name: M43125
exact_source: GO:0042721
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042721
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multi-subunit complex embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane that mediates the inner membrane insertion of multi-transmembrane spanning proteins that contain internal targeting elements. In yeast cells, TIM22 is a 300-kDa complex, consisting of four membrane integral subunits, Tim22, Tim54, Tim18 and Sdh3, and a peripheral chaperone complex consisting of the small TIM proteins, Tim9-Tim10-Tim12. [PMID:12191765, PMID:27554484]


systematic_name: M17453
exact_source: GO:0042734
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042734
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A specialized area of membrane of the axon terminal that faces the plasma membrane of the neuron or muscle fiber with which the axon terminal establishes a synaptic junction; many synaptic junctions exhibit structural presynaptic characteristics, such as conical, electron-dense internal protrusions, that distinguish it from the remainder of the axon plasma membrane. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M25830
exact_source: GO:0042765
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042765
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An enzyme complex which in humans and yeast consists of at least five proteins; for example, the complex contains GAA1, GPI8, PIG-S, PIG-U, and PIG-T in human, and Gaa1p, Gab1p, Gpi8p, Gpi16p, and Gpi17p in yeast. Catalyzes the posttranslational attachment of the carboxy-terminus of a precursor protein to a GPI-anchor. [GOC:jl, GOC:rb, PMID:12802054]


systematic_name: M25832
exact_source: GO:0042824
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042824
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A large, multisubunit complex which consists of the MHC class I-beta 2 microglobulin dimer, the transporter associated with antigen presentation (TAP), tapasin (an MHC-encoded membrane protein), the chaperone calreticulin and the thiol oxidoreductase ERp57. Functions in the assembly of peptides with newly synthesized MHC class I molecules. [GOC:jl, PMID:10631934]


systematic_name: M17822
exact_source: GO:0042827
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042827
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Electron-dense granule occurring in blood platelets that stores and secretes adenosine nucleotides and serotonin. They contain a highly condensed core consisting of serotonin, histamine, calcium, magnesium, ATP, ADP, pyrophosphate and membrane lysosomal proteins. [GOC:jl, PMID:10403682, PMID:11487378]


systematic_name: M15011
exact_source: GO:0043005
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043005
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite. [GOC:jl, http://www.cogsci.princeton.edu/~wn/]


systematic_name: M25833
exact_source: GO:0043020
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043020
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A enzyme complex of which the core is a heterodimer composed of a light (alpha) and heavy (beta) chain, and requires several other water-soluble proteins of cytosolic origin for activity. Functions in superoxide generation by the NADPH-dependent reduction of O2. [GOC:jl, PMID:11483596, PMID:12440767]


systematic_name: M17296
exact_source: GO:0043034
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043034
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Regular periodic sub membranous arrays of vinculin in skeletal and cardiac muscle cells, these arrays link Z-discs to the sarcolemma and are associated with links to extracellular matrix. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:6405378]


systematic_name: M17165
exact_source: GO:0043073
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043073
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The nucleus of a germ cell, a reproductive cell in multicellular organisms. [CL:0000586, GOC:go_curators]


systematic_name: M25834
exact_source: GO:0043083
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043083
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The narrow gap that separates the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes, into which neurotransmitter is released. [GOC:jl, http://synapses.mcg.edu/anatomy/chemical/synapse.stm]


systematic_name: M25836
exact_source: GO:0043190
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043190
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex for the transport of metabolites into and out of the cell, typically comprised of four domains; two membrane-associated domains and two ATP-binding domains at the intracellular face of the membrane, that form a central pore through the plasma membrane. Each of the four core domains may be encoded as a separate polypeptide or the domains can be fused in any one of a number of ways into multidomain polypeptides. In Bacteria and Archaebacteria, ABC transporters also include substrate binding proteins to bind substrate external to the cytoplasm and deliver it to the transporter. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:11421269, PMID:15111107]


systematic_name: M17224
exact_source: GO:0043194
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043194
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Portion of the axon proximal to the neuronal cell body, at the level of the axon hillock. The action potentials that propagate along the axon are generated at the level of this initial segment. [GOC:nln, GOC:sl, PMID:1754851, PMID:21551097]


systematic_name: M17765
exact_source: GO:0043195
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043195
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal bouton is a specialized region of it. [GOC:dph, GOC:mc, GOC:nln, PMID:10218156, PMID:8409967]


systematic_name: M25837
exact_source: GO:0043196
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043196
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Non-terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. [GOC:nln]


systematic_name: M17257
exact_source: GO:0043198
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043198
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Cylindric portion of the dendrite, directly stemming from the perikaryon, and carrying the dendritic spines. [GOC:nln]


