# go

id: GO:0009523
name: photosystem II
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A photosystem that contains a pheophytin-quinone reaction center with associated accessory pigments and electron carriers. In cyanobacteria and chloroplasts, in the presence of light, PSII functions as a water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase, transferring electrons from water to plastoquinone, whereas other photosynthetic bacteria carry out anoxygenic photosynthesis and oxidize other compounds to re-reduce the photoreaction center." [GOC:ds, GOC:mah, ISBN:0943088399, PMID:9821949]


id: GO:0009524
name: phragmoplast
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "Fibrous structure (light microscope view) that arises between the daughter nuclei at telophase and within which the initial partition (cell plate), dividing the mother cell in two (cytokinesis), is formed. Appears at first as a spindle connected to the two nuclei, but later spreads laterally in the form of a ring. Consists of microtubules." [ISBN:0471245208]


id: GO:0009526
name: plastid envelope
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The double lipid bilayer enclosing a plastid and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space." [GOC:jy]


id: GO:0009528
name: plastid inner membrane
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the plastid envelope; also faces the plastid stroma." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009530
name: primary cell wall
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A plant cell wall that is still able to expand, permitting cell growth. Primary cell walls contain more pectin than secondary walls and no lignin is present." [GOC:jid, PMID:9442872]


id: GO:0009531
name: secondary cell wall
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A plant cell wall that is no longer able to expand and so does not permit growth. Secondary cell walls contain less pectin that primary cell walls. The secondary cell is mostly composed of cellulose and is strengthened with lignin." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0943088399]


id: GO:0009534
name: chloroplast thylakoid
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "Sac-like membranous structures (cisternae) in a chloroplast combined into stacks (grana) and present singly in the stroma (stroma thylakoids or frets) as interconnections between grana. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0943883999]


id: GO:0009535
name: chloroplast thylakoid membrane
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The pigmented membrane of a chloroplast thylakoid. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0009536
name: plastid
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "Any member of a family of organelles found in the cytoplasm of plants and some protists, which are membrane-bounded and contain DNA. Plant plastids develop from a common type, the proplastid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198547684]


id: GO:0009538
name: photosystem I reaction center
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A photochemical system containing P700, the chlorophyll a dimer that functions as a primary electron donor. Functioning as a light-dependent plastocyanin-ferredoxin oxidoreductase, it transfers electrons from plastocyanin to ferredoxin." [GOC:kd, ISBN:0943088399]


id: GO:0009539
name: photosystem II reaction center
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "An integral membrane complex containing P680, the chlorophyll a molecule that functions as a primary electron donor. In the light, functioning as a water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase, it transfers electrons from water to plastoquinone." [GOC:kd, ISBN:0943088399]


id: GO:0009540
name: zeaxanthin epoxidase [overall] activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reactions: zeaxanthin + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = antheraxanthin + NAD(P)+ + H2O; and antheraxanthin + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = violaxanthin + NAD(P)+ + H2O." [EC:1.14.13.90]


id: GO:0009541
name: etioplast prolamellar body
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A three dimensional regular lattice found in etioplasts. It is composed of a continuous system of tubules but when exposed to light the symmetrical arrangement is rapidly lost as tubules become pinched off into two dimensional sections of lattice. These for perforated sheets of membrane that move apart, extend and increase, finally establishing the typical granal and intergranal lamellae of the mature chloroplast." [ISBN:0140514031]


id: GO:0009542
name: granum
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "Distinct stack of lamellae seen within chloroplasts. Grana contain the pigments, electron transfer compounds, and enzymes essential to the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis." [ISBN:014051403]


id: GO:0009543
name: chloroplast thylakoid lumen
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The cavity enclosed within the chloroplast thylakoid membrane. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:006501037]


id: GO:0009544
name: chloroplast ATP synthase complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The protein complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP in chloroplasts." [ISBN:019854768]


id: GO:0009546
name: plasmodesmatal cytoplasmic sleeve
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The space between the plasma membrane and the desmotubule of a plasmodesma." [http://biology.kenyon.edu/edwards/project/greg/pd.htm]


id: GO:0009549
name: cellulose microfibril
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A microfibril composed of cellulose arranged in orthogonal layers. Cellulose is a straight chain polysaccharide composed of B(14) linked glucose subunits. It is a major component of plant cell walls. Higher plant microfibrils are about 10nm in diameter and extremely long in relation to their width. The cellulose molecules are oriented parallel to the long axis of the microfibril in a paracrystalline array, which provides great tensile strength. The microfibrils are held in place by the wall matrix and their orientation is closely controlled by the cell." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0943088399]


id: GO:0009550
name: primary plasmodesma
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A plasmodesma that consists of a simple, single channel; found predominantly in young tissue and formed as a function of cell plate formation during cytokinesis." [PMID:15012255]


id: GO:0009551
name: secondary plasmodesma
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A plasmodesma with a branched structure, often with many channels leading into a larger central cavity; found in older tissues and usually derived from preexisting primary plasmodesmata." [PMID:15012255]


id: GO:0009553
name: embryo sac development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo sac over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The process begins with the meiosis of the megasporocyte to form four haploid megaspores. Three of the megaspores disintegrate, and the fourth undergoes mitosis giving rise to a binucleate syncytial embryo sac. The two haploid nuclei migrate to the opposite poles of the embryo sac and then undergo two rounds of mitosis generating four haploid nuclei at each pole. One nucleus from each set of four migrates to the center of the cell. Cellularization occurs, resulting in an eight-nucleate seven-celled structure. This structure contains two synergid cells and an egg cell at the micropylar end, and three antipodal cells at the other end. A binucleate endosperm mother cell is formed at the center. The two polar nuclei fuse resulting in a mononucleate diploid endosperm mother cell. The three antipodal cells degenerate." [GOC:mtg_plant, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009554
name: megasporogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the megasporocyte undergoes meiosis, giving rise to four haploid megaspores in the nucellus." [GOC:mtg_plant, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009555
name: pollen development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pollen grain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The process begins with the meiosis of the microsporocyte to form four haploid microspores. The nucleus of each microspore then divides by mitosis to form a two-celled organism, the pollen grain, that contains a tube cell as well as a smaller generative cell. The pollen grain is surrounded by an elaborate cell wall. In some species, the generative cell immediately divides again to give a pair of sperm cells. In most flowering plants, however this division takes place later, in the tube that develops when a pollen grain germinates." [GOC:mtg_plant, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009556
name: microsporogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the microsporocyte undergoes meiosis, giving rise to four haploid microspores." [GOC:mtg_plant, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009557
name: antipodal cell differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which an uncellularized nucleus cellularizes and acquires the specialized features of an antipodal cell." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_plant]


id: GO:0009558
name: embryo sac cellularization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the eight-nucleate single celled female gametophyte develops into the seven-celled female gametophyte. This mature structure contains two synergid cells and an egg cell at the micropylar end, and three antipodal cells at the other end. A binucleate endosperm mother cell is formed at the center. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_plant, GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:047186840X]


id: GO:0009559
name: embryo sac central cell differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the two uncellularized polar nuclei cellularize, fuse and acquire the specialized features of a mononucleate diploid central cell." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_plant]


id: GO:0009560
name: embryo sac egg cell differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which an uncellularized embryo sac nucleus cellularizes and acquires the specialized features of an egg cell. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_plant, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0009561
name: megagametogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo sac over time, from its formation as the megaspore to the mature structure. The process begins when three of the four haploid megaspores disintegrate, and the fourth undergoes mitosis giving rise to a binucleate syncytial embryo sac. The two haploid nuclei migrate to the opposite poles of the embryo sac and then undergo two rounds of mitosis generating four haploid nuclei at each pole. One nucleus from each set of four migrates to the center of the cell. Cellularization occurs, resulting in an eight-nucleate seven-celled structure. This structure contains two synergid cells and an egg cell at the micropylar end, and three antipodal cells at the other end. A binucleate endosperm mother cell is formed at the center." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_plant]


id: GO:0009562
name: embryo sac nuclear migration
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The directed movement of an embryo sac nucleus to the pole or center of the cell." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_plant]


id: GO:0009563
name: synergid differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which an uncellularized nucleus cellularizes and acquires the specialized features of a synergid cell." [GOC:jid]


id: GO:0009566
name: fertilization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The union of gametes of opposite sexes during the process of sexual reproduction to form a zygote. It involves the fusion of the gametic nuclei (karyogamy) and cytoplasm (plasmogamy)." [GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009567
name: double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Fertilization where one of the two sperm nuclei from the pollen tube fuses with the egg nucleus to form a 2n zygote, and the other fuses with the two polar nuclei to form the 3n primary endosperm nucleus and then develops into the endosperm. The ploidy level of the 2n zygote and 3n primary endosperm nucleus is determined by the ploidy level of the parents involved. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009568
name: amyloplast starch grain
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "Plant storage body for amylose and amylopectin, 1-100um in diameter, and located in amyloplasts. Also contains small amounts of enzymes, amino acids, lipids and nucleic acids. The shape of the grain varies widely amongst species, but is often spherical or disk-shaped." [GOC:jl, PMID:11217978]


id: GO:0009569
name: chloroplast starch grain
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "Plant storage body for amylose and amylopectin, 1-100um in diameter, and located in chloroplasts. Also contains small amounts of enzymes, amino acids, lipids and nucleic acids. The shape of the grain varies widely amongst species, but is often spherical or disk-shaped." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009570
name: chloroplast stroma
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The space enclosed by the double membrane of a chloroplast but excluding the thylakoid space. It contains DNA, ribosomes and some temporary products of photosynthesis." [ISBN:0198547684]


id: GO:0009573
name: chloroplast ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A complex, located in the chloroplast, containing either both large and small subunits or just small subunits which carries out the activity of producing 3-phosphoglycerate from carbon dioxide and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0009574
name: preprophase band
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A dense band of microtubules, 1-3 pm wide, that appears just beneath the cell membrane before the start of cell division in the cells of higher plants. It precedes the onset of prophase and then disappears as mitosis begins, yet it somehow determines the plane of orientation of the new cell plate forming in late telophase and marks the zone of the parental cell wall where fusion with the growing cell plate ultimately occurs." [ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009575
name: chromoplast stroma
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The space enclosed by the double membrane of a chromoplast but excluding the photosynthetic material." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009578
name: etioplast stroma
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The space enclosed by the double membrane of an etioplast but excluding the prothylakoid space. It contains the etioplast DNA." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009579
name: thylakoid
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A membranous cellular structure that bears the photosynthetic pigments in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. In cyanobacteria thylakoids are of various shapes and are attached to, or continuous with, the plasma membrane. In eukaryotes they are flattened, membrane-bounded disk-like structures located in the chloroplasts; in the chloroplasts of higher plants the thylakoids form dense stacks called grana. Isolated thylakoid preparations can carry out photosynthetic electron transport and the associated phosphorylation." [GOC:ds, GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009581
name: detection of external stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which an external stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009582
name: detection of abiotic stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which an (non-living) abiotic stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009583
name: detection of light stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a light stimulus (in the form of photons) is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009584
name: detection of visible light
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a visible light stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. A visible light stimulus is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived visually by an organism; for organisms lacking a visual system, this can be defined as light with a wavelength within the range 380 to 780 nm." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009585
name: red, far-red light phototransduction
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The sequence of reactions within a cell required to convert absorbed photons from red or far-red light into a molecular signal; the red, far-red light range is defined as having a wavelength within the range 660-730 nm." [GOC:mah]


id: GO:0009588
name: UV-A, blue light phototransduction
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The sequence of reactions within a cell required to convert absorbed photons from UV-A or blue light into a molecular signal; the UV-A, blue light range is defined as having a wavelength within the range of 315 to 400 nm." [GOC:mah]


id: GO:0009589
name: detection of UV
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which an ultraviolet radiation (UV light) stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. Ultraviolet radiation is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 to 380 nanometers." [GOC:dos, GOC:go_curators, GOC:hb, ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009590
name: detection of gravity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a gravitational stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:dos, GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009591
name: obsolete perception of mechanical stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. The series of events by which a mechanical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009593
name: detection of chemical stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a chemical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009594
name: detection of nutrient
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a nutrient stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009595
name: detection of biotic stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a biotic stimulus, one caused or produced by a living organism, is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009597
name: detection of virus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a stimulus from a virus is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009600
name: detection of nematode
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a stimulus from a nematode is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009601
name: detection of insect
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a stimulus from an insect is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009602
name: detection of symbiont
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a stimulus from a symbiont (an organism living in close physical association with an organism of a different species) is received and converted into a molecular signal. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:hb, ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009603
name: detection of symbiotic fungus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a stimulus from a symbiotic fungus, a fungus living in close physical association with another organism, is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb, ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009604
name: detection of symbiotic bacterium
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a stimulus from a symbiotic bacterium, a bacterium living in close physical association with another organism, is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb, ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009605
name: response to external stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009606
name: tropism
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The movement of an organism, or part of an organism, in response to an external source of stimulus, usually toward or away from it." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0877795088]


id: GO:0009607
name: response to biotic stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotic stimulus, a stimulus caused or produced by a living organism." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009608
name: response to symbiont
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a symbiont, an organism living with an organism of a different species in close physical association. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:hb, ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009609
name: response to symbiotic bacterium
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a symbiotic bacterium, a bacterium living in close physical association with another organism." [GOC:hb, ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009610
name: response to symbiotic fungus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a symbiotic fungus, a fungus living in close physical association with another organism." [GOC:hb, ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009611
name: response to wounding
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009612
name: response to mechanical stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009615
name: response to virus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a virus." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009616
name: virus induced gene silencing
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Specific posttranscriptional gene inactivation ('silencing') both of viral gene(s), and host gene(s) homologous to the viral genes. This silencing is triggered by viral infection, and occurs through a specific decrease in the level of mRNA of both host and viral genes." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009617
name: response to bacterium
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a bacterium." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009620
name: response to fungus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a fungus." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009623
name: response to parasitic fungus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a parasitic fungus, a fungus which spends all or part of its life in or on another organism from which it obtains nourishment and/or protection." [GOC:hb, ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009624
name: response to nematode
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a nematode." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009625
name: response to insect
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from an insect." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009626
name: plant-type hypersensitive response
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The rapid, localized death of plant cells in response to invasion by a pathogen." [ISBN:0582227089]


id: GO:0009627
name: systemic acquired resistance
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The salicylic acid mediated response to a pathogen which confers broad spectrum resistance." [GOC:lr, ISBN:052143641]


id: GO:0009628
name: response to abiotic stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (non-living) stimulus." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009629
name: response to gravity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gravitational stimulus." [GOC:hb]


id: GO:0009631
name: cold acclimation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases freezing tolerance of an organism in response to low, nonfreezing temperatures." [GOC:syr]


id: GO:0009635
name: response to herbicide
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a herbicide stimulus. Herbicides are chemicals used to kill or control the growth of plants." [GOC:curators]


id: GO:0009636
name: response to toxic substance
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxic stimulus." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009637
name: response to blue light
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a blue light stimulus. Blue light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of between 440 and 500nm." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_far_red]


id: GO:0009638
name: phototropism
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The movement of an organism, or part of an organism, in response to a light stimulus, usually toward or away from it." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_far_red, PMID:16870491]


id: GO:0009639
name: response to red or far red light
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a red or far red light stimulus. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm. Far red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 700-800nm. An example of this response is seen at the beginning of many plant species developmental stages. These include germination, and the point when cotyledon expansion is triggered. In certain species these processes take place in response to absorption of red light by the pigment molecule phytochrome, but the signal can be reversed by exposure to far red light. During the initial phase the phytochrome molecule is only present in the red light absorbing form, but on absorption of red light it changes to a far red light absorbing form, triggering progress through development. An immediate short period of exposure to far red light entirely returns the pigment to its initial state and prevents triggering of the developmental process. A thirty minute break between red and subsequent far red light exposure renders the red light effect irreversible, and development then occurs regardless of whether far red light exposure subsequently occurs." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_far_red]


id: GO:0009640
name: photomorphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The control of plant growth, development, and differentiation by the duration and nature of light, independent of photosynthesis." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009641
name: shade avoidance
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Shade avoidance is a set of responses that plants display when they are subjected to the shade of another plant. It often includes elongation, altered flowering time, increased apical dominance and altered partitioning of resources. Plants are able to distinguish between the shade of an inanimate object (e.g. a rock) and the shade of another plant due to the altered balance between red and far-red light in the shade of a plant; this balance between red and far-red light is perceived by phytochrome." [Wikipedia:Shade_avoidance]


id: GO:0009642
name: response to light intensity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light intensity stimulus." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009643
name: photosynthetic acclimation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A response to light intensity in which exposure to medium-intensity light results in increased tolerance to high-intensity light." [GOC:mah, PMID:11069694]


id: GO:0009644
name: response to high light intensity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a high light intensity stimulus." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009645
name: response to low light intensity stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a low light intensity stimulus. Low light intensity is defined as a level of electromagnetic radiation at or below 0.1 micromols/m2." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_far_red]


id: GO:0009646
name: response to absence of light
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an absence of light stimuli." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009647
name: skotomorphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The control of plant growth, development, and differentiation in response to growth in darkness." [http://www.plantphys.net/article.php?ch=t&id=63, PMID:15012288]


id: GO:0009648
name: photoperiodism
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light or dark of a given length, measured relative to a particular duration known as the 'critical day length'. The critical day length varies between species." [GOC:jid, GOC:pj, ISBN:0582015952, ISBN:0697037754, ISBN:0709408862]


id: GO:0009650
name: UV protection
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process in which an organism or cell protects itself from ultraviolet radiation (UV), which may also result in resistance to repeated exposure to UV." [GOC:jl, GOC:ml]


id: GO:0009651
name: response to salt stress
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009652
name: thigmotropism
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The movement of an organism, or part of an organism, such as leaves or tendrils, in response to a touch stimulus, usually toward or away from it." [GOC:jl, PMID:16153165]


id: GO:0009653
name: anatomical structure morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0521436125]


id: GO:0009654
name: photosystem II oxygen evolving complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A complex, composed of a cluster of manganese, calcium and chloride ions bound to extrinsic proteins, that catalyzes the splitting of water to O2 and 4 H+. In cyanobacteria there are five extrinsic proteins in OEC (PsbO, PsbP-like, PsbQ-like, PsbU and PsbV), while in plants there are only three (PsbO, PsbP and PsbQ)." [GOC:cjm, InterPro:IPR002683]


id: GO:0009655
name: PSII associated light-harvesting complex II, core complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The pigment-protein complex primarily associated to PSII in higher plants, green algae and cyanobacteria that directly transfers electrons to the reaction center." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009656
name: PSII associated light-harvesting complex II, peripheral complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "Pigment-protein complex primarily associated to PSII in plants, green algae and cyanobacteria. Involved in state transitions that cause migration to PSI under certain environmental conditions such as high light." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009657
name: plastid organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a plastid." [GOC:mah]