systematic_name: M17315
exact_source: GO:0043209
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043209
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system. [GOC:cjm, GOC:jl, NIF_Subcellular:sao593830697, Wikipedia:Myelin]


systematic_name: M17251
exact_source: GO:0043218
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043218
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The portion of the myelin sheath in which layers of cell membrane are tightly juxtaposed, completely excluding cytoplasm. The juxtaposed cytoplasmic surfaces form the major dense line, while the juxtaposed extracellular surfaces form the interperiod line visible in electron micrographs. [GOC:dgh, NIF_Subcellular:sao1123256993]


systematic_name: M17528
exact_source: GO:0043220
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043220
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Regions within compact myelin in which the cytoplasmic faces of the enveloping myelin sheath are not tightly juxtaposed, and include cytoplasm from the cell responsible for making the myelin. Schmidt-Lanterman incisures occur in the compact myelin internode, while lateral loops are analogous structures found in the paranodal region adjacent to the nodes of Ranvier. [GOC:dgh]


systematic_name: M17559
exact_source: GO:0043235
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043235
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any protein complex that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function. [GOC:go_curators]


systematic_name: M17146
exact_source: GO:0043240
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043240
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex composed of the Fanconi anaemia (FA) proteins including A, C, E, G and F (FANCA-F). Functions in the activation of the downstream protein FANCD2 by monoubiquitylation, and is essential for protection against chromosome breakage. [GOC:jl, PMID:12093742]


systematic_name: M25839
exact_source: GO:0043256
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043256
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A large, extracellular glycoprotein complex composed of three different polypeptide chains, alpha, beta and gamma. Provides an integral part of the structural scaffolding of basement membranes. [GOC:jl, http://www.sdbonline.org/fly/newgene/laminna1.htm, PMID:10842354]


systematic_name: M6298
exact_source: GO:0043292
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043292
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Fibers, composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M4718
exact_source: GO:0043296
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043296
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A functional unit located near the cell apex at the points of contact between epithelial cells, which in vertebrates is composed of the tight junction, the zonula adherens, and desmosomes and in some invertebrates, such as Drosophila, is composed of the subapical complex (SAC), the zonula adherens and the septate junction. Functions in the regulation of cell polarity, tissue integrity and intercellular adhesion and permeability. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:kmv, PMID:12525486, PMID:15196556]


systematic_name: M34353
exact_source: GO:0043527
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043527
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multimeric protein complex involved in the methylation of specific nucleotides in tRNA. [GOC:jl, PMID:24904644, PMID:9851972]


systematic_name: M12171
exact_source: GO:0043596
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0043596
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The Y-shaped region of a nuclear replicating DNA molecule, resulting from the separation of the DNA strands and in which the synthesis of new strands takes place. Also includes associated protein complexes. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu]


systematic_name: M25840
exact_source: GO:0044194
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044194
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A specialized secretory lysosome that is present in cells with cytolytic capability such as cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Cytolytic granules mediate the storage and regulated excretion of lytic molecules for killing of target cells. [GOC:jl, PMID:11052265, PMID:12766758]


systematic_name: M25843
exact_source: GO:0044224
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044224
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A region of an axon near a node of Ranvier that is between the paranode and internode regions. [GOC:BHF, GOC:jl, PMID:10624965, PMID:14682359]


systematic_name: M17202
exact_source: GO:0044232
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044232
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A zone of apposition between the membranes of an organelle with another membrane, either another membrane of the same organelle, a membrane of another organelle, or the plasma membrane. Membrane contact sites (MCSs) are structured by bridging complexes. They are specialized for communication, including the efficient traffic of small molecules such as Ca2+ ions and lipids, as well as enzyme-substrate interactions. [GOC:jl, PMID:16806880]


systematic_name: M25844
exact_source: GO:0044233
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044233
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A zone of apposition between endoplasmic-reticulum and mitochondrial membranes, structured by bridging complexes. These contact sites are thought to facilitate inter-organelle calcium and phospholipid exchange. [GOC:jl, PMID:19556461, PMID:22078959, PMID:29626751, PMID:29684109]


systematic_name: M48591
exact_source: GO:0044284
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044284
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A tubular structure of relatively uniform size that connects a mitochondrial crista to the mitochondrial inner boundary membrane. [GOC:mcc, PMID:21944719, PMID:21987634, PMID:22009199]


systematic_name: M17008
exact_source: GO:0044291
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044291
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Extended zone of intimate apposition between two cells containing one or more types of intercellular junctions, e.g., the intercalated disk of muscle. [NIF_Subcellular:sao1299635018]


systematic_name: M25846
exact_source: GO:0044292
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044292
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A structure at the distal end of a dendrite adapted to carry out a specific function, e.g. dendriole. [GOC:jl, NIF_Subcellular:sao28175134]


systematic_name: M17635
exact_source: GO:0044297
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044297
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The portion of a cell bearing surface projections such as axons, dendrites, cilia, or flagella that includes the nucleus, but excludes all cell projections. [GOC:go_curators]


systematic_name: M25848
exact_source: GO:0044298
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044298
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The plasma membrane of a cell that bears surface projections such as axons, dendrites, cilia, or flagella, excluding the plasma membrane on cell projections. [GOC:ecd]


systematic_name: M25849
exact_source: GO:0044300
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044300
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An axon arising from cerebellar projecting cells in the cochlea, vestibular nuclei, spinal cord, reticular formation, cerebellar nuclei and basilar pontine nuclei. Mossy fibers enter through all three cerebellar peduncles and send collaterals to the deep cerebellar nuclei, then branch in the white matter and terminate in the granule cell layer. Through this branching, a given mossy fiber can innervate several folia. Mossy fibers synapse on granule cells. The synaptic contacts are made at enlargements along the length of the mossy fiber called mossy fiber rosettes. The enlargements of the rosettes give the axons a mossy-looking appearance in Golgi stained preparations. [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090209]


systematic_name: M17647
exact_source: GO:0044304
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044304
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The main axonal trunk, as opposed to the collaterals; i.e., excluding collaterals, terminal, spines, or dendrites. [NIF_Subcellular:sao1596975044]


systematic_name: M25850
exact_source: GO:0044305
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044305
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The terminal specialization of a calyciferous axon which forms large synapses in the mammalian auditory central nervous system. [NIF_Subcellular:sao1684283879, PMID:11823805]


systematic_name: M17263
exact_source: GO:0044309
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044309
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A small membranous protrusion, often ending in a bulbous head and attached to the neuron by a narrow stalk or neck. [ISBN:0198504888, NIF_Subcellular:sao1145756102]


systematic_name: M17616
exact_source: GO:0044322
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044322
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A subcompartment of the endoplasmic reticulum in which proteins with improper or incorrect folding accumulate. Enzymes in this compartment direct proteins with major folding problems to translocation to the cytosol and degradation, and proteins with minor folding problems to the ER, to interact with chaperon proteins. [PMID:11408579]


systematic_name: M25851
exact_source: GO:0044327
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044327
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Distal part of the dendritic spine, that carries the post-synaptic density. [GOC:BHF, GOC:nln, GOC:rl]


systematic_name: M25852
exact_source: GO:0044352
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044352
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A membrane-bounded, uncoated intracellular vesicle formed by the process of pinocytosis. [PMID:14731589, PMID:14732047]


systematic_name: M17590
exact_source: GO:0044391
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044391
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Either of the two subunits of a ribosome: the ribosomal large subunit or the ribosomal small subunit. [GOC:jl]


systematic_name: M25853
exact_source: GO:0044545
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044545
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A histone acetyltransferase complex that catalyzes the acetylation of a histone H4 lysine residues at several positions. In human, it contains the catalytic subunit MOF, NSL1/KIAA1267, NSL2/KANSL2, NSL3/KANSL3, MCRS1, PHF20, OGT1, WDR5 and HCF1. [GOC:lb, PMID:20018852]


systematic_name: M25854
exact_source: GO:0044613
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044613
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The central substructure of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), through which nucleocytoplasmic transport of RNAs, proteins and small molecules occurs. The central transport channel is filled with FG-nucleoporins, which form a selective barrier and provide a series of binding sites for transporter proteins. Characterized S. cerevisiae FG-nucleoporins include Nup159p, Nup145Np, Nup116p, Nup100p, Nsp1p, Nup57p, Nup49p, Nup42p, Nup53p, Nup59p/Asm4p, Nup60p and Nup1. Characterized vertebrate FG-nucleoporins include Nup214, Nup98, Nup62, Nup54, Nup58/45, NLP1, and Nup153. [GOC:dgf, PMID:18046406, PMID:19524430, PMID:20947011, PMID:22419078]


systematic_name: M25855
exact_source: GO:0044615
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044615
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A filamentous, cage-like assembly on the nuclear face of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). In S. cerevisiae, Mlp1p and Mlp2p are two major components of the NPC nuclear basket. In vertebrates, Tpr is a major component. [GOC:dgf, PMID:18046406, PMID:19524430, PMID:20947011, PMID:22419078]