id: GO:0009658
name: chloroplast organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the chloroplast." [GOC:jid]


id: GO:0009659
name: leucoplast organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a leucoplast. A leucoplast is a colorless plastid involved in the synthesis of monoterpenes." [GOC:jid]


id: GO:0009660
name: amyloplast organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an amyloplast. An amyloplast is a plastid whose main function is to synthesize and store starch." [GOC:jid]


id: GO:0009661
name: chromoplast organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the chromoplast. A chromoplast is a plastid containing pigments other than chlorophyll, usually yellow and orange carotenoid pigments." [GOC:jid]


id: GO:0009662
name: etioplast organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an etioplast. An etioplast is a plastid arrested in the development of chloroplasts from proplastids due to absence of light or low light conditions." [GOC:jid]


id: GO:0009663
name: plasmodesma organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a plasmodesma, a fine cytoplasmic channel, found in all higher plants, that connects the cytoplasm of one cell to that of an adjacent cell." [GOC:mah]


id: GO:0009664
name: plant-type cell wall organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process that results in the assembly and arrangement of constituent parts of the cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall, or in the disassembly of the cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall. This process is carried out at the cellular level. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0009666
name: plastid outer membrane organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the outer membrane of a plastid." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah]


id: GO:0009667
name: plastid inner membrane organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the inner membrane of a plastid." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah]


id: GO:0009668
name: plastid membrane organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of either of the lipid bilayers surrounding a plastid." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah]


id: GO:0009669
name: sucrose:monovalent cation symporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sucrose(out) + monovalent cation(out) = sucrose(in) + monovalent cation(in)." [GOC:jy, TC:2.A.2.-.-, TC:2.A.2.4.1]


id: GO:0009670
name: triose-phosphate:phosphate antiporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: triose-phosphate(out) + phosphate(in) = triose-phosphate(in) + phosphate(out)." [GOC:bf, GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, TC:2.A.7.-.-]


id: GO:0009671
name: nitrate:proton symporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: nitrate(out) + H+(out) = nitrate(in) + H+(in)." [GOC:mah, PMID:10066586, PMID:1990981]


id: GO:0009672
name: auxin:proton symporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: auxin(out) + H+(out) = auxin(in) + H+(in)." [PMID:8688077]


id: GO:0009673
name: low-affinity phosphate transmembrane transporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Enables the transfer of phosphate from one side of the membrane to the other. In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations." [TC:2.A.20.-.-]


id: GO:0009674
name: potassium:sodium symporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: K+(out) + Na+(out) = K+(in) + Na+(in)." [TC:2.A.38.3.1]


id: GO:0009675
name: high-affinity sulfate:proton symporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sulfate(out) + H+(out) = sulfate(in) + H+(in). In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations." [GOC:mah]


id: GO:0009676
name: low-affinity sulfate:proton symporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sulfate(out) + H+(out) = sulfate(in) + H+(in). In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations." [GOC:mah, PMID:7568135]


id: GO:0009677
name: double fertilization forming two zygotes
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Rudimentary double fertilization where one of the two sperm nuclei from the pollen tube fuses with the egg nucleus to form a 2n zygote, and the other fuses with the ventral canal cell nucleus to form a second zygote, which soon degenerates. An example of this process is found in the Gnetophytes, such as Welwitschia mirabilis." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009678
name: hydrogen-translocating pyrophosphatase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate, which generates a proton motive force." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, TC:3.A.10.-.-]


id: GO:0009679
name: hexose:proton symporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: hexose(out) + H+(out) = hexose(in) + H+(in)." [TC:2.A.1.-.-]


id: GO:0009682
name: induced systemic resistance
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A response to non-pathogenic bacteria that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance to disease that does not depend upon salicylic acid signaling." [PMID:10234273]


id: GO:0009683
name: indoleacetic acid metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving indole-3-acetic acid, a compound which functions as a growth regulator in plants." [GOC:mah]


id: GO:0009684
name: indoleacetic acid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of indole-3-acetic acid, a compound which functions as a growth regulator in plants." [ISBN:0387969845]


id: GO:0009685
name: gibberellin metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving gibberellin. Gibberellins are a class of highly modified terpenes that function as plant growth regulators." [ISBN:0387969845]


id: GO:0009686
name: gibberellin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gibberellin. Gibberellins are a class of highly modified terpenes that function as plant growth regulators." [ISBN:0387969845]


id: GO:0009687
name: abscisic acid metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving abscisic acid, 5-(1-hydroxy-2,6,6,trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-en-1-y1)-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid." [ISBN:0387969845]


id: GO:0009688
name: abscisic acid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of abscisic acid, 5-(1-hydroxy-2,6,6,trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-en-1-y1)-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid." [ISBN:0387969845]


id: GO:0009689
name: induction of phytoalexin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The activation of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytoalexins, low-molecular mass, lipophilic antimicrobial compounds that accumulate rapidly at sites of incompatible pathogen infection." [ISBN:0943088399]


id: GO:0009690
name: cytokinin metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving cytokinins, a class of adenine-derived compounds that can function in plants as growth regulators." [ISBN:0387969845]


id: GO:0009691
name: cytokinin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cytokinins, a class of adenine-derived compounds that can function in plants as growth regulators." [ISBN:0387969845]


id: GO:0009692
name: ethylene metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethylene (C2-H4, ethene), a simple hydrocarbon gas that can function in plants as a growth regulator." [ISBN:0387969845]


id: GO:0009693
name: ethylene biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ethylene (C2-H4, ethene), a simple hydrocarbon gas that can function in plants as a growth regulator." [ISBN:0387969845]


id: GO:0009694
name: jasmonic acid metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving jasmonic acid, a fatty acid derivative with the formula (1R-(1 alpha, 2 beta(Z)))-3-oxo-2-(2-pentenyl)cyclopentaneacetic acid." [ISBN:0387969845]


id: GO:0009695
name: jasmonic acid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of jasmonic acid, a fatty acid derivative." [ISBN:0387969845]


id: GO:0009696
name: salicylic acid metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving of salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid), a derivative of benzoic acid." [ISBN:0943088399]


id: GO:0009697
name: salicylic acid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid), a derivative of benzoic acid." [ISBN:0943088399]


id: GO:0009698
name: phenylpropanoid metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic derivatives of trans-cinnamic acid." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009699
name: phenylpropanoid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aromatic derivatives of trans-cinnamic acid." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009700
name: indole phytoalexin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of indole phytoalexins, any indole compound produced by plants as part of their defense response." [GOC:sm, ISBN:0198547684]


id: GO:0009701
name: isoflavonoid phytoalexin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isoflavonoid phytoalexins, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives isomeric with flavonoids that possess antibiotic activity and are produced by plant tissues in response to infection." [GOC:ai]


id: GO:0009702
name: L-arabinokinase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: L-arabinose + ATP = beta-L-arabinose 1-phosphate + ADP + 2 H(+)." [EC:2.7.1.46, RHEA:20156]


id: GO:0009704
name: de-etiolation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The greening response of plants grown in the dark (etiolated) as a result of chloroplast biogenesis and the accumulation of chlorophyll." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009705
name: plant-type vacuole membrane
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The lipid bilayer surrounding a vacuole that retains the same shape regardless of cell cycle phase. The membrane separates its contents from the cytoplasm of the cell. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0471245208]


id: GO:0009706
name: chloroplast inner membrane
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the chloroplast envelope; also faces the chloroplast stroma." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009708
name: benzyl isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of benzyl isoquinoline alkaloids, compounds with bicyclic N-containing aromatic rings." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009709
name: terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terpenoid indole alkaloids, compounds formed from the condensation of tryptamine (derived from tryptophan) and secologanin (derived from geranyl pyrophosphate)." [GOC:ai, http://rycomusa.com/aspp2000/public/P29/0525.html]


id: GO:0009710
name: tropane alkaloid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tropane alkaloids, compounds containing the 8-methyl-8-azabicyclo(3.2.1)octane ring system." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009711
name: purine alkaloid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine alkaloids, compounds derived from purine and composed of an N-containing double ring structure." [GOC:ai]


id: GO:0009712
name: catechol-containing compound metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a compound containing a pyrocatechol (1,2-benzenediol) nucleus or substituent." [GOC:sm, ISBN:0198547684]


id: GO:0009713
name: catechol-containing compound biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of catechol-containing compounds. Catechol is a compound containing a pyrocatechol nucleus or substituent." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009714
name: chalcone metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving chalcones, phenyl steryl ketone or its hydroxylated derivatives." [ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009715
name: chalcone biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chalcone, phenyl steryl ketone or its hydroxylated derivatives." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009716
name: flavonoid phytoalexin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavonoid phytoalexins, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives containing a flavan skeleton, which possess antibiotic activity and are produced by plant tissues in response to infection." [ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009717
name: isoflavonoid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isoflavonoids, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives, isomeric with flavonoids." [GOC:ai]


id: GO:0009718
name: anthocyanin-containing compound biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of anthocyanins, any member of a group of intensely colored soluble glycosides of anthocyanidins." [GOC:ai]


id: GO:0009719
name: response to endogenous stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus arising within the organism." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009720
name: detection of hormone stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a hormone stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009721
name: detection of auxin stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which an auxin stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009722
name: detection of cytokinin stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a cytokinin stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009723
name: response to ethylene
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ethylene (ethene) stimulus." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009724
name: detection of abscisic acid stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which an abscisic acid stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009725
name: response to hormone
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hormone stimulus." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009726
name: detection of endogenous stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which an endogenous stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009727
name: detection of ethylene stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which an ethylene (ethene) stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009728
name: detection of gibberellic acid stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a gibberellic acid stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009729
name: detection of brassinosteroid stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a brassinosteroid stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009730
name: detection of carbohydrate stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a carbohydrate stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009731
name: detection of sucrose stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a sucrose stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009732
name: detection of hexose stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a stimulus from a hexose is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009733
name: response to auxin
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an auxin stimulus." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009734
name: auxin-activated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A series of molecular signals generated by the binding of the plant hormone auxin to a receptor, and ending with modulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:sm, PMID:16990790, PMID:18647826]


id: GO:0009735
name: response to cytokinin
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytokinin stimulus." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009736
name: cytokinin-activated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A series of molecular signals generated by the binding of a cytokinin to a receptor, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:sm, PMID:24080474]


id: GO:0009737
name: response to abscisic acid
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abscisic acid stimulus." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009738
name: abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A series of molecular signals generated by the binding of the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) to a receptor, and ending with modulation of a cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:signaling, GOC:sm, PMID:24269821]


id: GO:0009739
name: response to gibberellin
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gibberellin stimulus." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009741
name: response to brassinosteroid
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a brassinosteroid stimulus." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009743
name: response to carbohydrate
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbohydrate stimulus." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009744
name: response to sucrose
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a sucrose stimulus." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009746
name: response to hexose
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hexose stimulus." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009747
name: hexokinase-dependent signaling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A series of molecular signals mediated by hexose and dependent on the detection of hexokinase." [GOC:mah, GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009749
name: response to glucose
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009750
name: response to fructose
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fructose stimulus." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009751
name: response to salicylic acid
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a salicylic acid stimulus." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009752
name: detection of salicylic acid stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a salicylic acid stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009753
name: response to jasmonic acid
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a jasmonic acid stimulus." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009754
name: detection of jasmonic acid stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a jasmonic acid stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Series of events required for a jasmonic acid stimulus to be detected and converted to a signal molecule." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009758
name: carbohydrate utilization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A series of processes that forms an integrated mechanism by which a cell or an organism detects the depletion of primary carbohydrate sources,usually glucose, and then activates genes to scavenge the last traces of the primary carbohydrate source and to transport and metabolize alternate carbohydrate sources. The utilization process begins when the cell or organism detects carbohydrate levels, includes the activation of genes whose products detect, transport or metabolize carbohydrates, and ends when the carbohydrate is incorporated into the cell or organism's metabolism." [GOC:mah, GOC:mcc2, GOC:mlg]


id: GO:0009759
name: indole glucosinolate biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of indole glucosinolates, sulfur-containing compounds that have a common structure linked to an R group derived from tryptophan." [GOC:ai]


id: GO:0009760
name: C4 photosynthesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The combination of atmospheric CO2 with a 3-carbon molecule phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) in the mesophyll cells to make a 4-carbon acid which is immediately converted to malic acid. The malic acid is then passed across to the bundle sheath cells where it is broken down again to pyruvic acid and CO2. The acid is passed back to the mesophyll cells to be used again, while the CO2 is fed into the reductive pentose-phosphate cycle (Calvin cycle) and converted into sugar and starch." [ISBN:0816017360]


id: GO:0009761
name: CAM photosynthesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The combination of atmospheric CO2 with a 3-carbon molecule phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) to make malic acid. The malic acid is then passed into the vacuole where it is stored until daylight, when it is shuttled back out to be used as a substrate in the light reaction of photosynthesis." [ISBN:0582015952]


id: GO:0009762
name: NADP-malic enzyme C4 photosynthesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process of C4 photosynthesis, as it occurs in plants in which the enzyme decarboxylating C4 acids in the bundle sheath is NADP-malic enzyme." [PMID:11788762]


id: GO:0009763
name: NAD-malic enzyme C4 photosynthesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process of C4 photosynthesis, as it occurs in plants in which the enzyme decarboxylating C4 acids in the bundle sheath is NAD-malic enzyme." [PMID:11788762]


id: GO:0009764
name: PEP carboxykinase C4 photosynthesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process of C4 photosynthesis, as it occurs in plants in which the enzyme decarboxylating C4 acids in the bundle sheath is phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK)." [PMID:11788762]


id: GO:0009765
name: photosynthesis, light harvesting
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Absorption and transfer of the energy absorbed from light photons between photosystem reaction centers." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009766
name: primary charge separation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "In the photosynthetic reaction centers, primary charge separation is initiated by the excitation of a molecule followed by the transfer of an electron to an electron acceptor molecule following energy transfer from light harvesting complexes." [ISBN:0792361431]


id: GO:0009767
name: photosynthetic electron transport chain
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process, occurring as part of photosynthesis, in which light provides the energy for a series of electron carriers to operate together to transfer electrons and generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient." [GOC:mtg_electron_transport, ISBN:0198547684]


id: GO:0009768
name: photosynthesis, light harvesting in photosystem I
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "After a photon of light is absorbed by one of the many chlorophyll molecules, in one of the light-harvesting complexes of an antenna on photosystem I, some of the absorbed energy is transferred to the pair of chlorophyll molecules in the reaction center." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0716731363, ISBN:0816017360]


id: GO:0009769
name: photosynthesis, light harvesting in photosystem II
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "After a photon of light is absorbed by one of the many chlorophyll molecules, in one of the light-harvesting complexes of an antenna on photosystem II, some of the absorbed energy is transferred to the pair of chlorophyll molecules in the reaction center." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0716731363, ISBN:0816017360]


id: GO:0009770
name: primary charge separation in photosystem I
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Energized reaction-center P700 chlorophylls on photosystem I donate an electron to a loosely bound Quinone acceptor molecule X, on the stromal surface of the thylakoid membrane. The result is charge separation; a negative charge on the stromal side of the thylakoid membrane and a positive charge on the luminal side." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0716731363, ISBN:0816017360]


id: GO:0009771
name: primary charge separation in photosystem II
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Energized reaction-center P680 chlorophylls on photosystem II donate an electron to a loosely bound acceptor molecule, the quinone Q, on the stromal surface of the thylakoid membrane. The result is charge separation; a negative charge on the stromal side of the thylakoid membrane and a positive charge on the luminal side." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0716731363, ISBN:0816017360]


id: GO:0009772
name: photosynthetic electron transport in photosystem II
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A photosynthetic electron transport chain in which electrons move from the primary electron acceptor (Quinone, Q) through a chain of electron transport molecules in the thylakoid membrane until they reach the ultimate electron acceptor of Photosystem II, which is plastocyanin (PC). The electron is then passed to the P700 chlorophyll a molecules of the reaction centre of photosystem I." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0716731363, ISBN:0816017360]


id: GO:0009773
name: photosynthetic electron transport in photosystem I
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A photosynthetic electron transport chain in which electrons move from the primary electron acceptor (Quinone, X) through a chain of electron transport molecules in the thylakoid membrane until they reach ferredoxin which passes the electron to the ultimate electron acceptor; NADP." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0716731363, ISBN:0816017360]


id: GO:0009777
name: photosynthetic phosphorylation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any metabolic process in which photosynthetic organisms use light energy to convert ADP to ATP without the concomitant reduction of dioxygen (O2) to water that occurs in phosphorylation." [ISBN:0198547684]


id: GO:0009778
name: cyclic photosynthetic phosphorylation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A photosynthetic phosphorylation process in which ATP synthesis is driven by a proton gradient generated across the thylakoid membrane. Involves only photosystem I." [ISBN:0198547684]


id: GO:0009779
name: noncyclic photosynthetic phosphorylation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A photosynthetic phosphorylation process in which ATP synthesis is linked to the transport of electrons from water to NADP+ with the production of NADPH and dioxygen (O2). Involves photosystem I and photosystem II." [ISBN:0198547684]


id: GO:0009780
name: photosynthetic NADP+ reduction
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "An NADPH regeneration process that contributes to the light reactions of photosynthesis. The light reactions of photosynthesis use energy from photons to generate high-energy electrons. These electrons are used directly to reduce NADP+ to NADPH. NADPH is a relatively stable molecule and can pass on its hydrogen atom to other molecules in chemical reactions." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0716746840, ISBN:0816017360]


id: GO:0009781
name: obsolete photosynthetic water oxidation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Processes by which a molecule of water is oxidized during photosynthesis. P680+, the photochemically oxidized reaction-center chlorophyll of PSII, is a strong biological oxidant. The reduction potential of P680+ is more positive than that of water, and thus it can oxidize water to give O2 and H+ ions. The oxygen escapes as a gas while the H+ ions remain in solution inside the thylakoid vesicle." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0716743663, ISBN:0816017360]


id: GO:0009782
name: photosystem I antenna complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The antenna complex of photosystem I. A photosystem has two closely linked components, an antenna containing light-absorbing pigments and a reaction center. Each antenna contains one or more light-harvesting complexes (LHCs)." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0716731363]


id: GO:0009783
name: photosystem II antenna complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The antenna complex of photosystem II. A photosystem has two closely linked components, an antenna containing light-absorbing pigments and a reaction center. Each antenna contains one or more light-harvesting complexes (LHCs)." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0716731363]


id: GO:0009784
name: transmembrane receptor histidine kinase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-histidine = ADP + a protein-L-histidine phosphate." [GOC:lr, GOC:mah]