systematic_name: M17422
exact_source: GO:0044665
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044665
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that can methylate lysine-4 of histone H3, and which contains either of the protein subunits MLL1 or MLL2 in human, or equivalent in other species. [GOC:sart, PMID:21875999]


systematic_name: M25856
exact_source: GO:0044666
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044666
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that can methylate lysine-4 of histone H3, and which contains either of the protein subunits MLL3 or MLL4 in mammals, or equivalent in other species. [GOC:sart, PMID:21875999]


systematic_name: M43126
exact_source: GO:0044753
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044753
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Intermediate organelles formed during macroautophagy through the fusion between autophagosomes and endosomes. [GOC:autophagy, GOC:sart, PMID:19008921, PMID:9705327]


systematic_name: M25857
exact_source: GO:0044754
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0044754
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A type of secondary lysosome in which a primary lysosome has fused with the outer membrane of an autophagosome or amphisome. It is involved in the second step of autophagy in which it degrades contents with acidic lysosomal hydrolases. [GOC:sart, NIF_Subcellular:sao8444068431, PMID:19008921, PMID:24657946]


systematic_name: M40603
exact_source: GO:0045009
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045009
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An intracellular membrane-bounded particle found in fungi and containing chitin synthase; it synthesizes chitin microfibrils. Chitin synthase activity exists in chitosomes and they are proposed to act as a reservoir for regulated transport of chitin synthase enzymes to the division septum. [ISBN:0198506732, PMID:8970154]


systematic_name: M17671
exact_source: GO:0045095
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045095
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A filament composed of acidic and basic keratins (types I and II), typically expressed in epithelial cells. The keratins are the most diverse classes of IF proteins, with a large number of keratin isoforms being expressed. Each type of epithelium always expresses a characteristic combination of type I and type II keratins. [ISBN:0716731363]


systematic_name: M17620
exact_source: GO:0045111
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045111
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Cytoskeletal structure made from intermediate filaments, typically organized in the cytosol as an extended system that stretches from the nuclear envelope to the plasma membrane. Some intermediate filaments run parallel to the cell surface, while others traverse the cytosol; together they form an internal framework that helps support the shape and resilience of the cell. [ISBN:0716731363]


systematic_name: M17231
exact_source: GO:0045120
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045120
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The nucleus of either the ovum or the spermatozoon following fertilization. Thus, in the fertilized ovum, there are two pronuclei, one originating from the ovum, the other from the spermatozoon that brought about fertilization; they approach each other, but do not fuse until just before the first cleavage, when each pronucleus loses its membrane to release its contents. [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M17663
exact_source: GO:0045171
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045171
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A direct connection between the cytoplasm of two cells that is formed following the completion of cleavage furrow ingression during cell division. They are usually present only briefly prior to completion of cytokinesis. However, in some cases, such as the bridges between germ cells during their development, they become stabilised. [PMID:9635420]


systematic_name: M17164
exact_source: GO:0045177
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045177
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The region of a polarized cell that forms a tip or is distal to a base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the apical region has an exposed surface and lies opposite to the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M17798
exact_source: GO:0045178
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045178
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The region of a cell situated near the base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the basal surface rests on the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194]


systematic_name: M17408
exact_source: GO:0045202
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045202
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The junction between an axon of one neuron and a dendrite of another neuron, a muscle fiber or a glial cell. As the axon approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic terminal bouton, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the terminal bouton is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic terminal bouton secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. [GOC:aruk, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:24619342, PMID:29383328, PMID:31998110]


systematic_name: M17414
exact_source: GO:0045211
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045211
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M25860
exact_source: GO:0045240
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045240
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multi-enzyme complex that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of an alpha-ketoacid - pyruvate, a branched-chain alpha-ketoacid or alpha-ketoglutarate (also known as 2-oxoglutarate). The complex comprises multiple copies of three enzymes referred to as E1, E2 and E3: a dihydrolipoyl transacylase (E2) forms the core of the complex, with an alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase (E1) and a dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) attached through non-covalent bonds. The E1 and E2 components are specific to different alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes, whereas the E3 component is the same. Additional proteins may also be present. [GOC:mah, PMID:10745006]


systematic_name: M25861
exact_source: GO:0045252
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045252
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multi-enzyme complex that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of alpha-ketoglutarate (also known as 2-oxoglutarate) to form succinyl-CoA. The complex comprises multiple copies of three enzymes referred to as E1, E2 and E3: oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase (E2) and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). Additional proteins may also be present. [PMID:10672230]


systematic_name: M48592
exact_source: GO:0045254
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045254
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multi-enzyme complex that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA. The complex comprises multiple copies of three enzymes referred to as E1, E2 and E3: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1, which may be a homodimer or a heterotetramer of two alpha and two beta subunits, depending on species), dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (E2), and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). Additional proteins may also be present. [PMID:36863425]


systematic_name: M17808
exact_source: GO:0045259
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045259
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP during oxidative phosphorylation. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis by a rotational mechanism; the extramembrane sector (containing 3 a and 3 b subunits) is connected via the d-subunit to the membrane sector by several smaller subunits. Within this complex, the g and e subunits and the 9-12 c subunits rotate by consecutive 120 degree angles and perform parts of ATP synthesis. This movement is driven by the hydrogen ion electrochemical potential gradient. [ISBN:0198547684, ISBN:0716743663]


systematic_name: M25863
exact_source: GO:0045261
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045261
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The sector of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase complex in which the catalytic activity resides; it comprises the catalytic core and central stalk, and is peripherally associated with a membrane, such as the plasma membrane or the mitochondrial inner membrane, when the entire ATP synthase is assembled. [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056]


systematic_name: M17436
exact_source: GO:0045263
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045263
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  All non-F1 subunits of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral membrane proteins. [PMID:10838056]


systematic_name: M25866
exact_source: GO:0045277
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045277
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A part of the respiratory chain, containing the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2). [ISBN:0198547684]


systematic_name: M25867
exact_source: GO:0045293
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045293
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that posttranscriptionally catalyzes insertion, deletion or substitution of nucleotides at multiple sites within nascent mRNA transcripts to produce mature mRNAs in eukaryotes. [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/content/vol1/issue1/full/4/, PMID:11564867, PMID:12139607, PMID:24316715]


systematic_name: M17327
exact_source: GO:0045334
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045334
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A clathrin-coated, membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by invagination of the plasma membrane around an extracellular substance. [GOC:go_curators]


systematic_name: M16985
exact_source: GO:0045335
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045335
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle that arises from the ingestion of particulate material by phagocytosis. [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M17510
exact_source: GO:0045495
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0045495
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Differentiated cytoplasm associated with a pole (animal, vegetal, anterior, or posterior) of an oocyte, egg or early embryo. [GOC:kmv, PMID:17113380]


systematic_name: M29432
exact_source: GO:0046581
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0046581
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An extremely narrow tubular channel located between adjacent cells. An instance of this is the secretory canaliculi occurring between adjacent parietal cells in the gastric mucosa of vertebrates. [ISBN:0721662544]


systematic_name: M25868
exact_source: GO:0046696
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0046696
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multiprotein complex that consists of at least three proteins, CD14, TLR4, and MD-2, each of which is glycosylated and which functions as a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptor that primes the innate immune response against bacterial pathogens. [PMID:11706042, PMID:9665271]


systematic_name: M17167
exact_source: GO:0046930
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0046930
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex providing a discrete opening in a membrane that allows the passage of gases and/or liquids. [ISBN:0198506732]


systematic_name: M25869
exact_source: GO:0048179
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0048179
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that acts as an activin receptor. Heterodimeric activin receptors, comprising one Type I activin receptor and one Type II receptor polypeptide, and heterotrimeric receptors have been observed. [PMID:8307945, PMID:8622651]


systematic_name: M17247
exact_source: GO:0048188
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0048188
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A conserved protein complex that catalyzes methylation of histone H3. In Saccharomyces the complex contains Shg1p, Sdc1p, Swd1p, Swd2p, Swd3p, Spp1p, Bre2p, and the trithorax-related Set1p; in mammals it contains the catalytic subunit (SETD1A or SETD1B), WDR5, WDR82, RBBP5, ASH2L/ASH2, CXXC1/CFP1, HCFC1 and DPY30. [PMID:11687631, PMID:11742990, PMID:11805083, PMID:12488447, PMID:18508253, PMID:18838538]


systematic_name: M25871
exact_source: GO:0048500
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0048500
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A complex of protein and RNA which facilitates translocation of proteins across membranes. [GOC:mlg]


systematic_name: M17718
exact_source: GO:0048770
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0048770
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A small, subcellular membrane-bounded vesicle containing pigment and/or pigment precursor molecules. Pigment granule biogenesis is poorly understood, as pigment granules are derived from multiple sources including the endoplasmic reticulum, coated vesicles, lysosomes, and endosomes. [GOC:jid, GOC:mh]


systematic_name: M17568
exact_source: GO:0048786
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0048786
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A specialized region of the plasma membrane and cell cortex of a presynaptic neuron; encompasses a region of the plasma membrane where synaptic vesicles dock and fuse, and a specialized cortical cytoskeletal matrix. [GOC:dh, GOC:dl, GOC:ef, GOC:jid, GOC:pr, PMID:3152289]