id: GO:0009785
name: blue light signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of molecular signals initiated upon sensing of blue light by photoreceptor molecule, at a wavelength between 400nm and 470nm." [GOC:lr, GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009787
name: regulation of abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009788
name: negative regulation of abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009789
name: positive regulation of abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009790
name: embryo development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo from its formation until the end of its embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic stage is organism-specific. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0009791
name: post-embryonic development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure. See embryonic development." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009792
name: embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo over time, from zygote formation until the end of the embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic life stage is organism-specific and may be somewhat arbitrary; for mammals it is usually considered to be birth, for insects the hatching of the first instar larva from the eggshell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0009793
name: embryo development ending in seed dormancy
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo over time, from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0009794
name: regulation of mitotic cell cycle, embryonic
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of replication and segregation of genetic material in the embryo." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009798
name: axis specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of a pattern along a line or around a point." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete]


id: GO:0009799
name: specification of symmetry
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The establishment of an organism's body plan or part of an organism such that a similar arrangement in form and relationship of parts around a common axis, or around each side of a plane is created." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009800
name: cinnamic acid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cinnamic acid, 3-phenyl-2-propenoic acid." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009801
name: cinnamic acid ester metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ester derivatives of cinnamic acid, phenylpropenoic acid." [GOC:lr, GOC:yl]


id: GO:0009802
name: cinnamic acid ester biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ester derivatives of cinnamic acid, phenylpropenoic acid." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009804
name: coumarin metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving coumarins, compounds derived from the phenylacrylic skeleton of cinnamic acids." [GOC:lr, GOC:yl]


id: GO:0009805
name: coumarin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coumarins, a class of compounds derived from the phenylacrylic skeleton of cinnamic acids." [GOC:lr, GOC:yl]


id: GO:0009806
name: lignan metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lignans, any member of a class of plant metabolites related to lignins. Lignans are usually found as phenylpropanoid dimers in which the phenylpropanoid units are linked tail to tail and thus having a 2,3 dibenzylbutane skeleton, but higher oligomers can also exist." [GOC:jl, PMID:10074466]


id: GO:0009807
name: lignan biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lignans, any member of a class of plant metabolites related to lignins. Lignans are usually found as phenylpropanoid dimers in which the phenylpropanoid units are linked tail to tail and thus having a 2,3 dibenzylbutane skeleton, but higher oligomers can also exist." [GOC:jl, PMID:10074466]


id: GO:0009808
name: lignin metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving lignins, a class of polymers of phenylpropanoid units." [GOC:lr, GOC:yl]


id: GO:0009809
name: lignin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lignins, a class of polymers formed by the dehydrogenetive radical polymerization of various phenylpropanoid monomers." [GOC:tair_curators, ISBN:0198547684]


id: GO:0009810
name: stilbene metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving stilbenes, a class of polyketides formed from a molecule of cinnamic acid and three molecules of malonyl-CoA." [ISBN:311011625]


id: GO:0009811
name: stilbene biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of stilbenes, a class of polyketide compounds formed from cinnamic acid and three molecules of malonyl CoA." [GOC:tair_curators, ISBN:3110116251]


id: GO:0009812
name: flavonoid metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving flavonoids, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives containing a flavan skeleton including flavones, flavonols and flavanoids, and anthocyanins." [GOC:tair_curators, ISBN:0198547684]


id: GO:0009813
name: flavonoid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavonoids, a group of phenolic derivatives containing a flavan skeleton." [GOC:tair_curators, ISBN:0198547684]


id: GO:0009814
name: defense response, incompatible interaction
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A response of a plant to a pathogenic agent that prevents the occurrence or spread of disease." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009815
name: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + L-ascorbate + O(2) = CO(2) + dehydroascorbate + ethylene + 2 H(2)O + hydrogen cyanide. Ethene is also known as ethylene." [EC:1.14.17.4, RHEA:23643]


id: GO:0009816
name: defense response to bacterium, incompatible interaction
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A response of an organism to a bacterium that prevents the occurrence or spread of disease." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009818
name: defense response to protozoan, incompatible interaction
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A response of an organism to a protozoan that prevents the occurrence or spread of disease." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009819
name: drought recovery
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of prolonged deprivation of water that restores that organism to a normal (non-stressed) condition." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009820
name: alkaloid metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving alkaloids, nitrogen containing natural products which are not otherwise classified as peptides, nonprotein amino acids, amines, cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates, cofactors, phytohormones or primary metabolites (such as purine or pyrimidine bases)." [GOC:lr, ISBN:0122146743]


id: GO:0009821
name: alkaloid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alkaloids, nitrogen-containing natural products which are not otherwise classified as nonprotein amino acids, amines, peptides, amines, cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates, cofactors, phytohormones, or primary metabolite (such as purine or pyrimidine bases)." [EC:1.1.1.51, GOC:lr, ISBN:0122146743]


id: GO:0009822
name: alkaloid catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alkaloids, nitrogen containing natural products not otherwise classified as peptides, nonprotein amino acids, amines, cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates, cofactors, phytohormones or primary metabolites (such as purine or pyrimidine bases)." [GOC:lr, ISBN:01221146743]


id: GO:0009823
name: cytokinin catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cytokinins, a class of adenine-derived compounds that can function in plants as plant growth regulators." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009824
name: AMP dimethylallyltransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: AMP + dimethylallyl diphosphate = N(6)-(dimethylallyl)adenosine 5'-phosphate + diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.27, RHEA:15288]


id: GO:0009825
name: multidimensional cell growth
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size in two or three [spatial] dimensions or along two or three axes." [ISBN:0943088399]


id: GO:0009826
name: unidimensional cell growth
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size in one [spatial] dimension or along one axis, resulting in the morphogenesis of the cell." [ISBN:0943088399]


id: GO:0009827
name: plant-type cell wall modification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events leading to chemical and structural alterations of an existing cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall that can result in loosening, increased extensibility or disassembly. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0009828
name: plant-type cell wall loosening
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events causing chemical and structural alterations of an existing cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall that results in greater extensibility of the wall. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0009829
name: cell wall modification involved in fruit ripening
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events resulting in chemical or structural alterations of existing cell walls that contribute to fruit ripening." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009830
name: cell wall modification involved in abscission
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A cellular process that results in the breakdown of the cell wall that contributes to the process of abscission." [GOC:dph, GOC:lr, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009831
name: plant-type cell wall modification involved in multidimensional cell growth
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events that occur during cell growth that result in chemical or structural changes to existing cell walls of the type composed chiefly of cellulose and pectin. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0009832
name: plant-type cell wall biogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0009833
name: plant-type primary cell wall biogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of cellulose and pectin-containing cell walls that form adjacent to the middle lamella following cell division and during cell expansion. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0009834
name: plant-type secondary cell wall biogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of inextensible cellulose- and pectin-containing cell walls that are formed between the plasma membrane and primary cell wall after cell expansion is complete. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0009835
name: fruit ripening
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "An aging process that has as participant a fruit. Ripening causes changes in one or more characteristics of a fruit (color, aroma, flavor, texture, hardness, cell wall structure) and may make it more attractive to animals and aid in seed dispersal." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009836
name: fruit ripening, climacteric
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A fruit ripening process that involves a burst of respiration and ethylene (ethene) evolution at the onset." [GOC:lr, ISBN:0521587840]


id: GO:0009839
name: obsolete SCF complex substrate recognition subunit
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "OBSOLETE. The portion of the SCF ubiquitin ligase complex that contains sites required for recognition (and recruitment) of the substrate to the complex." [PMID:11790542, PMID:9857172]


id: GO:0009842
name: cyanelle
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A plastid that contains unstacked, phycobilisome-bearing thylakoid membranes and is surrounded by a double membrane with a peptidoglycan layer in the intermembrane space between the two envelope membranes. Cyanelles are characteristic of algae in the class Glaucophyta, and may represent an ancestral form of plastid." [ISBN:052131687, ISBN:1402001894]


id: GO:0009843
name: cyanelle thylakoid
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A thylakoid found in a cyanelle, which is a type of plastid found in certain algae. The cyanelle contains a photosynthetic membrane resembling that of cyanobacteria." [GOC:lr, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0009844
name: obsolete germination
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. The physiological and developmental changes by a seed, spore, pollen grain (microspore), or zygote that occur after release from dormancy, and encompassing events prior to and including the first visible indications of growth." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009845
name: seed germination
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The physiological and developmental changes that occur in a seed commencing with water uptake (imbibition) and terminating with the elongation of the embryonic axis." [PMID:8281041]


id: GO:0009846
name: pollen germination
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The physiological and developmental changes that occur in a heterosporous plant pollen grain, beginning with hydration and terminating with the emergence of the pollen tube through the aperture." [GOC:lr, http://www.bio.uu.nl, ISBN:0943088399]


id: GO:0009847
name: spore germination
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The physiological and developmental changes that occur in a spore following release from dormancy up to the earliest signs of growth (e.g. emergence from a spore wall)." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009848
name: indoleacetic acid biosynthetic process via tryptophan
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of indole-3-acetic acid that occurs through metabolism of L-tryptophan." [GOC:lm, GOC:lr, PMID:10375566]


id: GO:0009849
name: tryptophan-independent indoleacetic acid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of indoleacetic acid, independent of tryptophan." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:lm, GOC:lr, PMID:10375566]


id: GO:0009850
name: auxin metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving auxins, a group of plant hormones that regulate aspects of plant growth." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009851
name: auxin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of auxins, plant hormones that regulate aspects of plant growth." [GOC:lm, GOC:lr, ISBN:0122146743]


id: GO:0009852
name: auxin catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of auxins, a group of plant hormones that regulate aspects of plant growth." [GOC:lm, GOC:lr, ISBN:0198547684]


id: GO:0009853
name: photorespiration
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A light-dependent catabolic process occurring concomitantly with photosynthesis in plants (especially C3 plants) whereby dioxygen (O2) is consumed and carbon dioxide (CO2) is evolved. The substrate is glycolate formed in large quantities in chloroplasts from 2-phosphoglycolate generated from ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate by the action of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; the glycolate enters the peroxisomes where it is converted by glycolate oxidase to glyoxylate which undergoes transamination to glycine. This then passes into the mitochondria where it is decarboxylated forming one molecule of serine for every two molecules of glycine. This pathway also exists in photosynthetic bacteria." [ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009854
name: oxidative photosynthetic carbon pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The reactions of the C2 pathway bring about the metabolic conversion of two molecules of 2-phosphoglycolate to one molecule of 3-phosphoglycerate, which can be used by the C3 cycle, and one molecule of carbon dioxide (CO2)." [ISBN:00943088399]


id: GO:0009855
name: determination of bilateral symmetry
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The establishment of an organism's body plan or part of an organism with respect to a single longitudinal plane. The pattern can either be symmetric, such that the halves are mirror images, or asymmetric where the pattern deviates from this symmetry." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009856
name: pollination
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The cascade of biological processes occurring in plants beginning when the pollen lands on the stigma and continuing up to, but not including, fertilization, as defined by sperm-central cell fusion." [GOC:tb, PMID:10973091]


id: GO:0009858
name: obsolete compatible pollen-pistil interaction
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. An interaction between a pollen grain and pistil that results in unimpeded growth of the pollen tube through the stigma and style." [GOC:lr, ISBN:0387987819]


id: GO:0009861
name: jasmonic acid and ethylene-dependent systemic resistance
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The jasmonic acid and ethylene (ethene) dependent process that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance to disease in response to wounding or a pathogen." [GOC:jy, PMID:10234273]


id: GO:0009862
name: systemic acquired resistance, salicylic acid mediated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of molecular signals mediated by salicylic acid involved in systemic acquired resistance." [GOC:jy]


id: GO:0009864
name: induced systemic resistance, jasmonic acid mediated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of molecular signals mediated by jasmonic acid involved in induced systemic resistance." [GOC:jy]


id: GO:0009865
name: pollen tube adhesion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the pollen tube adheres to cells of the stigma and style." [GOC:tair_curators, PMID:12602877]


id: GO:0009866
name: induced systemic resistance, ethylene mediated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of molecular signals mediated by ethylene (ethene) involved in induced systemic resistance." [GOC:jy]


id: GO:0009867
name: jasmonic acid mediated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A series of molecular signals mediated by jasmonic acid." [GOC:jy, PMID:16478936, PMID:19522558, PMID:20159850]


id: GO:0009868
name: jasmonic acid and ethylene-dependent systemic resistance, jasmonic acid mediated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of molecular signals mediated by jasmonic acid involved in jasmonic acid/ethylene (ethene) dependent systemic resistance." [GOC:jy]


id: GO:0009869
name: obsolete incompatible pollen-pistil interaction
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. An interaction between a pollen grain and pistil that results in inhibition of pollen germination/growth." [PMID:10375566]


id: GO:0009870
name: defense response signaling pathway, resistance gene-dependent
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A series of molecular signals that depends upon R-genes and is activated during defense response." [GOC:jy, GOC:mah, PMID:11418339]


id: GO:0009871
name: jasmonic acid and ethylene-dependent systemic resistance, ethylene mediated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of molecular signals mediated by ethylene (ethene) involved in jasmonic acid/ethylene dependent systemic resistance." [GOC:jy]


id: GO:0009872
name: obsolete gametophytic self-incompatibility
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. A mechanism that functions to prevent self-fertilization in flowering plants that is determined by the diploid genotype of the parent plant. In sporophytic incompatibility the pollen does not germinate, consequently fertilization does not take place." [ISBN:0387987819]


id: GO:0009873
name: ethylene-activated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A series of molecular signals generated by the reception of ethylene (ethene, C2H4) by a receptor and ending with modulation of a cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:jy, PMID:24012247]


id: GO:0009876
name: pollen adhesion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which pollen deposited on the stigma adheres to cells of the stigma." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0009878
name: nodule morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the anatomical structures of the nodule are generated and organized." [GOC:jid]


id: GO:0009879
name: determination of radial symmetry
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The establishment of an organism's body plan or a part of an organism such that it is symmetric around a central axis." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009880
name: embryonic pattern specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process that results in the patterns of cell differentiation that will arise in an embryo." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0521436125]


id: GO:0009881
name: photoreceptor activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "The function of absorbing and responding to incidental electromagnetic radiation, particularly visible light. The response may involve a change in conformation." [GOC:ai, GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009882
name: blue light photoreceptor activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "The function of absorbing and responding to electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of approximately 400-470nm. The response may involve a change in conformation." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009883
name: red or far-red light photoreceptor activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "The function of absorbing and responding to electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of approximately 660-730nm. The response may involve a change in conformation." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009884
name: cytokinin receptor activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Combining with a cytokinin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:lr, GOC:signaling]


id: GO:0009885
name: transmembrane histidine kinase cytokinin receptor activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Combining with a cytokinin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-histidine = ADP + a protein-L-histidine phosphate." [GOC:lr, GOC:mah]


id: GO:0009886
name: post-embryonic morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process, occurring after embryonic development, by which anatomical structures are generated and organized." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009887
name: organ morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Morphogenesis of an organ. An organ is defined as a tissue or set of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis is the process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions." [GOC:dgh, GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0471245208, ISBN:0721662544]


id: GO:0009888
name: tissue development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [ISBN:0471245208]


id: GO:0009889
name: regulation of biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009890
name: negative regulation of biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009891
name: positive regulation of biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009892
name: negative regulation of metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009893
name: positive regulation of metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009894
name: regulation of catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009895
name: negative regulation of catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009896
name: positive regulation of catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009897
name: external side of plasma membrane
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The leaflet of the plasma membrane that faces away from the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface." [GOC:dos, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009898
name: cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The leaflet the plasma membrane that faces the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface." [GOC:dos, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009899
name: ent-kaurene synthase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: ent-copalyl diphosphate = ent-kaur-16-ene + diphosphate." [EC:4.2.3.19, RHEA:22223]


id: GO:0009900
name: dehiscence
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The opening of an anther, fruit or other structure, which permits the escape of reproductive bodies contained within it." [ISBN:0879015322]


id: GO:0009902
name: chloroplast relocation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which chloroplasts in photosynthetic cells migrate toward illuminated sites to optimize photosynthesis and move away from excessively illuminated areas to protect the photosynthetic machinery." [PMID:11309623]


id: GO:0009903
name: chloroplast avoidance movement
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The relocation process in which chloroplasts in photosynthetic cells avoid strong light and move away from it in order to preserve the photosynthetic machinery." [GOC:tb, PMID:11978863]


id: GO:0009904
name: chloroplast accumulation movement
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The relocation process in which chloroplasts in photosynthetic cells move toward a brighter area in a cell to optimize photosynthesis." [GOC:tb, PMID:11978863]


id: GO:0009905
name: ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate = ent-copalyl diphosphate." [EC:5.5.1.13, RHEA:14844]


id: GO:0009906
name: response to photoperiod, blue light
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of the detection of a blue light photoperiod stimulus. Blue light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of between 440 and 500nm." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_far_red]


id: GO:0009907
name: response to photoperiod, red light
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a red light photoperiod stimulus. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_far_red]


id: GO:0009908
name: flower development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the flower over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The flower is the reproductive structure in a plant, and its development begins with the transition of the vegetative or inflorescence meristem into a floral meristem." [GOC:tb, ISBN:0879015322]


id: GO:0009910
name: negative regulation of flower development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of flower development." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009911
name: positive regulation of flower development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of flower development." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009912
name: auditory receptor cell fate commitment
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the cellular identity of auditory hair cells is acquired and determined." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0009913
name: epidermal cell differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epidermal cell, any of the cells making up the epidermis." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009914
name: hormone transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The directed movement of hormones into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009915
name: phloem sucrose loading
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process of loading sucrose into the sieve tube or companion cell of the phloem for long distance transport from source to sink." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009916
name: alternative oxidase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the oxidation of ubiquinol by diverting electrons from the standard electron transfer chain, transferring them from ubiquinol to oxygen and generating water as the product." [ISBN:0943088399]


id: GO:0009920
name: cell plate formation involved in plant-type cell wall biogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The cell cycle process in which the cell plate is formed at the equator of the spindle in the dividing cells during early telophase. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:tb, ISBN:0879015322]


id: GO:0009921
name: auxin efflux carrier complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The protein complex associated with the plasma membrane of certain plant cells (e.g. root cortex, epidermal cells) that functions to transport auxin out of the cell." [PMID:9843496]


id: GO:0009922
name: fatty acid elongase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: fatty acid (C-16 or longer) + 2-C = fatty acid (C-16 or longer + 2-C)." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009923
name: fatty acid elongase complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A tetrameric complex of four different subunits which catalyzes the elongation of fatty acids chains 2 carbon units at a time in the synthesis of very long chain fatty acids." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009925
name: basal plasma membrane
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The region of the plasma membrane located at the basal end of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009926
name: auxin polar transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The unidirectional movement of auxin in the stem from tip to base along the vector of gravity or basipetally." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009927
name: histidine phosphotransfer kinase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Serves as a phospho-His intermediate enabling the transfer of phospho group between a hybrid kinase and a response regulator." [PMID:11842140]


id: GO:0009931
name: calcium-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + a protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate; and ATP + a protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate. These reactions are dependent on the presence of calcium ions." [GOC:mah]


id: GO:0009933
name: meristem structural organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Organization of a region of tissue in a plant that is composed of one or more undifferentiated cells capable of undergoing mitosis and differentiation, thereby effecting growth and development of a plant by giving rise to more meristem or specialized tissue." [GOC:sm, ISBN:0198547684]


id: GO:0009936
name: obsolete expansin
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "OBSOLETE. A group of proteins located within the cell walls of plants, both dicots and grasses, that play an essential role in loosening cell walls during cell growth. They are hydrophobic, non glycosylated proteins of about 30kDa." [ISBN:0198547684]


id: GO:0009937
name: regulation of gibberellic acid mediated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gibberellic acid mediated signaling." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009938
name: negative regulation of gibberellic acid mediated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gibberellic acid mediated signaling activity." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009939
name: positive regulation of gibberellic acid mediated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gibberellic acid mediated signaling activity." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009940
name: amino-terminal vacuolar sorting propeptide binding
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an amino terminal propeptide, which functions as a sorting signal to sort away the soluble vacuolar protein from Golgi to lytic vacuole via clathrin-coated vesicles." [GOC:sm, PMID:10871276]


id: GO:0009941
name: chloroplast envelope
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The double lipid bilayer enclosing the chloroplast and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009942
name: longitudinal axis specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the longitudinal axis. In plants, this is the axis that runs from the shoot to the root." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009943
name: adaxial/abaxial axis specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the adaxial / abaxial axis. Adaxial refers to being situated toward an axis of an anatomical structure. Abaxial refers to being situated away from an axis of an anatomical structure." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009944
name: polarity specification of adaxial/abaxial axis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process resulting in the establishment of polarity along the adaxial/abaxial axis. Adaxial refers to being situated toward an axis of an anatomical structure. Abaxial refers to being situated away from an axis of an anatomical structure." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009945
name: radial axis specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of an axis that initiates at a point and radiates outward from the point." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete]


id: GO:0009946
name: proximal/distal axis specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the proximal/distal axis. The proximal/distal axis is defined by a line that runs from main body (proximal end) of an organism outward (distal end)." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009947
name: centrolateral axis specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the centrolateral axis. In plants, this axis is duplicated and runs from the midrib to the margin of the leaf." [GOC:dsz, GOC:tb, ISBN:0865427429]


id: GO:0009948
name: anterior/posterior axis specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the anterior/posterior axis. The anterior-posterior axis is defined by a line that runs from the head or mouth of an organism to the tail or opposite end of the organism." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009949
name: polarity specification of anterior/posterior axis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process resulting in the establishment of polarity along the anterior/posterior axis." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009950
name: dorsal/ventral axis specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009951
name: polarity specification of dorsal/ventral axis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process resulting in the establishment of polarity along the dorsal/ventral axis." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009952
name: anterior/posterior pattern specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along the anterior-posterior axis. The anterior-posterior axis is defined by a line that runs from the head or mouth of an organism to the tail or opposite end of the organism." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009953
name: dorsal/ventral pattern formation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The regionalization process in which the areas along the dorsal/ventral axis are established that will lead to differences in cell differentiation. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009954
name: proximal/distal pattern formation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along a proximal/distal axis. The proximal/distal axis is defined by a line that runs from main body (proximal end) of an organism outward (distal end)." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete]


id: GO:0009955
name: adaxial/abaxial pattern specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The regionalization process in which differences in cell differentiation along the adaxial/abaxial are generated. Adaxial refers to being situated toward an axis of an anatomical structure. Abaxial refers to being situated away from an axis of an anatomical structure." [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009956
name: radial pattern formation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The regionalization process that results in defined areas around a point in which specific types of cell differentiation will occur." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete]


id: GO:0009957
name: epidermal cell fate specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an epidermal cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009960
name: endosperm development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the endosperm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The endosperm is formed during fertilization and provides nutrients to the developing embryo." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009961
name: response to 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid stimulus." [GOC:jl]


id: GO:0009962
name: regulation of flavonoid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavonoids." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009963
name: positive regulation of flavonoid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavonoids." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009964
name: negative regulation of flavonoid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavonoids." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009965
name: leaf morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the anatomical structures of the leaf are generated and organized." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009967
name: positive regulation of signal transduction
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009968
name: negative regulation of signal transduction
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009969
name: xyloglucan biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of xyloglucan, the cross-linking glycan composed of (1->4)-beta-D glucan backbone substituted at regular intervals with beta-D-xylosyl-(1->6) residues, which is present in the primary cell wall of most higher plants." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009970
name: cellular response to sulfate starvation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of sulfate." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0009971
name: anastral spindle assembly involved in male meiosis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the anastral spindle in male meiotic cells." [GOC:tb, PMID:11973272]


id: GO:0009973
name: adenylyl-sulfate reductase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: AMP + sulfite + acceptor = adenylyl sulfate + reduced acceptor." [EC:1.8.99.2, PMID:5421934]


id: GO:0009974
name: zeinoxanthin epsilon hydroxylase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: zeinoxanthin + NADPH + O2 + H+ = lutein + NADP+ + H2O. Adds a hydroxyl group to the epsilon ring of the alpha-carotene." [MetaCyc:RXN-5962, PMID:8837513]


id: GO:0009976
name: tocopherol cyclase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: alkene group + alcohol group on same molecule = cyclic ether. Substrates are 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4- hydroquinone (forms delta-tocopherol) and 2,3-dimethyl-5-phytyl-1,4-hydroquinone (forms gamma-tocopherol)." [PMID:12213958]


id: GO:0009977
name: proton motive force dependent protein transmembrane transporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the transfer of proteins from one side of the membrane to the other. Transportation is dependent on pH gradient across the membrane." [PMID:11526245]


id: GO:0009978
name: allene oxide synthase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: 13(S)-hydroperoxylinolenate = 12,13(S)-epoxylinolenate + H2O." [EC:4.2.1.92, MetaCyc:RXN1F-19, PMID:9778849]


id: GO:0009979
name: 16:0 monogalactosyldiacylglycerol desaturase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the introduction of an omega-3 double bond into an unsaturated 16-carbon fatty acid in a monogalactosyldiacylglycerol molecule." [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:RXN-1728, MetaCyc:RXN-8304, MetaCyc:RXN-8307]


id: GO:0009980
name: obsolete glutamate carboxypeptidase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the release of C-terminal glutamate residues from a wide range of N-acylating groups, including peptidyl, aminoacyl, benzoyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, folyl and pteroyl groups." [EC:3.4.17.11, MetaCyc:3.4.17.11-RXN]


id: GO:0009982
name: pseudouridine synthase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: RNA uridine = RNA pseudouridine. Conversion of uridine in an RNA molecule to pseudouridine by rotation of the C1'-N-1 glycosidic bond of uridine in RNA to a C1'-C5." [EC:5.4.99.12, GOC:mah]


id: GO:0009983
name: obsolete tyrosine aminopeptidase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the release of N-terminal tyrosine from a peptide." [GOC:sm, ISBN:0198506732]


id: GO:0009984
name: obsolete adenylate forming enzyme activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: substrate + ATP = substrate-AMP + diphosphate." [PMID:12084835]


id: GO:0009987
name: cellular process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete]


id: GO:0009988
name: cell-cell recognition
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Cell recognition between cells. May involve the formation of specialized cell junctions." [ISBN:0824072820]


id: GO:0009989
name: cell-matrix recognition
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Cell recognition that involves the interaction of the cell with the extracellular matrix." [ISBN:0824072820]


id: GO:0009990
name: contact guidance
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Cell recognition involving the deposition of specific pathways in the extracellular matrix that guide migrating cells." [ISBN:0824072820]


id: GO:0009991
name: response to extracellular stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an extracellular stimulus." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009992
name: cellular water homeostasis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of water within a cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0009994
name: oocyte differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a relatively unspecialized immature germ cell acquires the specialized features of a mature female gamete." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0009996
name: negative regulation of cell fate specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that restricts, stops or prevents a cell from adopting a specific cell fate." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009997
name: negative regulation of cardioblast cell fate specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that restricts, stops or prevents a cell from specifying into a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009998
name: negative regulation of retinal cone cell fate specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that restricts, stops or prevents a cell from specifying into a retinal cone cell." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0009999
name: negative regulation of auditory receptor cell fate specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that restricts, stops or prevents a cell from specifying into an auditory hair cell." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0010001
name: glial cell differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a glial cell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0010002
name: cardioblast differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0010004
name: gastrulation involving germ band extension
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A complex and coordinated series of cellular movements, including germ band extension, that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu]


id: GO:0010005
name: cortical microtubule, transverse to long axis
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "Arrays of microtubules underlying and connected to the plasma membrane, in the cortical cytosol, oriented mainly with their axes transverse to the long axis of the cell (and root in plants). In plants it influences the direction of cellulose microfibril deposition." [ISBN:0943088399]


id: GO:0010007
name: magnesium chelatase complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A heterotrimeric enzyme complex composed of three subunits, all of which are required for enzyme activity, which catalyzes the chelation of Mg by proto IX in an ATP-dependent manner." [PMID:11842180]


id: GO:0010011
name: auxin binding
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with auxin, plant hormones that regulate aspects of plant growth." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010013
name: N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid binding
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid, an auxin transport inhibitor." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010014
name: meristem initiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Initiation of a region of tissue in a plant that is composed of one or more undifferentiated cells capable of undergoing mitosis and differentiation, thereby effecting growth and development of a plant by giving rise to more meristem or specialized tissue." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010015
name: root morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the anatomical structures of roots are generated and organized. The root is the usually underground part of a seed plant body that originates from the hypocotyl, functions as an organ of absorption, aeration, and food storage or as a means of anchorage and support." [GOC:sm, ISBN:0877797099]


id: GO:0010016
name: shoot system morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the anatomical structures of the shoot are generated and organized. The shoot is the part of a seed plant body that is usually above ground." [GOC:sm, ISBN:0877797099]


id: GO:0010017
name: red or far-red light signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of molecular signals initiated upon sensing by photoreceptor molecules of red light or far red light. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm. Far red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 700-800nm. An example of this response is seen at the beginning of many plant species developmental stages. These include germination, and the point when cotyledon expansion is triggered. In certain species these processes take place in response to absorption of red light by the pigment molecule phytochrome, but the signal can be reversed by exposure to far red light. During the initial phase the phytochrome molecule is only present in the red light absorbing form, but on absorption of red light it changes to a far red light absorbing form, triggering progress through development. An immediate short period of exposure to far red light entirely returns the pigment to its initial state and prevents triggering of the developmental process. A thirty minute break between red and subsequent far red light exposure renders the red light effect irreversible, and development then occurs regardless of whether far red light exposure subsequently occurs." [GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_far_red, GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010018
name: far-red light signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of molecular signals initiated upon sensing of far red light by a photoreceptor molecule. Far red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 700-800nm. An example of this response is seen at the beginning of many plant species developmental stages. These include germination, and the point when cotyledon expansion is triggered. In certain species these processes take place in response to absorption of red light by the pigment molecule phytochrome, but the signal can be reversed by exposure to far red light. During the initial phase the phytochrome molecule is only present in the red light absorbing form, but on absorption of red light it changes to a far red light absorbing form, triggering progress through development. An immediate short period of exposure to far red light entirely returns the pigment to its initial state and prevents triggering of the developmental process. A thirty minute break between red and subsequent far red light exposure renders the red light effect irreversible, and development then occurs regardless of whether far red light exposure subsequently occurs." [GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_far_red, GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010019
name: chloroplast-nucleus signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a molecular signal is transduced between the chloroplast and nucleus, such that expression of nuclear encoding photosynthetic proteins is coupled with chloroplast biogenesis." [PMID:8972595]


id: GO:0010020
name: chloroplast fission
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The division of a chloroplast within a cell to form two or more separate chloroplast compartments. This division occurs independently of mitosis." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0010021
name: amylopectin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amylopectin, the (1->4) linked alpha glucose units with alpha-(1->6) linkages." [ISBN:0943088399]


id: GO:0010022
name: meristem determinacy
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a meristem becomes determinate (i.e. ceases to produce lateral organs and may or may not terminally differentiate)." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0010024
name: phytochromobilin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytochromobilin, which involves the oxidative cleavage of heme by a heme oxygenase(HO) to form biliverdin IX alpha." [PMID:11402195]


id: GO:0010025
name: wax biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of wax, which includes C16 and C18 fatty acids." [ISBN:0943088399]


id: GO:0010026
name: trichome differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a relatively unspecialized epidermal cell acquires the specialized features of a trichome cell. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:9367433]


id: GO:0010027
name: thylakoid membrane organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the thylakoid membrane." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010028
name: xanthophyll cycle
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A cyclic series of interconversions involving three xanthophylls, violoxanthin, antheraxanthin, and zeaxanthin. The xanthophyll cycle is involved in regulating energy dissipation in light harvesting complex II." [ISBN:0122146743]


id: GO:0010031
name: circumnutation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The organismal movement by which the tip of a plant organ follows a spiral pattern as a consequence of growth." [GOC:mtg_MIT_16mar07, ISBN:0192801023]


id: GO:0010033
name: response to organic substance
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic substance stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010034
name: response to acetate
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an acetate stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010035
name: response to inorganic substance
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an inorganic substance stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010036
name: response to boron-containing substance
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a boron-containing substance stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010037
name: response to carbon dioxide
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbon dioxide (CO2) stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010038
name: response to metal ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a metal ion stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010039
name: response to iron ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an iron ion stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010040
name: response to iron(II) ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an iron(II) ion stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010041
name: response to iron(III) ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an iron(III) ion stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010042
name: response to manganese ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a manganese ion stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010043
name: response to zinc ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a zinc ion stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010044
name: response to aluminum ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an aluminum ion stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010045
name: response to nickel cation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nickel cation stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010046
name: response to mycotoxin
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mycotoxin stimulus. A mycotoxin is a toxic chemical substance produced by fungi." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010047
name: fruit dehiscence
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process leading to the spontaneous opening of the fruit permitting the escape of seeds." [GOC:tb, ISBN:0471245208]


id: GO:0010048
name: vernalization response
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process of thermal induction in plants in which flowering is promoted by exposure to low temperatures." [GOC:tair_curators, ISBN:0521591392]


id: GO:0010049
name: acquisition of reproductive competence
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a plant acquires the ability to respond to a floral inductive signal." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010050
name: vegetative phase change
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process involved in the transition of a plant from a juvenile phase of vegetative development to an adult phase of vegetative development." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010051
name: xylem and phloem pattern formation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The regionalization process that gives rise to the patterning of the conducting tissues. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010052
name: guard cell differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a guard mother cell acquires the specialized features of a guard cell." [GOC:expert_db, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010053
name: root epidermal cell differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell in the root epidermis acquires the specialized features of a trichoblast or atrichoblast." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010054
name: trichoblast differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a trichoblast, a root epidermal cell that will give rise to a root hair." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010055
name: atrichoblast differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an atrichoblast, a root epidermal cell that will not give rise to a root hair." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010064
name: embryonic shoot morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the anatomical structures of embryonic shoot are generated and organized." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010065
name: primary meristem tissue development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary meristem over time, from formation to the mature structure, as it occurs during plant embryogenesis. The primary meristem tissue is the protoderm, ground meristem and procambium." [GOC:tb, ISBN:0471245208]


id: GO:0010066
name: ground meristem histogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The formation of the primary meristem or meristematic tissue that gives rise to the ground tissues." [GOC:tb, ISBN:0471245208]


id: GO:0010067
name: procambium histogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The formation of the primary meristem or meristematic tissue that gives rise to the primary vascular tissue." [GOC:tb, ISBN:0471245208]


id: GO:0010068
name: protoderm histogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The formation of the primary meristem or meristematic tissue that gives rise to the epidermis." [GOC:tb, ISBN:0471245208]


id: GO:0010069
name: zygote asymmetric cytokinesis in embryo sac
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The division of the zygote in a plane perpendicular to the long axis of the embryo sac to produce a larger basal cell near the micropyle and a small terminal cell close to what was the central cell and is now the developing endosperm. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:tb, ISBN:0865427429]


id: GO:0010070
name: zygote asymmetric cell division
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The division of the zygote into two daughter cells that will adopt developmentally distinct potentials." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010071
name: root meristem specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The specification of a meristem which will give rise to a primary or lateral root." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010072
name: primary shoot apical meristem specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The specification of the meristem which will give rise to all post-embryonic above-ground structures of the plant as well as the non-root below-ground structures, such as rhizomes and tubers." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tair_curators, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010074
name: maintenance of meristem identity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which an organism retains a population of meristem cells, preventing the commitment of all stem cell progeny to a differentiated cell fate." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010076
name: maintenance of floral meristem identity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which an organism retains a population of floral meristem cells, preventing the commitment of all stem cell progeny to a differentiated cell fate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010077
name: maintenance of inflorescence meristem identity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which an organism retains a population of inflorescence meristem cells, preventing the commitment of all stem cell progeny to a differentiated cell fate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010078
name: maintenance of root meristem identity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which an organism retains a population of root meristem cells, preventing the commitment of all stem cell progeny to a differentiated cell fate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010079
name: maintenance of vegetative meristem identity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which an organism retains a population of vegetative meristem cells, preventing the commitment of all stem cell progeny to a differentiated cell fate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010086
name: embryonic root morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the anatomical structures of the embryonic root are generated and organized." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010087
name: phloem or xylem histogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of phloem and/or xylem over time, from formation to the mature structure. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010088
name: phloem development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The formation of the principal food-conducting tissue of a vascular plant." [GOC:tb, ISBN:0471245208]


id: GO:0010089
name: xylem development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The formation of the principal water-conducting tissue of a vascular plant." [GOC:tb, ISBN:0471245208]


id: GO:0010090
name: trichome morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the structures of a hair cell (trichome) cell are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized epidermal cell is acquiring the specialized features of a hair cell. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010091
name: trichome branching
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process involved in the formation of branches in plant hair cells. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010092
name: specification of organ identity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The regionalization process in which the identity of an organ primordium is specified. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010093
name: specification of floral organ identity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the identity of a floral organ primordium is specified. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010094
name: specification of carpel identity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a floral organ primordium acquires the carpel identity. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010095
name: specification of petal identity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a floral organ primordium acquires petal identity. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010096
name: specification of sepal identity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a floral organ primordium acquires sepal identity. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010097
name: specification of stamen identity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a floral organ primordium acquires stamen or staminode identity. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010098
name: suspensor development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the suspensor over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The suspensor is the extension at the base of the embryo that anchors the embryo in the embryo sac and pushes it into the endosperm." [GOC:tb, ISBN:0471245208]