systematic_name: M25872
exact_source: GO:0048787
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0048787
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The membrane portion of the presynaptic active zone; it is the site where docking and fusion of synaptic vesicles occurs for the release of neurotransmitters. [PMID:12812759, PMID:12923177, PMID:3152289]


systematic_name: M25873
exact_source: GO:0048788
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0048788
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The specialized cytoskeletal matrix of the presynaptic active zone. It has specialized functions in organizing synaptic events such as immobilisation or translocation of synaptic vesicles, and assembling active zone components. It is believed to form a molecular scaffold that organizes neurotransmitter release sites. [GOC:dh, GOC:dl, GOC:ef, GOC:jid, NIF_Subcellular:sao1470121605, PMID:10944438]


systematic_name: M17452
exact_source: GO:0051233
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0051233
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The area in the center of the spindle where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap. [GOC:ai, PMID:15296749]


systematic_name: M17771
exact_source: GO:0055037
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0055037
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An organelle consisting of a network of tubules that functions in targeting molecules, such as receptors transporters and lipids, to the plasma membrane. [GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:kmv, GOC:rph, PMID:10930469, PMID:15601896, PMID:16246101, PMID:21556374, PMID:21562044]


systematic_name: M17582
exact_source: GO:0055038
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0055038
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The lipid bilayer surrounding a recycling endosome. [GOC:jid, GOC:rph, PMID:10930469, PMID:15601896, PMID:16246101]


systematic_name: M17060
exact_source: GO:0060076
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0060076
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A synapse in which an action potential in the presynaptic cell increases the probability of an action potential occurring in the postsynaptic cell. [GOC:dph, GOC:ef]


systematic_name: M17597
exact_source: GO:0060077
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0060077
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A synapse in which an action potential in the presynaptic cell reduces the probability of an action potential occurring in the postsynaptic cell. [GOC:dph, GOC:ef]


systematic_name: M25875
exact_source: GO:0060091
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0060091
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A nonmotile primary cilium that is found at the apical surface of auditory receptor cells. The kinocilium is surrounded by actin-based stereocilia. [GOC:cilia, GOC:dph, PMID:15882574]


systematic_name: M43128
exact_source: GO:0060473
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0060473
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A secretory vesicle that is stored under the cell membrane of an egg. These vesicles fuse with the egg plasma membrane as part of egg activation and are part of the block to polyspermy. [GOC:dph]


systematic_name: M40605
exact_source: GO:0061200
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0061200
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A clathrin-sculpted lipid bilayer membrane-enclosed vesicle after clathrin release and containing gamma-aminobutyric acid transport vesicle. [GOC:dph]


systematic_name: M25878
exact_source: GO:0061617
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0061617
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Mitochondrial inner membrane complex involved in maintenance of crista junctions, inner membrane architecture, and formation of contact sites to the outer membrane. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the complex has six subunits: MIC10, MIC12, MIC19, MIC26, MIC27, and MIC60. [GOC:dph, PMID:21944719, PMID:21987634, PMID:22009199, PMID:24687277]


systematic_name: M25879
exact_source: GO:0061673
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0061673
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any of the mitotic spindle microtubules that radiate in all directions from the spindle poles and are thought to contribute to the forces that separate the poles and position them in relation to the rest of the cell. [GOC:dph]


systematic_name: M17061
exact_source: GO:0061695
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0061695
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A transferase complex capable of catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor). [GOC:bhm, GOC:dph]


systematic_name: M25880
exact_source: GO:0061700
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0061700
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A multiprotein subcomplex of the GATOR complex that regulates TORC1 signaling by interacting with the Rag GTPase. In human, this complex consists of WDR24, WDR59, MIOS, SEH1L, and SEC13. In S. cerevisiae, this complex is referred to as SEACAT and contains the Sea2p, Sea3p, Sea4p, Seh1p, Sec13p proteins. [GOC:krc, GOC:rb, PMID:23723238, PMID:25934700]


systematic_name: M25881
exact_source: GO:0061827
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0061827
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The part of the late spermatid or spermatozoon that contains the nucleus and acrosome. [PMID:22797892, PMID:24665388]


systematic_name: M25882
exact_source: GO:0062023
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0062023
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  An extracellular matrix consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that provides not only essential physical scaffolding for the cellular constituents but can also initiate crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues required for tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and homeostasis. The components are secreted by cells in the vicinity and form a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rph, PMID:21123617]


systematic_name: M46942
exact_source: GO:0070044
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070044
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A SNARE complex that contains synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, and syntaxin 1a (or orthologs thereof). [PMID:10336434]