id: GO:0010101
name: post-embryonic root morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the anatomical structures of the post-embryonic root are generated and organized. The post-embryonic root is the root formed after the embryonic phase has been completed." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010102
name: lateral root morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the anatomical structures of a lateral root are generated and organized. A lateral root is one formed from pericycle cells located on the xylem radius of the root, as opposed to the initiation of the main root from the embryo proper." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010103
name: stomatal complex morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the anatomical structures of the stomatal complex are generated and organized. The stomatal complex is the stomatal guard cells and their associated epidermal cells." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010104
name: regulation of ethylene-activated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ethylene (ethene) signal transduction." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010106
name: cellular response to iron ion starvation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of iron ions." [GOC:mg]


id: GO:0010108
name: detection of glutamine
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a glutamine stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010110
name: regulation of photosynthesis, dark reaction
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of photosynthesis dark reaction." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010111
name: glyoxysome organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the glyoxysome. A glyoxysome is a microbody that contains the enzymes of the glyoxylate pathway." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010112
name: regulation of systemic acquired resistance
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of systemic acquired resistance." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010113
name: negative regulation of systemic acquired resistance
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of systemic acquired resistance." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010114
name: response to red light
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a red light stimulus. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm. An example of this response is seen at the beginning of many plant species developmental stages. These include germination, and the point when cotyledon expansion is triggered. In certain species these processes take place in response to absorption of red light by the pigment molecule phytochrome, but the signal can be reversed by exposure to far red light. During the initial phase the phytochrome molecule is only present in the red light absorbing form, but on absorption of red light it changes to a far red light absorbing form, triggering progress through development. An immediate short period of exposure to far red light entirely returns the pigment to its initial state and prevents triggering of the developmental process. A thirty minute break between red and subsequent far red light exposure renders the red light effect irreversible, and development then occurs regardless of whether far red light exposure subsequently occurs." [GOC:mtg_far_red, GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010115
name: regulation of abscisic acid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of abscisic acid." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010116
name: positive regulation of abscisic acid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of abscisic acid." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010117
name: photoprotection
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Protection mechanism used by plants under conditions of excess energy absorption as a consequence of the light reactions of photosynthesis." [GOC:mg]


id: GO:0010118
name: stomatal movement
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process of opening or closing of stomata, which is directly related to the stomatal conductance (measuring rate of passage of either water vapor or carbon dioxide (CO2) through stomata)." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010120
name: camalexin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of camalexin, an indole phytoalexin." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010121
name: arginine catabolic process to proline via ornithine
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including proline, via ornithine." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010122
name: arginine catabolic process to alanine via ornithine
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including alanine, via ornithine." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010123
name: acetate catabolic process to butyrate, ethanol, acetone and butanol
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate to form butyrate, ethanol, acetone and butanol." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010125
name: mycothiol biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mycothiol, which consists of N-acetyl-L-cysteine linked to a pseudodisaccharide, D-glucosamine and myo-inositol. Mycothiol is produced in actinomycetes like mycobacteria and serves similar functions to glutathione." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010126
name: mycothiol metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving mycothiol, which consists of N-acetyl-L-cysteine linked to a pseudodisaccharide, D-glucosamine and myo-inositol. Mycothiol is produced in actinomycetes like mycobacteria and serves similar functions to glutathione." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010127
name: mycothiol-dependent detoxification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions using mycothiol to convert an alkylating agent to an S-conjugate of mycothiol. The latter is cleaved to release mercapturic acid which is excreted from the cell." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010128
name: benzoate catabolic process via CoA ligation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of benzoate, by its ligation to Coenzyme A to form benzoyl-CoA, which is then broken by an aerobic or anaerobic pathway." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010129
name: anaerobic cyclohexane-1-carboxylate catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyclohexane-1-carboxylate, a alicyclic acid, in the absence of oxygen." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010130
name: anaerobic ethylbenzene catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ethylbenzene, a benzene derivative with an ethyl group attached to the ring, which occurs in the absence of oxygen." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010131
name: obsolete sucrose catabolic process, using invertase or sucrose synthase
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose by the enzymatic action of either invertase or sucrose synthase." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010132
name: dhurrin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dhurrin, a cyanogenic glucoside which functions as a plant defense compound." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010133
name: proline catabolic process to glutamate
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proline into other compounds, including glutamate." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010134
name: sulfate assimilation via adenylyl sulfate reduction
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The pathway by which inorganic sulfate is activated, reduced and incorporated into sulfated compounds, where the activated sulfate, adenylyl-sulfate, is reduced to sulfite by the activity of adenylyl-sulfate reductase." [EC:1.8.99.2]


id: GO:0010135
name: ureide metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving ureide, allantoin and allantoate, which are the organic forms of nitrogen in nitrogen fixing and transporting plants." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010136
name: ureide catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ureide, which is the organic form of nitrogen in nitrogen fixing and transporting plants with the release of ammonium." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010137
name: ureide biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ureide, the organic form of nitrogen in nitrogen fixing and transporting plants, from IMP, which is synthesized de novo during nitrogen fixation by roots." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010138
name: pyrimidine ribonucleotide salvage
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The pathway by which pyrimidine bases or pyrimidine ribonucleosides from pyrimidine nucleotide breakdown are converted back to pyrimidine ribonucleotides. The salvage pathway is important where there is no de novo pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010139
name: pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide salvage
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The pathway by which pyrimidine bases or pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides from pyrimidine nucleotide breakdown are converted back to pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides. The salvage pathway is important where there is no de novo pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010140
name: obsolete adenine, hypoxanthine and their nucleoside salvage
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. The pathway by which adenine, hypoxanthine and their nucleosides from purine nucleotides breakdown are converted back to purine nucleotides. The salvage pathway is important where there is no de-novo purine nucleotide biosynthesis." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010141
name: obsolete guanine, xanthine and their nucleoside salvage
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. The pathway by which guanine, xanthine and their nucleoside from purine nucleotides breakdown are converted back to purine nucleotides. The pathway is important in cells where there is no de-novo purine nucleotides biosynthesis." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010142
name: farnesyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, mevalonate pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The pathway that converts acetate, in the form of acetyl-CoA, to farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) through a series of mevalonate intermediates. Farnesyl diphosphate is an important substrate for other essential pathways, such as biosynthesis of sterols." [GOC:pz, MetaCyc:PWY-922]


id: GO:0010143
name: cutin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cutin, a waxy substance, which combined with cellulose forms a substance nearly impervious to water and constituting the cuticle in plants." [ISBN:0028623819]


id: GO:0010144
name: pyridoxal phosphate biosynthetic process from pyridoxamine
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyridoxal phosphate, the active form of vitamin B6, from pyridoxamine." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010145
name: fructan metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving fructan, a polysaccharide consisting of fructose residues." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010146
name: fructan biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fructan a polysaccharide consisting of fructose residues." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010147
name: fructan catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fructan, a polysaccharide consisting of fructose residues." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010148
name: transpiration
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Release of water by the plant into the air as water vapor mainly through leaves." [GOC:sm, ISBN:0879015322]


id: GO:0010149
name: obsolete senescence
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. A preprogrammed process associated with the dismantling of an anatomical structure and an overall decline in metabolism. This may include the breakdown of organelles, membranes and other cellular components. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana, when older leaves or floral organs are shed." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0387987819]


id: GO:0010150
name: leaf senescence
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process that occurs in a leaf near the end of its active life that is associated with the dismantling of cell components and membranes, loss of functional chloroplasts, and an overall decline in metabolism." [ISBN:0387987819]


id: GO:0010152
name: pollen maturation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The final stages of microgametogenesis after the trinucleate stage has been reached resulting in viable pollen grains." [PMID:11595796]


id: GO:0010153
name: obsolete polar cell elongation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Cell expansion that results in an increase in cell size along the axis of an organ in a polarized fashion." [PMID:11978864]


id: GO:0010154
name: fruit development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fruit over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fruit is a reproductive body of a seed plant." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010155
name: regulation of proton transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of proton transport into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010156
name: obsolete sporocyte morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Formation and development of sporocyte, the haploid spores of angiosperms which are initiated by the differentiation of a subset of floral cells into sporocytes, which then undergo meiotic divisions to form microspores and megaspores." [PMID:10465788]


id: GO:0010157
name: response to chlorate
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chlorate stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010158
name: abaxial cell fate specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an abaxial cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed." [GOC:mg]


id: GO:0010159
name: specification of organ position
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The regionalization process in which information that determines the correct position at which organ primordia are formed is generated and perceived resulting in correct positioning of the new organ." [PMID:9611175]


id: GO:0010160
name: formation of organ boundary
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The regionalization process that specifies organ primordium boundaries resulting in a restriction of organogenesis to a limited spatial domain and keeping the organ separate from surrounding tissues." [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, PMID:9611175]


id: GO:0010161
name: red light signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of molecular signals initiated upon sensing of red light by a photoreceptor molecule. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm. An example of this response is seen at the beginning of many plant species developmental stages. These include germination, and the point when cotyledon expansion is triggered. In certain species these processes take place in response to absorption of red light by the pigment molecule phytochrome, but the signal can be reversed by exposure to far red light. During the initial phase the phytochrome molecule is only present in the red light absorbing form, but on absorption of red light it changes to a far red light absorbing form, triggering progress through development. An immediate short period of exposure to far red light entirely returns the pigment to its initial state and prevents triggering of the developmental process. A thirty minute break between red and subsequent far red light exposure renders the red light effect irreversible, and development then occurs regardless of whether far red light exposure subsequently occurs." [GOC:mtg_far_red, GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010162
name: seed dormancy process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A dormancy process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken in a seed. Seed dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth in a seed, including the embryo contained therein, that can be reactivated. It often requires special conditions for reactivation, such as specific temperature, scarification, or leaching of inhibitors." [GOC:lr, GOC:PO_curators, ISBN:9781405139830, PO_REF:00009]


id: GO:0010163
name: high-affinity potassium ion import
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The directed, energized, high affinity movement of potassium ions into a cell or organelle, driven by cation symport with hydrogen or sodium ions. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations." [PMID:8893537]


id: GO:0010164
name: response to cesium ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cesium stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010165
name: response to X-ray
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of X-ray radiation. An X-ray is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 nanometers to 100 picometers (corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 PHz to 3 EHz)." [GOC:sm, Wikipedia:X-ray]


id: GO:0010166
name: wax metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving wax, a compound containing C16 and C18 fatty acids." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010167
name: response to nitrate
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrate stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010168
name: ER body
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A novel compartment found in plant cells that is derived from the ER. The structures have a characteristic shape and size (10 mm long and 0.5 mm wide) and are surrounded with ribosomes. They have been found in Arabidopsis thaliana and related Brassicaceae species." [PMID:11577182]


id: GO:0010169
name: thioglucosidase complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A large (200-800 kDa) multiprotein complex formed by 70-kDa and 5-kDa myrosinases, myrosinase- binding proteins (MBPs), MBP-related proteins and myrosinase-associated proteins. The complex has been identified in Brassica napus seeds." [PMID:10682349]


id: GO:0010170
name: glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "Complex that catalyzes the synthesis of ADP-glucose and pyrophosphate from glucose-1-phosphate and ATP. In plants, the complex is a heterotetramer composed of two types of subunits (small and large). In bacteria, the enzyme complex is composed of four identical subunits." [GOC:tb, PMID:12748181]


id: GO:0010171
name: body morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the anatomical structures of the soma are generated and organized." [GOC:ems, ISBN:0140512888]


id: GO:0010172
name: embryonic body morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the anatomical structures of the embryonic soma are generated and organized." [GOC:ems]


id: GO:0010174
name: nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity, against a concentration gradient
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleoside, from one side of a membrane to the other, up a concentration gradient." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010175
name: sphingosine transmembrane transporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Enables the transfer of amino alcohol sphingosine from one side of the membrane to the other." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010176
name: homogentisate phytyltransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: homogentisate + phytyl diphosphate + H+ = 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-benzoquinone + CO2 + diphosphate. 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-benzoquinone is also known as 2-methyl-6-phytylplastoquinol." [MetaCyc:RXN-2541, PMID:14512521]


id: GO:0010177
name: 2-(2'-methylthio)ethylmalate synthase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-4-methylthiobutanoate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = 2-(2'-methylthio)ethylmalic-acid + coenzyme A + H+." [MetaCyc:RXN-2202]


id: GO:0010178
name: IAA-amino acid conjugate hydrolase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the cleavage of the amide bond between IAA (auxin) and the conjugated amino acid." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010179
name: IAA-Ala conjugate hydrolase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetyl-alanine + H2O = indole-3-acetate + L-alanine." [MetaCyc:RXN-2981]


id: GO:0010181
name: FMN binding
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with FMN, flavin mononucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010182
name: sugar mediated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a change in the level of a mono- or disaccharide such as glucose, fructose or sucrose triggers the expression of genes controlling metabolic and developmental processes." [PMID:9014361]


id: GO:0010183
name: pollen tube guidance
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the growth of pollen tube is directed towards the female gametophyte." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0010184
name: cytokinin transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The directed movement of cytokinins, a class of adenine-derived compounds that can function in plants as growth regulators, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0010186
name: positive regulation of cellular defense response
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular defense response." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010187
name: negative regulation of seed germination
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of seed germination." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010188
name: response to microbial phytotoxin
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a microbial phytotoxin stimulus. A microbial phytotoxin is a chemical substance produced by microbes which is toxic to plants." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010189
name: vitamin E biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vitamin E, tocopherol, which includes a series of eight structurally similar compounds. Alpha-tocopherol is the most active form in humans and is a powerful biological antioxidant." [GOC:mg]


id: GO:0010190
name: cytochrome b6f complex assembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Formation of cytochrome b6f complex, a complex that transfers electrons from reduced plastoquinone to oxidized plastocyanin and translocates protons from the stroma to the lumen, by the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of its constituents." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010191
name: mucilage metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving mucilage, a gelatinous substance secreted by plants." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010192
name: mucilage biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mucilage, a gelatinous substance secreted by plants." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010193
name: response to ozone
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ozone stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010194
name: obsolete microRNA metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. The chemical reactions and pathways involving microRNA, a large family of 21-22 nucleotide non-coding RNAs with presumed post-transcriptional regulatory activity." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010195
name: obsolete microRNA biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of microRNA, a large family of 21-22 nucleotide non-coding RNAs with presumed post-transcriptional regulatory activity." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010196
name: nonphotochemical quenching
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process by which excess light energy absorbed by chlorophyll and not used to drive photosynthesis is emitted as heat. This process helps maintain the balance between dissipation and utilization of light energy to minimize generation of oxidizing molecules, thereby protecting the plant against photo-oxidative damage." [PMID:10667783, PMID:10938857]


id: GO:0010197
name: polar nucleus fusion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The merging of the polar nuclei, the two nuclei contained within the same cell that are created from the mitotic division of the megaspore during angiosperm reproduction. Polar nuclear fusion takes place in the ovule, forming in the fusion nucleus and giving rise to the endosperm when fertilized." [GOC:mtg_plant, GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010198
name: synergid death
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Synergid cells undergo degeneration and death in response to penetration by the pollen tube. It is an active process that involves a dramatic decrease in cell volume, collapse of the vacuoles, and complete disintegration of the plasma membrane and most organelles." [GOC:isa_complete, GOC:sm, PMID:12215516]


id: GO:0010199
name: organ boundary specification between lateral organs and the meristem
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which boundaries between lateral organs and the meristem is established and maintained." [PMID:12068116]


id: GO:0010200
name: response to chitin
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chitin stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010201
name: response to continuous far red light stimulus by the high-irradiance response system
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of the detection of a continuous far red light stimulus by the high-irradiance response system. Far red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 700-800nm. The activity of the high-irradiance response system is characterized by stronger effects of continuous than pulsed light at equal total fluence." [GOC:mtg_far_red, GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010202
name: response to low fluence red light stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a low fluence red light stimulus. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm. Low fluence red light is defined in this case as short pulses of red light followed by darkness, providing a light level of 0.001-0.1 mmol/m2/sec." [GOC:mtg_far_red, GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010203
name: response to very low fluence red light stimulus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a very low fluence red light stimulus. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm. Very low fluence red light is defined in this case as short pulses of red light followed by darkness, providing light levels of less than 0.001 mmol/m2/sec." [GOC:mtg_far_red, GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010204
name: defense response signaling pathway, resistance gene-independent
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A series of molecular signals that is activated during defense response and does not depend upon R-genes." [GOC:mah, GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010205
name: photoinhibition
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The mechanism by which high light intensity inhibits photosynthesis through inactivation of the D1 protein of photosystem II." [GOC:mtg_electron_transport, PMID:12068126]


id: GO:0010206
name: photosystem II repair
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Proteolysis of the damaged D1 protein and re-assembly of a new D1 subunit in the photosystem II following photoinhibition." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010207
name: photosystem II assembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a photosystem II complex on the thylakoid membrane. The photosystem II complex consists of at least 20 polypeptides and around 80 cofactors in most organisms." [GOC:aa, GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010208
name: pollen wall assembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The formation of reticulate pollen wall pattern consisting of two layers, exine and intine." [PMID:11743117]


id: GO:0010209
name: vacuolar sorting signal binding
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a vacuolar sorting signal, a specific peptide sequence that acts as a signal to localize the protein within the vacuole." [GOC:mah]


id: GO:0010210
name: IAA-Phe conjugate hydrolase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetyl-phenylalanine + H2O = indole-3-acetate + phenylalanine." [GOC:syr]


id: GO:0010211
name: IAA-Leu conjugate hydrolase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetyl-leucine + H2O = indole-3-acetate + L-leucine." [MetaCyc:RXN-2982]


id: GO:0010212
name: response to ionizing radiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ionizing radiation stimulus. Ionizing radiation is radiation with sufficient energy to remove electrons from atoms and may arise from spontaneous decay of unstable isotopes, resulting in alpha and beta particles and gamma rays. Ionizing radiation also includes X-rays." [PMID:12509526]


id: GO:0010213
name: non-photoreactive DNA repair
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A DNA repair process that is involved in repairing UV-induced DNA damage under non-photoreactivating conditions. The mechanism by which this repair process operates has not yet been completely elucidated." [GOC:syr]


id: GO:0010214
name: seed coat development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the seed coat over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:go_curators]


id: GO:0010215
name: cellulose microfibril organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellulose microfibril, any of the cellulose structures laid down in orthogonal layers in a plant cell wall." [GOC:mah, PMID:12468730]


id: GO:0010216
name: maintenance of DNA methylation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process involved in maintaining the methylation state of a nucleotide sequence." [PMID:11898023]