systematic_name: M16988
exact_source: GO:0070069
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070069
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex in which at least one of the proteins is a cytochrome, i.e. a heme-containing protein involved in catalysis of redox reactions. [GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M25884
exact_source: GO:0070081
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070081
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A clathrin-sculpted lipid bilayer membrane-enclosed vesicle after clathrin release and containing monoamines. [GOC:mg2]


systematic_name: M25885
exact_source: GO:0070160
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070160
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cell-cell junction that seals cells together in an epithelium in a way that prevents even small molecules from leaking from one side of the sheet to the other. [ISBN:0815332181]


systematic_name: M17561
exact_source: GO:0070161
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070161
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A cell junction that mechanically attaches a cell (and its cytoskeleton) to neighboring cells or to the extracellular matrix. [ISBN:0815332181]


systematic_name: M25886
exact_source: GO:0070187
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070187
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A nuclear telomere cap complex that is formed by the association of telomeric ssDNA- and dsDNA-binding proteins with telomeric DNA, and is involved in telomere protection and recruitment of telomerase. The complex is known to contain TERF1, TERF2, POT1, RAP1, TINF2 and ACD in mammalian cells, and Pot1, Tpz1, Rap1, Rif1, Rif2 and Taz1 in Saccharomyces. Taz1 and Rap1 (or their mammalian equivalents) form a dsDNA-binding subcomplex, Pot1 and Tpz1 form an ssDNA-binding subcomplex, and the two subcomplexes are bridged by Poz1, which acts as an effector molecule along with Ccq1. [GOC:expert_mf, GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:18828880]


systematic_name: M17098
exact_source: GO:0070382
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070382
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A transport vesicle that mediates transport from an intracellular compartment to the plasma membrane, and fuses with the plasma membrane to release various cargo molecules, such as proteins or hormones, by exocytosis. [GOC:kad, GOC:mah]


systematic_name: M29434
exact_source: GO:0070390
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070390
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that couples SAGA-dependent gene expression to mRNA export at the inner side of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). The TREX-2 complex is tethered to the inner side of the NPC via the nucleoporins Nup1 and Nup60; in S. cerevisiae it contains Sac3p, Thp1p, Sem1, Sus1p and Cdc31p. [GOC:dgf, GOC:mah, PMID:17786152, PMID:19289793, PMID:28334829]


systematic_name: M48593
exact_source: GO:0070418
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070418
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that is involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks and, in mammals, V(D)J recombination events. It consists of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) and the DNA end-binding heterodimer Ku. [GOC:mah, PMID:10854421, PMID:12235392]


systematic_name: M25887
exact_source: GO:0070419
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070419
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that plays a role in DNA double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining. Such complexes typically contain a specialized DNA ligase (e.g. Lig4 in eukaryotes) and one or more proteins that bind to DNA ends. [GOC:mah, PMID:17072889, PMID:17938628]


systematic_name: M46943
exact_source: GO:0070449
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070449
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A transcription elongation factor complex that suppresses RNA polymerase II pausing, and may act by promoting proper alignment of the 3'-end of nascent transcripts with the polymerase catalytic site. Consists of a transcriptionally active Elongin A subunit (about 100 kDa) and two smaller Elongin B (about 18 kDa) and Elongin C (about 15 kDa) subunits. [PMID:12676794]


systematic_name: M17396
exact_source: GO:0070461
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070461
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A histone acetyltransferase complex that acetylates nucleosomal histones H2B, H3, or H4 and is required for the expression of a subset of Pol II-transcribed genes. This complex includes the acetyltransferases GCN5/KAT2A or PCAF/KAT2B, several proteins of the ADA, SGF and SPT families, and several TBP-associate proteins (TAFs). [GOC:mah, PMID:10637607, PMID:17337012]


systematic_name: M25889
exact_source: GO:0070469
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070469
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. [GOC:ecd, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, Wikipedia:Respirasome]


systematic_name: M25890
exact_source: GO:0070531
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070531
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that contains the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer, RAP80/UIMC1, BRCC3/BRCC36, BRE/BRCC45, FAM175A/CCDC98/Abraxas and MERIT40/NBA1, and specifically recognizes and binds K63-linked polyubiquitin chains present on histone H2A and H2AX at DNA damage sites. [GOC:mah, PMID:19261749]


systematic_name: M43129
exact_source: GO:0070533
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070533
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that contains the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer, CtIP and Mre11/Rad50/NBS1 (M/R/N) complex, and binds to DNA at DNA damage sites. BRCA1-C binding ta damaged DNA is required for DNA damage-induced Chk1 phosphorylation and the G2/M transition checkpoint. [GOC:mah, PMID:15485915, PMID:16391231]