id: GO:0010217
name: cellular aluminum ion homeostasis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of aluminum ions at the level of a cell." [GOC:lr, GOC:mah]


id: GO:0010218
name: response to far red light
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of far red light stimulus. Far red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 700-800nm. An example of this response is seen at the beginning of many plant species developmental stages. These include germination, and the point when cotyledon expansion is triggered. In certain species these processes take place in response to absorption of red light by the pigment molecule phytochrome, but the signal can be reversed by exposure to far red light. During the initial phase the phytochrome molecule is only present in the red light absorbing form, but on absorption of red light it changes to a far red light absorbing form, triggering progress through development. An immediate short period of exposure to far red light entirely returns the pigment to its initial state and prevents triggering of the developmental process. A thirty minute break between red and subsequent far red light exposure renders the red light effect irreversible, and development then occurs regardless of whether far red light exposure subsequently occurs." [GOC:mtg_far_red, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010219
name: regulation of vernalization response
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the vernalization response, by which induction of flowering is normally caused by extended exposure to cold temperatures." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010220
name: positive regulation of vernalization response
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or induces the rate of the vernalization response, by which induction of flowering is normally caused by extended exposure to cold temperatures." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010221
name: negative regulation of vernalization response
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the vernalization response, by which induction of flowering is normally caused by extended exposure to cold temperatures." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010223
name: secondary shoot formation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process that gives rise to secondary (or auxiliary or axillary) shoots in plants. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. These secondary shoots originate from secondary meristems initiated in the axils of leaf primordia. Axillary meristems function like the shoot apical meristem of the primary shoot initating the development of lateral organs." [GOC:tb, PMID:12815068]


id: GO:0010224
name: response to UV-B
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a UV-B radiation stimulus. UV-B radiation (UV-B light) spans the wavelengths 280 to 315 nm." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010225
name: response to UV-C
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a UV-C radiation stimulus. UV-C radiation (UV-C light) spans the wavelengths 100 to 280 nm." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010226
name: response to lithium ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lithium (Li+) ion stimulus." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010228
name: vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process involved in transforming a meristem that produces vegetative structures, such as leaves, into a meristem that produces reproductive structures, such as a flower or an inflorescence." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010229
name: inflorescence development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an inflorescence over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010230
name: alternative respiration
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Alternative respiration pathway consumes oxygen, oxidizes NADH to NAD+ and generates water. During electron flow, proton motive force is diminished resulting in fewer molecules of ATP compared to cytochrome pathway. The pathway is found in plants, algae and some protozoa." [ISBN:0943088399]


id: GO:0010232
name: vascular transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The directed movement of substances, into, out of or within a cell, either in a vascular tissue or in the vascular membrane." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010233
name: phloem transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The directed movement of substances, into, out of or within a cell, either in a phloem tissue or in the phloem membrane." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010234
name: anther wall tapetum cell fate specification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a tapetal cell of anthers in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed." [GOC:mg]


id: GO:0010235
name: guard mother cell cytokinesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The stereotyped symmetric cell division by which guard mother cell give rise to stomatal guard cells." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010236
name: plastoquinone biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of plastoquinone, a lipid-soluble electron-transporting coenzyme present in the chloroplast." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010238
name: response to proline
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a proline stimulus." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010239
name: chloroplast mRNA processing
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Steps involved in processing precursor RNAs arising from transcription of operons in the chloroplast genome into mature mRNAs." [GOC:tb, PMID:9648738]


id: GO:0010240
name: plastid pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "Complex that carries out the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA; comprises subunits possessing three catalytic activities: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (E2), and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). This complex is found in plant plastids and is distinct from the one found in mitochondria." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:9393637]


id: GO:0010241
name: ent-kaurene oxidation to kaurenoic acid
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The three successive oxidations of the 4-methyl group of ent-kaurene to form ent-kaur-16-en-19-oate, kaurenoic acid. This process may be carried out entirely by the enzyme ent-kaurene oxidase." [EC:1.14.13.78, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010242
name: oxygen evolving activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H2O = O2 + 4 H+ + 4 e-. The evolution of oxygen from oxidizing water is carried out by the oxygen evolving complex in photosystem II of plants. P680+, the photochemically oxidized reaction-center chlorophyll of PSII, is a strong biological oxidant. The reduction potential of P680+ is more positive than that of water, and thus it can oxidize water to give O2 and H+ ions. The oxygen escapes as a gas while the H+ ions remain in solution inside the thylakoid vesicle." [GOC:kd, GOC:syr, PMID:17091926, PMID:7948862]


id: GO:0010243
name: response to organonitrogen compound
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organonitrogen stimulus. An organonitrogen compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond." [CHEBI:35352, PMID:9869419]


id: GO:0010244
name: response to low fluence blue light stimulus by blue low-fluence system
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of the detection of a low fluence blue light stimulus by the blue low-fluence system. Blue light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of between 440 and 500nm. The blue low-fluence system responds to blue light at or below 0.1 micromols/m2. In certain species excitation of the blue low fluence system induces the transcription of a number of nuclear and plastid coded genes." [GOC:mtg_far_red, PMID:10398709]


id: GO:0010246
name: rhamnogalacturonan I biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhamnogalacturonan I component of pectin, a rhamnose-rich pectic polysaccharide." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010247
name: detection of phosphate ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of events in which a phosphate ion stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010248
name: establishment or maintenance of transmembrane electrochemical gradient
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The directed movement of ions to establish or maintain an electrochemical gradient across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:mah, GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010250
name: S-methylmethionine biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S-methyl-methionine (SMM) from methionine and S-adenosyl-methionine (Ado-Met), catalyzed by methionine S-methyltransferase (MMT). SMM can be reconverted to methionine by donating a methyl group to homocysteine, and concurrent operation of this reaction and that mediated by MMT sets up the SMM cycle." [PMID:12692340]


id: GO:0010252
name: auxin homeostasis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A homeostatic process that maintains an endogenous steady-state concentration of primary auxin, or constant level of auxin in a biological system, by a number of biochemical processes including transport, biosynthesis, catabolism and conjugation." [http://diss-epsilon.slu.se/archive/00000215/]


id: GO:0010253
name: UDP-rhamnose biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-L-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate." [PMID:15134748]


id: GO:0010254
name: nectary development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the floral nectaries over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:lr]


id: GO:0010255
name: glucose mediated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a change in the level of mono- and disaccharide glucose trigger the expression of genes controlling metabolic and developmental processes." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010256
name: endomembrane system organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endomembrane system." [GOC:mah, GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010257
name: NADH dehydrogenase complex assembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an NADH dehydrogenase complex." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010258
name: NADH dehydrogenase complex (plastoquinone) assembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form NADH:plastoquinone dehydrogenase complex, which is involved in the non-photochemical reduction of plastoquinones, as well as the cyclic electron transport around photosystem I." [PMID:15608332]


id: GO:0010259
name: multicellular organism aging
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "An aging process that has as participant a whole multicellular organism. Multicellular organism aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Multicellular organisms aging includes processes like cellular senescence and organ senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death (GO:0016265) of an organism and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700)." [GOC:PO_curators]


id: GO:0010260
name: organ senescence
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process that occurs in an organ near the end of its active life that is associated with the dismantling of cell components and membranes, and an overall decline in metabolism. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010262
name: somatic embryogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Initiation of a somatic embryo-an embryo arising from previously differentiated somatic cells, rather than from fused haploid gametes." [GOC:sm, PMID:9611173]


id: GO:0010263
name: tricyclic triterpenoid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tricyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with 6 isoprene units and 3 carbon rings." [GOC:ct]


id: GO:0010264
name: myo-inositol hexakisphosphate biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytic acid, myo-inositol hexakisphosphate, a regulator of intracellular signaling, a highly abundant animal anti-nutrient and a phosphate and mineral storage compound in plant seeds." [CHEBI:17401, PMID:16107538]


id: GO:0010265
name: SCF complex assembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the SKP1-Cullin/Cdc53-F-box protein ubiquitin ligase (SCF) complex." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010266
name: response to vitamin B1
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B1 stimulus." [GOC:pz]


id: GO:0010267
name: production of ta-siRNAs involved in RNA interference
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Cleavage of double-stranded RNA to form trans-acting small interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) of 21-23 nucleotides. ta-siRNAs arise from PolII genes and function like miRNAs to guide cleavage of target mRNAs." [GOC:tb, PMID:16129836]


id: GO:0010268
name: brassinosteroid homeostasis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of brassinosteroids within an organism or cell." [PMID:15908602]


id: GO:0010269
name: response to selenium ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from selenium ion." [GOC:mg]


id: GO:0010270
name: photosystem II oxygen evolving complex assembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the oxygen evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II on a thylakoid membrane. The OEC protects the calcium-4 manganese-5 oxide cluster which is bound to the D1 and CP43 proteins. The exact protein composition of the OEC varies between cyanobacteria and plants, and in plants consists of three extrinsic nuclear-encoded polypeptides: PsbO, PsbP and PsbQ." [GOC:aa, PMID:16282331]


id: GO:0010271
name: regulation of chlorophyll catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chlorophyll." [PMID:16361392]


id: GO:0010272
name: response to silver ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a silver ion stimulus." [PMID:16367966]


id: GO:0010273
name: detoxification of copper ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of copper ion. These include transport of copper away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of copper ion." [GOC:kmv, PMID:16367966]


id: GO:0010274
name: hydrotropism
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Growth or movement in a sessile organism toward or away from water, as of the roots of a plant." [ISBN:0395825172]


id: GO:0010275
name: NAD(P)H dehydrogenase complex assembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form NAD(P)H dehydrogenase complex, which is involved in electron transport from an unidentified electron donor, possibly NAD(P)H or ferredoxin(Fd) to the plastoquinone pool." [GOC:sm]


id: GO:0010277
name: chlorophyllide a oxygenase [overall] activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reactions: chlorophyllide a + O2 + NADPH + H+ = 7-hydroxychlorophyllide a + H2O + NADP+; and 7-hydroxychlorophyllide a + O2 + NADPH + H+ = chlorophyllide b + 2 H2O + NADP+." [EC:1.13.12.14, MetaCyc:RXN-7677]


id: GO:0010278
name: chloroplast outer membrane translocon
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The protein transport machinery of the chloroplast outer membrane that contains at least three components Toc159, Toc75 and Toc34, interacts with precursor proteins which are imported into the chloroplast in a GTP dependant manner." [PMID:11299338]


id: GO:0010279
name: indole-3-acetic acid amido synthetase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetic acid + an amino acid = an indole-3-acetic acid amide conjugate." [PMID:15659623]


id: GO:0010280
name: UDP-L-rhamnose synthase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-glucose + NADPH + H+ = UDP-L-rhamnose + NADP+ + H2O." [MetaCyc:RXN-5482, PMID:14701918]


id: GO:0010282
name: senescence-associated vacuole
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A lytic vacuole that is maintained at acidic pH and has different tonoplast composition compared to the central vacuole. Found during leaf senescence and develops in the peripheral cytoplasm of cells that contain chloroplast." [PMID:15743448]


id: GO:0010283
name: pinoresinol reductase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: pinoresinol + NADPH + H+ = lariciresinol + NADP+." [PMID:10066819, PMID:7592828]


id: GO:0010284
name: lariciresinol reductase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: lariciresinol + NADPH + H+ = secoisolariciresinol + NADP+." [PMID:10066819, PMID:7592828]


id: GO:0010285
name: L,L-diaminopimelate aminotransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + LL-2,6-diaminopimelate = (S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate + L-glutamate + H(2)O + H(+)." [EC:2.6.1.83, RHEA:23991]


id: GO:0010286
name: heat acclimation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases heat tolerance of an organism in response to high temperatures." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010287
name: plastoglobule
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A lipoprotein particle present in chloroplasts. They are rich in non-polar lipids (triglycerides, esters) as well as in prenylquinones, plastoquinone and tocopherols. Plastoglobules are often associated with thylakoid membranes, suggesting an exchange of lipids with thylakoids." [GOC:tair_curators, PMID:16461379]


id: GO:0010288
name: response to lead ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lead ion stimulus." [GOC:tair_curators, PMID:16461380]


id: GO:0010289
name: homogalacturonan biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the pectidic homogalacturonan, characterized by a backbone of (1->4)-linked alpha-D-GalpA residues that can be methyl-esterified at C-6 and carry acetyl groups on O-2 and O-3." [PMID:12913136, PMID:16540543]


id: GO:0010290
name: chlorophyll catabolite transmembrane transporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Enables the directed movement of chlorophyll catabolites such as non-fluorescent chlorophyll catabolites (NCCs), from one side of the membrane to the other." [PMID:9681016]


id: GO:0010291
name: carotene beta-ring hydroxylase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: a carotene + a reduced electron acceptor + O2 = C3-hydroxylated carotene + an oxidized electron acceptor + H2O. This is a general reaction to represent the C3 hydroxylation of the beta ring of a carotene." [MetaCyc:MONOMER-12386, PMID:16492736]


id: GO:0010292
name: GTP:GDP antiporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: GTP(out) + GDP(in) = GTP(in) + GDP(out)." [PMID:10514379, PMID:12553910, PMID:16553903]


id: GO:0010293
name: abscisic aldehyde oxidase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-abscisic aldehyde + H(2)O + O(2) = abscisate + H(2)O(2) + H(+)." [EC:1.2.3.14, RHEA:20532]


id: GO:0010294
name: abscisic acid glucosyltransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-abscisate + UDP-D-glucose = abscisic acid glucose ester + UDP." [DOI:10.1016/j.tetasy.2004.11.062]


id: GO:0010295
name: (+)-abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-abscisate + H(+) + NADPH + O(2) = (+)-8'-hydroxyabscisate + H(2)O + NADP(+)." [EC:1.14.13.93, RHEA:12900]


id: GO:0010296
name: prenylcysteine methylesterase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: protein C-terminal S-farnesyl-L-cysteine methyl ester + H2O = protein C-terminal S-farnesyl-L-cysteine + methanol + H+." [MetaCyc:RXN-8409, PMID:16870359]


id: GO:0010297
name: heteropolysaccharide binding
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heteropolysaccharides. A heteropolysaccharide is a glycan composed of more than one type of monosaccharide residue." [PMID:16640603]


id: GO:0010298
name: dihydrocamalexic acid decarboxylase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: dihydrocamalexic acid = camalexin + CO2 + H+." [MetaCyc:RXN-8275, PMID:16766671]


id: GO:0010299
name: detoxification of cobalt ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of cobalt ion. These include transport of cobalt away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of cobalt ion." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010301
name: xanthoxin dehydrogenase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(+) + xanthoxin = (+)-abscisic aldehyde + H(+) + NADH." [EC:1.1.1.288, RHEA:12551]


id: GO:0010303
name: limit dextrinase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1,6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in alpha- and beta-limit dextrins of amylopectin and glycogen, and in amylopectin and pullulan." [EC:3.2.1.142]


id: GO:0010304
name: PSII associated light-harvesting complex II catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of one or more components of the light-harvesting complex of photosystem II." [GOC:mah, PMID:16157880]


id: GO:0010305
name: leaf vascular tissue pattern formation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Vascular tissue pattern formation as it occurs in the leaf of vascular plants." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010306
name: rhamnogalacturonan II biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhamnogalacturonan II, a low molecular mass (5 - 10KDa) pectic polysaccharide, conserved in the primary walls of dicotyledenous and monocotyledenous plants and gymnosperms." [PMID:12754267]


id: GO:0010308
name: acireductone dioxygenase (Ni2+-requiring) activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O(2) = 3-(methylthio)propanoate + CO + formate." [EC:1.13.11.53, RHEA:14164]


id: GO:0010309
name: acireductone dioxygenase [iron(II)-requiring] activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + O(2) = 4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate + formate + H(+)." [EC:1.13.11.54, RHEA:24507]


id: GO:0010310
name: regulation of hydrogen peroxide metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving hydrogen peroxide." [PMID:14765119]


id: GO:0010311
name: lateral root formation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process that gives rise to a lateral root. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. A lateral root primordium represents an organized group of cells derived from the root pericycle that will differentiate into a new root, as opposed to the initiation of the main root from the embryo proper." [GOC:tair_curators, PMID:17259263]


id: GO:0010312
name: detoxification of zinc ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of zinc ion. These include transport of zinc away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of zinc ion." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010314
name: phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate binding
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate, a derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol ring is phosphorylated at the 5' position." [GOC:bf, GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010315
name: auxin efflux
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process involved in the transport of auxin out of the cell." [GOC:tair_curators, PMID:16990790]


id: GO:0010316
name: pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "Heterodimeric complex that catalyzes the pyrophosphate-dependent phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate into D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate." [PMID:2170409]


id: GO:0010317
name: pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase complex, alpha-subunit complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "Refers to the alpha subunit of the heterodimeric complex that possesses pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase activity." [PMID:2170409]


id: GO:0010318
name: pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase complex, beta-subunit complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "Refers to the beta subunit of the heterodimeric complex that possesses pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase activity." [PMID:2170409]


id: GO:0010319
name: stromule
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "Thin filamentous structure extending from the surface of all plastid types examined so far, including chloroplast, proplastid, etioplast, leucoplast, amyloplast, and chromoplast. In general, stromules are more abundant in tissues containing non-green plastids, and in cells containing smaller plastids. The primary function of stromules is still unresolved, although the presence of stromules markedly increases the plastid surface area, potentially increasing transport to and from the cytosol. Other functions of stromules, such as transfer of macromolecules between plastids and starch granule formation in cereal endosperm, may be restricted to particular tissues and cell types." [PMID:15272881, PMID:15699062, PMID:16582010]


id: GO:0010320
name: obsolete arginine/lysine endopeptidase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide linkages in oligopeptides or polypeptides by a reaction mechanism in which arginine or lysine residues act as nucleophiles." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010321
name: regulation of vegetative phase change
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vegetative phase change. Vegetative phase change is the set of post-embryonic processes involved in the transition of a plant from a juvenile phase of vegetative development to an adult phase of vegetative development." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010322
name: regulation of isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate produced via the methylerythritol (MEP) pathway (mevalonate-independent)." [PMID:16531478]


id: GO:0010323
namespace: biological_process
name:
  negative regulation of isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway

def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate produced via the methylerythritol (MEP) pathway (mevalonate-independent)." [PMID:16531478]


id: GO:0010325
name: raffinose family oligosaccharide biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs, such as raffinose, stachyose, verbascose and other molecules with a higher degree of galactosyl polymerization)." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010326
name: methionine-oxo-acid transaminase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: methionine + a 2-oxo acid = 2-oxo-4-methylthiobutanoate + an amino acid." [MetaCyc:RXN-2201, PMID:17056707]