systematic_name: M25892
exact_source: GO:0070552
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070552
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that contains the FAM175B/ABRO1, BRCC3/BRCC36, BRE/BRCC45 and MERIT40/NBA1 proteins, and specifically cleaves K63-linked polyubiquitin chains. [GOC:mah, PMID:19214193]


systematic_name: M25893
exact_source: GO:0070578
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070578
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A trimeric protein complex required for the formation of a mature RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). In humans the complex is composed of the endonuclease Dicer (DICER1), TRBP (TARBP2) and the Argonaute protein Ago2 (EIF2C2/AGO2). Within the complex, Dicer and TRBP are required to process precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) to mature miRNAs and then load them onto Ago2. Ago2 bound to the mature miRNA constitutes the minimal RISC and may subsequently dissociate from Dicer and TRBP. This complex has endoribonuclease activity. [GOC:ab, GOC:BHF, GOC:nc, GOC:rph, PMID:18178619, PMID:19820710]


systematic_name: M45967
exact_source: GO:0070603
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070603
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that contains an ortholog of the Saccharomyces ATPase Swi2/Snf2 as one of the catalytic subunit components (ATPase) and mediates assembly of nucleosomes, changes to the spacing or structure of nucleosomes, or some combination of those activities in a manner that requires ATP. [GOC:bhm, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:16155938]


systematic_name: M25894
exact_source: GO:0070652
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070652
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that localizes to interphase centrosomes and to mitotic spindle tubules and regulates mitotic spindle assembly and centrosome integrity; in human, the complex consists of eight subunits, some of which are homologous to subunits of the Drosophila Augmin complex. [PMID:19427217]


systematic_name: M25895
exact_source: GO:0070695
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070695
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that is composed of AKTIP/FTS, FAM160A2/p107FHIP, and one or more members of the Hook family of proteins, HOOK1, HOOK2, and HOOK3. The complex is thought to promote vesicle trafficking and/or fusion, and associates with the homotypic vesicular sorting complex (the HOPS complex). [GOC:ab, GOC:mah, PMID:18799622]


systematic_name: M25896
exact_source: GO:0070761
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070761
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains a precursor small nucleolar RNA (pre-snoRNA) and associated proteins, and forms during small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex (snoRNP) assembly. Pre-snoRNP complexes may contain proteins not found in the corresponding mature snoRNP complexes. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:rl, PMID:17636026, PMID:17709390]


systematic_name: M25897
exact_source: GO:0070765
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070765
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A protein complex that has aspartic-type endopeptidase activity and contains a presenilin catalytic subunit (either PSEN1 or PSEN2), an APH1 subunit (multiple genes and splice variants exist), nicastrin (NCT), and presenilin enhancer (aka PEN-2 or Psenen), as the core complex. Variants of the complex with different subunit compositions differ in localization and specific substrates. Additionally, variants of the complex exist that contain a additional regulatory subunit as well as the four core subunits; known regulatory subunits include gamma-secretase-activating protein (aka gSAP), TMP1 (aka TMED10), and CD147 antigen (aka basigin). Gamma-secretase cleaves type I transmembrane protein substrates, including the cell surface receptor Notch and the amyloid-beta precursor protein. [GOC:krc, PMID:15286082, PMID:15890777, PMID:17047368, PMID:22122073, PMID:25565961, PMID:28320827, PMID:32616437]


systematic_name: M25899
exact_source: GO:0070820
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070820
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  A secretory granule that contains cathepsin and gelatinase and is readily exocytosed upon cell activation; found primarily in mature neutrophil cells. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:rl, PMID:12070036]


systematic_name: M17413
exact_source: GO:0070822
external_details_URL: http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070822
source_species_code: HS
contributor: Gene Ontology
contrib_organization: Gene Ontology Consortium
description_brief:
  Any of a number of evolutionarily conserved histone deacetylase complexes (HDACs) containing a core consisting of a paired amphipathic helix motif protein (e.g. Sin3p in S. cerevisiae, Pst1 in S. pombe or Sin3A in mammals) at least one class I histone deacetylase (e.g. Rpd3p in S. cerevisiae, Clr6 in S. pombe, or HDAC1 and HDAC2 in mammals), and at least one WD40 repeat protein (e.g. Ume1p in S. cerevisiae, Prw1 in S. pombe, or RbAp46 and RbAp48 in mammals). These complexes also contain a variable number of other proteins that direct histone binding, DNA binding, or add other functionality to the complex. [PMID:15565322, PMID:18292778]