id: GO:0010327
name: acetyl CoA:(Z)-3-hexen-1-ol acetyltransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol = CoA + (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetate." [PMID:17163883]


id: GO:0010328
name: auxin influx transmembrane transporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the transfer of auxin, from one side of a membrane to the other, into a cell." [PMID:16839804]


id: GO:0010329
name: auxin efflux transmembrane transporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the transfer of auxin, from one side of a membrane to the other, out of a cell." [PMID:16839804]


id: GO:0010330
name: cellulose synthase complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A large, multimeric protein complex, organized in a rosette, which catalyzes the biosynthesis of cellulose for the plant cell wall." [PMID:12514238, PMID:18485800, PMID:21307367]


id: GO:0010331
name: gibberellin binding
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with gibberellins, plant hormones that regulate aspects of plant growth." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010332
name: response to gamma radiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gamma radiation stimulus. Gamma radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) or light emission of a specific frequency produced from sub-atomic particle interaction, such as electron-positron annihilation and radioactive decay. Gamma rays are generally characterized as EMR having the highest frequency and energy, and also the shortest wavelength, within the electromagnetic radiation spectrum." [GOC:tair_curators, Wikipedia:Gamma_ray]


id: GO:0010333
name: terpene synthase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the formation of cyclic terpenes through the cyclization of linear terpenes (e.g. isopentenyl-PP, geranyl-PP, farnesyl-PP and geranylgeranyl-PP) containing varying numbers of isoprene units." [EC:4.2.3.-, GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010334
name: sesquiterpene synthase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate = a sesquiterpene + diphosphate. Sesquiterpenes are terpenes containing three isoprene units, i.e. 15 carbons." [EC:4.2.3.-, GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010335
name: response to non-ionic osmotic stress
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of non-ionic solutes (e.g. mannitol, sorbitol) in the environment." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010336
name: gibberellic acid homeostasis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of gibberellic acid; may involve transport, biosynthesis, catabolism or conjugation." [PMID:17194763]


id: GO:0010337
name: regulation of salicylic acid metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving salicylic acid." [PMID:14765119]


id: GO:0010338
name: leaf formation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process that gives rise to a leaf. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010339
name: external side of cell wall
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "The side of the cell wall that is opposite to the side that faces the cell and its contents." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010340
name: carboxyl-O-methyltransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the carboxyl group of an acceptor molecule to form a methyl ester." [PMID:17220201]


id: GO:0010341
name: gibberellin carboxyl-O-methyltransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a gibberellin = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a gibberellin methyl ester." [PMID:17220201]


id: GO:0010342
name: endosperm cellularization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The separation of the multi-nucleate endosperm into individual cells. In many plant species, the endosperm that nurtures the embryo in the seed initially develops as a syncytium. This syncytial phase ends with simultaneous partitioning of the multi-nucleate cytoplasm into individual cells, a process referred to as cellularization." [PMID:12421698]


id: GO:0010343
name: singlet oxygen-mediated programmed cell death
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Programmed cell death induced by singlet oxygen. Programmed cell death is the cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes." [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:17075038]


id: GO:0010344
name: seed oilbody biogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a seed oilbody. Seed oilbodies are simple organelles comprising a matrix of triglyceride surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer embedded and covered with unique proteins called oleosins. Seed oilbodies supply the energy requirements for the growth of the seedling after germination." [GOC:jl, PMID:16877495]


id: GO:0010345
name: suberin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of suberin monomers and suberin polyesters. Suberin monomers are derived from fatty acids and trans-cinnamic acids. The monomers are then cross-linked with glycerols." [PMID:17259262]


id: GO:0010346
name: shoot axis formation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process that gives rise to a shoot axis. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010347
name: L-galactose-1-phosphate phosphatase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: L-galactose-1-phosphate + H2O = L-galactose + phosphate." [PMID:15550539, PMID:16595667]


id: GO:0010348
name: lithium:proton antiporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Li+(in) + H+(out) = Li+(out) + H+(in)." [PMID:17270011]


id: GO:0010349
name: L-galactose dehydrogenase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: L-galactose + NAD+ = L-galactono-1,4-lactone + NADH + H+." [PMID:12047629]


id: GO:0010350
name: cellular response to magnesium starvation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of magnesium." [PMID:17270009]


id: GO:0010351
name: lithium ion transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The directed movement of lithium ion into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [PMID:17270011]


id: GO:0010353
name: response to trehalose
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a trehalose stimulus." [PMID:17031512]


id: GO:0010354
name: homogentisate prenyltransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the transfer of a prenyl group from one compound (donor) to homogentisic acid." [PMID:16989822]


id: GO:0010355
name: homogentisate farnesyltransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: homogentisic acid + farnesyl diphosphate = 2-methyl-6-farnesylplastoquinol." [PMID:16989822]


id: GO:0010356
name: homogentisate geranylgeranyltransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: homogentisic acid + geranylgeranyl diphosphate = 2-methyl-6-geranylgeranylplastoquinol." [PMID:16989822]


id: GO:0010357
name: homogentisate solanesyltransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: homogentisic acid + all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate + 3 H+ = 2-methyl-6-solanyl-1,4-benzoquinonone + CO2 + diphosphate. 2-methyl-6-solanyl-1,4-benzoquinonone is also known as 2-methyl-6-solanesylplastoquinol and all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate as solanesyl diphosphate." [PMID:16989822]


id: GO:0010358
name: leaf shaping
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The developmental process that pertains to the organization of a leaf in three-dimensional space once the structure has initially formed." [GOC:tb, PMID:16971475]


id: GO:0010359
name: regulation of anion channel activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anion channel activity." [PMID:17319842]


id: GO:0010360
name: negative regulation of anion channel activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of the anion channel activity." [PMID:17319842]


id: GO:0010361
name: regulation of anion channel activity by blue light
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process in which blue light modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anion channel activity." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:17319842]


id: GO:0010362
name: negative regulation of anion channel activity by blue light
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process in which blue light stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of the anion channel activity." [PMID:17319842]


id: GO:0010363
name: regulation of plant-type hypersensitive response
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any endogenous process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the plant hypersensitive response." [PMID:16255244]


id: GO:0010364
name: regulation of ethylene biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an ethylene biosynthetic process." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010365
name: positive regulation of ethylene biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an ethylene biosynthetic process." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010366
name: negative regulation of ethylene biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an ethylene biosynthetic process." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010367
name: extracellular isoamylase complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A protein complex whose composition varies amongst species; in rice it probably exists in a homo-tetramer to homo-hexamer form and in Gram negative bacteria as a dimer. Functions in the hydrolysis of alpha-(1,6)-D-glucosidic branch linkages. Isoamylases in animals are localized in the extracellular space." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010368
name: chloroplast isoamylase complex
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A protein complex whose composition varies amongst species; in rice it probably exists in a homo-tetramer to homo-hexamer form and in Gram negative bacteria as a dimer. Functions in the hydrolysis of alpha-(1,6)-D-glucosidic branch linkages. Isoamylases in plants are intracellular and probably chloroplast localized." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010369
name: chromocenter
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A region in which centric, heterochromatic portions of one or more chromosomes form a compact structure." [PMID:12384572, PMID:15053486, PMID:16831888]


id: GO:0010371
name: regulation of gibberellin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gibberellins." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010372
name: positive regulation of gibberellin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gibberellins." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010373
name: negative regulation of gibberellin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gibberellins." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010374
name: stomatal complex development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stomatal complex over time from its formation to the mature structure. The stomatal complex is the stomatal guard cells and their associated epidermal cells." [PMID:17259259]


id: GO:0010375
name: stomatal complex patterning
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The regionalization process of establishing the non-random spatial arrangement of stomatal complex on the surface of a leaf. The stomatal complex is the stomatal guard cells and their associated epidermal cells." [PMID:17259259]


id: GO:0010376
name: stomatal complex formation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process that gives rise to the stomatal complex. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The stomatal complex is the stomatal guard cells and their associated epidermal cells." [PMID:17259259]


id: GO:0010377
name: guard cell fate commitment
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a stomatal guard cell. Guard cells are located in the leaf epidermis and pairwise surround stomatal pores, which allow CO2 influx for photosynthetic carbon fixation and water loss via transpiration to the atmosphere." [PMID:17259259]


id: GO:0010378
name: temperature compensation of the circadian clock
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the circadian clock maintains robust and accurate timing over a broad range of physiological temperatures. The circadian clock is an endogenous 24-h timer found in most eukaryotes and in photosynthetic bacteria. The clock drives rhythms in the physiology, biochemistry, and metabolism of the organisms." [PMID:16617099]


id: GO:0010379
name: phaseic acid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phaseic acid (PA), a catabolite of the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA)." [BioCyc:PWY-5271]


id: GO:0010380
name: regulation of chlorophyll biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment, from less complex precursors." [PMID:17291312]


id: GO:0010381
name: attachment of peroxisome to chloroplast
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a peroxisome is transported to, and/or maintained in, a location adjacent to the chloroplast." [PMID:17215364]


id: GO:0010384
name: cell wall proteoglycan metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving cell wall peptidoglycan, a group of glycoproteins that consist of a core-protein backbone O-glycosylated by one or more complex carbohydrates." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010385
name: double-stranded methylated DNA binding
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded methylated DNA. Methylation of cytosine or adenine in DNA is an important mechanism for establishing stable heritable epigenetic marks." [GOC:imk, PMID:17242155]


id: GO:0010387
name: COP9 signalosome assembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a COP9 signalosome." [PMID:17307927]


id: GO:0010389
name: regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression from G2 phase to M phase of the mitotic cell cycle." [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, PMID:17329565]


id: GO:0010391
name: glucomannan metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucomannan, a polysaccharide composed of D-glucose and D-mannose. The mannose units form the backbone structure (a linear main chain) with the D-glucose as single side-units." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010392
name: galactoglucomannan metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactoglucomannan, a polysaccharide composed of D-glucose, D-galactose and D-mannose. The mannose units form the backbone structure (a linear main chain) decorated with a mixture of D-glucose and D-galactose side-units." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010393
name: galacturonan metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving galacturonan, a pectin polymer containing a backbone of alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galacturonic acid residues." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010394
name: homogalacturonan metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving homogalacturonan, a pectin characterized by a backbone of alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galacturonic acid residues that can be methyl-esterified at C-6 and carry acetyl groups on O-2 and O-3." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010395
name: rhamnogalacturonan I metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving rhamnogalacturonan I (RGI), a branched pectin with a backbone of alternating alpha-(1->2)-linked rhamnose and alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galacturonic acid residues that carries neutral side-chains of predominantly beta-(1->4)-D-galactose and/or alpha-(1->5)-L-arabinose residues attached to the rhamnose residues of the RGI backbone." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010396
name: rhamnogalacturonan II metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving rhamnogalacturonan II, a low molecular mass (5-10KDa) pectic polysaccharide. The backbone of RG-II contains at least 8 1,4-linked alpha-D-GalpA residues." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010397
name: apiogalacturonan metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the pectic apiogalacturonan, characterized by a backbone of alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galacturonic acid residues substituted with apiose and apiobiose (D-apiofuranosyl-beta-(1->3)-D-apiose) side chains via O-2 or O-3 links." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010398
name: xylogalacturonan metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylogalacturonan, a pectin characterized by a backbone of alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galacturonic acid residues substituted on C-3 with beta-D-xylopyranose residues." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010399
name: rhamnogalacturonan I backbone metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the alternating alpha-(1->2)-linked rhamnose and alpha-(1->2)-linked B-galacturonic acid residues of the rhamnogalacturonan I backbone." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010400
name: rhamnogalacturonan I side chain metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the side chains of the pectin, rhamnogalacturonan I." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010401
name: pectic galactan metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactan, a polymer of D-galactosyl units that can be found as a side chain of the pectin rhamnogalacturonan I." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010402
name: pectic arabinan metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving pectic arabinan, a polymer with an alpha-(1->5)-linked L-arabinofuranose (Araf) backbone that can be substituted with Araf-alpha-(1->2)-, Araf-alpha-(1->3)-, and/or Araf-alpha-(1->3)-Araf-alpha-(1->3)-side chains. Arabinan can be found as a side chain of the pectin rhamnogalacturonan I." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010403
name: pectic arabinogalactan I metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving pectic arabinogalactan I, an alpha-(1,4)-linked D-galactopyranose backbone that is substituted with alpha-l-Araf residues via the O-3 of the D-galactose residues. Arabinogalactan I can be found as a side chain of rhamnogalacturonan I." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010404
name: cell wall hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cell wall hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein that consist of a core-protein backbone O-glycosylated by one or more complex carbohydrates." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010405
name: arabinogalactan protein metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cell wall arabinogalactan II glycoprotein, which is composed of a group of core protein of highly varying length and domain complexity. These are O-glycosylated at one or more hydroxyproline residues by arabinogalactan (AG) type II groups, which consist of (1->3)-beta-galactan and (1->6)-beta-linked galactan chains connected to each other by (1->3,1->6)-linked branch points, O-3 and O-6 positions substituted with terminal arabinosyl residues. Also, rhamnose, fucose, glucuronic and galacturonic acid can be present in the glycan structures." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010406
name: classical arabinogalactan protein metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cell wall arabinogalactan II glycoprotein, which is composed of a group of core protein containing Hyp, Ala, Ser, Thr and Gly as the major amino acid constituents, and the C-terminus is GPI anchored." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010407
name: non-classical arabinogalactan protein metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cell wall arabinogalactan II glycoprotein where other amino acids besides Hyp, Ala, Ser, Thr and Gly can be present and grouped into regions, such as a Cys-rich or Asn-rich domains." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010408
name: fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the cell wall arabinogalactan II glycoprotein variant which contains both an arabinogalactan protein (AGP) motif and a fasciclin domain." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010409
name: extensin metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving extensins, a group of 60-90 kDNA hydroxyproline (Hyp)-rich glycoproteins whose polypeptide backbone consists of many repeats of structural Ser(Hyp)4-6 motifs, with heavily glycosylated 1-4 arabinose residues O-linked to contiguous stretches of Hyp residues, with most of the Ser residues being O-galactosylated." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010410
name: hemicellulose metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving hemicelluloses, plant cell wall polysaccharides that have a backbone of 1,4-linked beta-D-pyranosyl residues in which O4 is in the equatorial orientation. Many different hemicelluloses usually occur intermixed with each molecular type representing different degrees of polymerization and contain many different sugar monomers, which can include glucose, xylose, mannose, galactose, and arabinose. Hemicelluloses also contain most of the D-pentose sugars and occasionally small amounts of L-sugars as well. Xylose is always the sugar monomer present in the largest amount, but mannuronic acid and galacturonic acid also tend to be present." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010411
name: xyloglucan metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving xyloglucan, the cross-linking glycan composed of (1->4)-beta-D-glucan backbone substituted at regular intervals with beta-D-xylosyl-(1->6) residues, which is present in the primary cell wall of most higher plants." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010412
name: mannan metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannan, a group of polysaccharides containing a backbone composed of a polymer of D-mannose units." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010413
name: glucuronoxylan metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylan, a polymer containing a beta-(1->4)-linked D-xylose backbone decorated with glucuronic acid side units." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010414
name: glucuronoarabinoxylan metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylan, a polymer containing a beta-(1->4)-linked D-xylose backbone decorated with glucuronic acid and arabinose side units." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010415
name: unsubstituted mannan metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the mannan backbone, the unsubstituted polymer of D-mannose units." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010416
name: arabinoxylan-containing compound metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving an arabinoxylan, a polymer containing a beta-1,4-linked D-xylose backbone decorated with arabinose side units." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010417
name: glucuronoxylan biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucuronoxylan, a polymer containing a beta-1,4-linked D-xylose backbone substituted with glucuronic acid residues." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010418
name: rhamnogalacturonan II backbone metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the backbone structure of pectic rhamnogalacturonan II. The back bone contains at least 8 1,4-linked alpha-D-GalpA residues." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010419
name: rhamnogalacturonan II side chain metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving the side chains of pectic rhamnogalacturonan II. A number of structurally distinct di- and oligosaccharides can be attached to the C-3 and C-2 of the backbone, respectively." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010420
name: polyprenyldihydroxybenzoate methyltransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 3-polyprenyl-4,5-dihydroxybenzoate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3-polyprenyl-4-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzoate + H+." [PMID:9628017]


id: GO:0010421
name: hydrogen peroxide-mediated programmed cell death
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Programmed cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide. Programmed cell death is the cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes." [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:16036580]


id: GO:0010422
name: regulation of brassinosteroid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of brassinosteroids." [PMID:16857903]


id: GO:0010423
name: negative regulation of brassinosteroid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of brassinosteroids." [PMID:16857903]


id: GO:0010424
name: DNA methylation on cytosine within a CG sequence
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The covalent transfer of a methyl group to C-5 or N-4 of a cytosine located within a CG sequence in a DNA molecule." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:17239600]


id: GO:0010425
name: DNA methylation on cytosine within a CNG sequence
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The covalent transfer of a methyl group, to C-5 or N-4, of a cytosine located within a CNG sequence in a DNA molecule. N stands for any nucleotide." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:17239600]


id: GO:0010426
name: DNA methylation on cytosine within a CHH sequence
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The covalent transfer of a methyl group, to C-5 or N-4, of a cytosine located within an asymmetric CHH sequence in a DNA molecule. H stands for an adenine, cytosine, or thymine nucleotide." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, PMID:15861207, PMID:17239600]


id: GO:0010427
name: abscisic acid binding
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with abscisic acid, plant hormones that regulate aspects of plant growth." [PMID:17347412]


id: GO:0010428
name: methyl-CpNpG binding
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a methylated cytosine/unspecified/guanine trinucleotide." [PMID:17239600]


id: GO:0010429
name: methyl-CpNpN binding
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a methylated cytosine/unspecified/unspecified trinucleotide." [PMID:17239600]


id: GO:0010430
name: fatty acid omega-oxidation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A fatty acid oxidation process in which the methyl group at the end of the fatty acid molecule (the omega carbon) is first oxidized to a hydroxyl group, then to an oxo group, and finally to a carboxyl group. The long chain dicarboxylates derived from omega-oxidation then enter the beta-oxidation pathway for further degradation." [MetaCyc:PWY-2724, PMID:16404574]


id: GO:0010431
name: seed maturation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A process in seed development that occurs after embryogenesis by which a quiescent state is established in a seed. Seed maturation is characterized by storage compound accumulation, acquisition of desiccation tolerance, growth arrest and the entry into a dormancy period of variable length that is broken upon germination." [PMID:16096971]


id: GO:0010432
name: bract development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the bract over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A bract is a leaf, usually different in form from the foliage leaves, subtending a flower or inflorescence." [GOC:tb, PMID:16554366, PO:0009055]


id: GO:0010433
name: bract morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the anatomical structure of a bract are generated and organized. A bract is a leaf, usually different in form from the foliage leaves, subtending a flower or inflorescence." [GOC:tb, PMID:16554366, PO:0009055]


id: GO:0010434
name: bract formation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process that gives rise to a bract. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. A bract is a leaf, usually different in form from the foliage leaves, subtending a flower or inflorescence." [GOC:tb, PMID:16554366, PO:0009055]


id: GO:0010435
name: 3-oxo-2-(2'-pentenyl)cyclopentane-1-octanoic acid CoA ligase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 3-oxo-2-(2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-octanoic acid + coenzyme A = AMP + diphosphate + 3-oxo-2-(2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-octanoyl-CoA + H+. 3-oxo-2-(2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-octanoic acid is also known as OPC-8:0." [PMID:16963437]


id: GO:0010437
name: 9,10 (9', 10')-carotenoid-cleaving dioxygenase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the oxidative cleavage of carotenoids at the (9, 10) and/or (9', 10') double bond." [PMID:16459333]


id: GO:0010438
name: cellular response to sulfur starvation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of sulfur." [PMID:17420480]


id: GO:0010439
name: regulation of glucosinolate biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucosinolates, substituted thioglucosides found in rapeseed products and related cruciferae." [PMID:17420480]


id: GO:0010440
name: stomatal lineage progression
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which an unspecialized epidermal cell progresses through a series of divisions that culminate in the production of a stomatal complex." [GOC:expert_db, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010441
name: guard cell development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the guard cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010442
name: guard cell morphogenesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Generation and organization of the polarized cell that is capable of turgor driven movement." [GOC:expert_db, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010443
name: meristemoid mother cell division
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The asymmetric cell division by which a meristemoid mother cells (MMC) give rise to a meristemoid and another cell. The other cell may itself become a MMC or may generate an epidermal cell. Any cell that undergoes this type of division is a MMC." [GOC:expert_db, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010444
name: guard mother cell differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a meristemoid acquires the specialized features of a guard mother cell." [GOC:expert_db, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010445
name: nuclear dicing body
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A small round nuclear body, measuring 0.2-0.8 microns in diameter that is diffusely distributed throughout the nucleoplasm. Several proteins known to be involved in miRNA processing have been localized to these structures. D-bodies are thought to be involved in primary-miRNA processing and/or storage/assembly of miRNA processing complexes." [PMID:17442570]


id: GO:0010446
name: response to alkaline pH
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pH stimulus with pH > 7. pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH]


id: GO:0010447
name: response to acidic pH
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pH stimulus with pH < 7. pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH]


id: GO:0010448
name: vegetative meristem growth
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The increase in size or mass of a vegetative meristem, a population of undifferentiated cells in a plant shoot which maintains a continuous balance between the production of stem cells and the incorporation of their derivatives into lateral organ primordia." [GOC:tb, ISBN:0849397928]


id: GO:0010449
name: root meristem growth
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The increase in size or mass of a root meristem, a population of undifferentiated cells in a plant root which maintains a continuous balance between the production of stem cells and the incorporation of their derivatives into the growth of the root." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010450
name: inflorescence meristem growth
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The increase in size or mass of an inflorescence meristem, a population of undifferentiated cells in a plant shoot which produces small leaves and then floral meristems, which will give rise to flowers." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010451
name: floral meristem growth
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The increase in size or mass of a floral meristem, a population of undifferentiated cells in a plant that gives rise to a flower." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010452
name: histone H3-K36 methylation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The modification of histone H3 by addition of one or more methyl groups to lysine at position 36 of the histone." [GOC:pr, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010453
name: regulation of cell fate commitment
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell fate commitment. Cell fate commitment is the commitment of cells to specific cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into particular kinds of cells. Positional information is established through protein signals that emanate from a localized source within a cell (the initial one-cell zygote) or within a developmental field." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010454
name: negative regulation of cell fate commitment
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency or rate of cell fate commitment. Cell fate commitment is the commitment of cells to specific cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into particular kinds of cells. Positional information is established through protein signals that emanate from a localized source within a cell (the initial one-cell zygote) or within a developmental field." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010455
name: positive regulation of cell fate commitment
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency or rate of cell fate commitment. Cell fate commitment is the commitment of cells to specific cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into particular kinds of cells. Positional information is established through protein signals that emanate from a localized source within a cell (the initial one-cell zygote) or within a developmental field." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010456
name: cell proliferation in dorsal spinal cord
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of the dorsal spinal cord cell population." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010457
name: centriole-centriole cohesion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the two centrioles within a centrosome remain tightly paired." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010458
name: exit from mitosis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The cell cycle transition where a cell leaves M phase and enters a new G1 phase. M phase is the part of the mitotic cell cycle during which mitosis and cytokinesis take place." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010459
name: negative regulation of heart rate
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency or rate of heart contraction." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010460
name: positive regulation of heart rate
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or increases the frequency or rate of heart contraction." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010461
name: light-activated ion channel activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens in response to a light stimulus." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010462
name: regulation of light-activated voltage-gated calcium channel activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of light-activated voltage-gated calcium channel activity." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010463
name: mesenchymal cell proliferation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a mesenchymal cell population. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010464
name: regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010465
name: nerve growth factor receptor activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Combining with nerve growth factor (NGF), to prevent apoptosis in neurons and promote nerve growth, or to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010466
name: negative regulation of peptidase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops or reduces the rate of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010467
name: gene expression
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010468
name: regulation of gene expression
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010469
name: regulation of receptor activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of receptor activity. Receptor activity is when a molecule combines with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010470
name: regulation of gastrulation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of gastrulation. Gastrulation is the complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010471
name: GDP-galactose:mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-galactose + alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate = GDP-alpha-D-mannose + alpha-L-galactose-1-phosphate." [MetaCyc:RXN4FS-12, PMID:17485667]


id: GO:0010472
name: GDP-galactose:glucose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-galactose + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate = alpha-L-galactose-1-phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-glucose." [MetaCyc:RXN4FS-13, PMID:17485667]


id: GO:0010473
name: GDP-galactose:myoinositol-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-galactose + myo-inositol 1-phosphate = alpha-L-galactose-1-phosphate + GDP-myoinositol." [PMID:17485667]


id: GO:0010475
name: galactose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase (GDP) activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: GDP + L-galactose 1-phosphate = phosphate + GDP-galactose." [PMID:17462988]


id: GO:0010476
name: gibberellin mediated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of gibberellin stimulus." [PMID:17521411]


id: GO:0010477
name: response to sulfur dioxide
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a sulfur dioxide (SO2) stimulus." [PMID:17425719]


id: GO:0010478
name: chlororespiration
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A respiratory electron flow (from NAD(P)H to plastoquinone (PQ) and O2) involving both a nonphotochemical reduction and re-oxidation of PQ pool." [GOC:mtg_electron_transport, GOC:tb, PMID:17573537]


id: GO:0010479
name: stele development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stele over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The stele is the central column of primary vascular tissue in the root and any tissue that it surrounds." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010480
name: microsporocyte differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process aimed at the progression of a microsporocyte cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. A microsporocyte is a diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and forms four haploid (1n) microspores; also called microspore mother cell and, in seed plants, pollen mother cell." [CL:0000248, PMID:16751349]


id: GO:0010481
name: epidermal cell division
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process resulting in the physical partitioning and separation of an epidermal cell, any of the cells making up the epidermis, into daughter cells." [PMID:17450124]


id: GO:0010482
name: regulation of epidermal cell division
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the physical partitioning and separation of an epidermal cell into daughter cells. An epidermal cell is any of the cells that make up the epidermis." [PMID:17450124]


id: GO:0010483
name: pollen tube reception
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Interaction between the pollen tube, part of the male gametophyte, and the ovule, part of the female gametophyte, that results in the arrest of pollen tube growth, rupture of the pollen tube and the release of the sperm cells." [GOC:tb, PMID:17673660]


id: GO:0010486
name: manganese:proton antiporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Mn2+(in) + H+(out) = Mn2+(out) + H+(in)." [PMID:17559518]


id: GO:0010487
name: thermospermine synthase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methioninamine + spermidine = S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + thermospermine + H+." [EC:2.5.1.79, MetaCyc:RXN-11190, PMID:17560575]


id: GO:0010488
name: UDP-galactose:N-glycan beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-galactose + N-glycan = galactose-beta-1,3-N-glycan + UDP." [PMID:17630273]


id: GO:0010489
name: UDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-glucose-3,5-epimerase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-4-keto-6-deoxyglucose = UDP-4-keto-rhamnose." [GOC:tair_curators, PMID:17190829]


id: GO:0010490
name: UDP-4-keto-rhamnose-4-keto-reductase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-4-keto-rhamnose + NADPH = UDP-rhamnose + NADP+." [GOC:tair_curators, PMID:17190829]


id: GO:0010491
name: UTP:arabinose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-L-arabinose 1-phosphate + UTP = UDP-L-arabinose + diphosphate." [PMID:17341835]


id: GO:0010492
name: maintenance of shoot apical meristem identity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which an organism retains a population of shoot apical meristem cells, preventing the commitment of all stem cell progeny to a differentiated cell fate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:17461786]


id: GO:0010493
name: Lewis a epitope biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a Lewis a epitope, a trisaccharide (Fuc-alpha-(1->4)[Gal-beta-(1->3)]GlcNAc) characteristic of plant protein N-linked oligosaccharides." [PMID:17630273]


id: GO:0010494
name: cytoplasmic stress granule
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "A dense aggregation in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress." [GOC:ans, PMID:17284590, PMID:17601829, PMID:17967451, PMID:20368989]


id: GO:0010495
name: long-distance posttranscriptional gene silencing
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A posttranscriptional gene silencing process in which the silencing signal originates in a tissue separate from the tissue in which the silencing takes place." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:11590235, PMID:17785412]


id: GO:0010497
name: plasmodesmata-mediated intercellular transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The movement of substances between cells via plasmodesmata. Plasmodesmata is a fine cytoplasmic channel, found in all higher plants, that connects the cytoplasm of one cell to that of an adjacent cell." [PMID:17601829]


id: GO:0010498
name: proteasomal protein catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010499
name: proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome but do not involve ubiquitin." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010500
name: transmitting tissue development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the transmitting tract over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The transmitting tissue is the tissue in the style of a carpel through which the pollen tube grows; it connects the stigma and the inside of ovary." [PMID:17855426]


id: GO:0010503
name: obsolete negative regulation of cell cycle arrest in response to nitrogen starvation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency or rate of cell cycle arrest in response to nitrogen starvation." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010504
name: obsolete regulation of cell cycle arrest in response to nitrogen starvation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle arrest in response to nitrogen starvation." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010505
name: obsolete positive regulation of cell cycle arrest in response to nitrogen starvation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Any process that increases the frequency or rate of cell cycle arrest in response to nitrogen starvation." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010506
name: regulation of autophagy
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010507
name: negative regulation of autophagy
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010508
name: positive regulation of autophagy
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010509
name: polyamine homeostasis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of a polyamine." [GOC:dph, GOC:rph, GOC:tb, PMID:11161802, PMID:9761731]


id: GO:0010510
name: regulation of acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from pyruvate
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010511
name: regulation of phosphatidylinositol biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylinositol." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, GOC:vw]


id: GO:0010512
name: negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylinositol." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, GOC:vw]


id: GO:0010513
name: positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylinositol." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, GOC:vw]


id: GO:0010514
name: induction of conjugation with cellular fusion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a cell initiates conjugation with cellular fusion. Conjugation with cellular fusion is the process that results in the union of cellular and genetic information from compatible mating types." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010515
name: negative regulation of induction of conjugation with cellular fusion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency or rate of initiation of conjugation with cellular fusion." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010516
name: negative regulation of cellular response to nitrogen starvation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular response to nitrogen starvation." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010517
name: regulation of phospholipase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipase activity, the hydrolysis of a phospholipid." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010518
name: positive regulation of phospholipase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipase activity, the hydrolysis of a phospholipid." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010519
name: negative regulation of phospholipase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipase activity, the hydrolysis of a phospholipid." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010520
name: regulation of reciprocal meiotic recombination
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of recombination during meiosis. Reciprocal meiotic recombination is the cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a double Holliday junction intermediate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010521
name: telomerase inhibitor activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a telomerase. Telomerase catalyzes the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1). Catalyzes extension of the 3'- end of a DNA strand by one deoxynucleotide at a time using an internal RNA template that encodes the telomeric repeat sequence." [GOC:dph, GOC:krc, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010522
name: regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate of the directed movement of calcium ions into the cytosol of a cell. The cytosol is that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010523
name: negative regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate of the directed movement of calcium ions into the cytosol of a cell. The cytosol is that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010524
name: positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate of the directed movement of calcium ions into the cytosol of a cell. The cytosol is that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010525
name: regulation of transposition, RNA-mediated
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of RNA-mediated transposition. RNA-mediated transposition is a type of transpositional recombination which occurs via an RNA intermediate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010526
name: negative regulation of transposition, RNA-mediated
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of RNA-mediated transposition. RNA-mediated transposition is a type of transpositional recombination which occurs via an RNA intermediate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010527
name: positive regulation of transposition, RNA-mediated
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of RNA-mediated transposition. RNA-mediated transposition is a type of transpositional recombination which occurs via an RNA intermediate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010528
name: regulation of transposition
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transposition. Transposition results in the movement of discrete segments of DNA between nonhomologous sites." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010529
name: negative regulation of transposition
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of transposition. Transposition results in the movement of discrete segments of DNA between nonhomologous sites." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010530
name: positive regulation of transposition
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of transposition. Transposition results in the movement of discrete segments of DNA between nonhomologous sites." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010531
name: activation of JAK1 kinase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a JAK1 (Janus Activated Kinase 1) protein, thereby activating it." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:9135582]


id: GO:0010532
name: regulation of activation of JAK1 kinase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of activation of JAK1 protein. The activation of JAK1 protein is the process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a JAK1 (Janus Activated Kinase 1) protein, thereby activating it." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:9135582]


id: GO:0010533
name: regulation of activation of Janus kinase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of activation of JAK protein. The activation of JAK protein is the process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a JAK (Janus Activated Kinase) protein, thereby activating it." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:17190829, PMID:9135582]


id: GO:0010534
name: regulation of activation of JAK2 kinase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of activation of JAK2 protein. The activation of JAK2 protein is the process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a JAK2 (Janus Activated Kinase 2) protein, thereby activating it." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:9135582]


id: GO:0010535
name: positive regulation of activation of JAK2 kinase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increase the frequency or rate of activation of JAK2 protein. The activation of JAK2 protein is the process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a JAK2 (Janus Activated Kinase 2) protein, thereby activating it." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:9135582]


id: GO:0010536
name: positive regulation of activation of Janus kinase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency or rate of activation of JAK protein. The activation of JAK protein is the process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a JAK (Janus Activated Kinase) protein, thereby activating it." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:9135582]


id: GO:0010537
name: positive regulation of activation of JAK1 kinase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency or rate of activation of JAK1 protein. The activation of JAK1 protein is the process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a JAK1 (Janus Activated Kinase 1) protein, thereby activating it." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:9135582]


id: GO:0010538
name: obsolete Hsp27 protein regulator activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Modulates the activity of the Hsp27 molecular chaperone." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:11546764]


id: GO:0010539
name: obsolete Hsp27 protein inhibitor activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of the Hsp27 molecular chaperone." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010540
name: basipetal auxin transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The unidirectional movement of auxin from the apex to base of an organ, including the shoot, leaf, primary root, or lateral root." [PMID:10677441]


id: GO:0010541
name: acropetal auxin transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The unidirectional movement of auxin from the base towards the apex of an organ, including the shoot, leaf, primary root, or lateral root." [PMID:10677441]


id: GO:0010542
name: nitrate efflux transmembrane transporter activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Enables the transfer of nitrate from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane." [GOC:mah]


id: GO:0010543
name: regulation of platelet activation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of platelet activation. Platelet activation is a series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of the platelets to subendothelial tissue." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010544
name: negative regulation of platelet activation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of platelet activation. Platelet activation is a series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of the platelets to subendothelial tissue." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010545
name: obsolete Hsp90 protein regulator activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Binds to and modulates the activity of the molecular chaperone Hsp90." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:11146632]


id: GO:0010546
name: obsolete Hsp90 protein inhibitor activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of the Hsp90 molecular chaperone." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:11146632]


id: GO:0010547
name: thylakoid membrane disassembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The controlled breakdown of the thylakoid membrane in the context of a normal process." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:17416733]


id: GO:0010548
name: regulation of thylakoid membrane disassembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of thylakoid membrane disassembly." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:17416733]


id: GO:0010549
name: regulation of membrane disassembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of membrane disassembly." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010550
name: regulation of PSII associated light-harvesting complex II catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of one or more components of the light-harvesting complex of photosystem II." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010554
name: neurotransmitter secretory pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A regulated secretory pathway in which neurotransmitters are initially stored in secretory vesicles for later release." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010555
name: response to mannitol
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a sucrose stimulus." [PMID:17999646]


id: GO:0010556
name: regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010557
name: positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010558
name: negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010559
name: regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010560
name: positive regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010561
name: negative regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010562
name: positive regulation of phosphorus metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphorus or compounds containing phosphorus." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010563
name: negative regulation of phosphorus metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphorus or compounds containing phosphorus." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010564
name: regulation of cell cycle process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates a cellular process that is involved in the progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010565
name: regulation of cellular ketone metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the chemical reactions and pathways involving any of a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group, CO, and in which the carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms. The general formula for a ketone is RCOR, where R and R are alkyl or aryl groups." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010566
name: regulation of ketone biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ketone, carried out by individual cells." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010567
name: regulation of ketone catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a ketone, carried out by individual cells." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010568
name: regulation of budding cell apical bud growth
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of growth at the tip of a bud, in a cell that reproduces by budding." [GOC:dph, GOC:jp, GOC:tb, PMID:17417630]


id: GO:0010569
name: regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the error-free repair of a double-strand break in DNA in which the broken DNA molecule is repaired using homologous sequences." [GOC:dph, GOC:jp, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010570
name: regulation of filamentous growth
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which a multicellular organism or a group of unicellular organisms grow in a threadlike, filamentous shape." [GOC:dph, GOC:jp, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010571
name: positive regulation of nuclear cell cycle DNA replication
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of The DNA-dependent DNA replication that occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic organisms as part of the cell cycle." [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]


id: GO:0010572
name: positive regulation of platelet activation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate or frequency of platelet activation. Platelet activation is a series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of the platelets to subendothelial tissue." [GOC:dph, GOC:sl, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010573
name: vascular endothelial growth factor production
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The appearance of vascular endothelial growth factor production due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels." [GOC:rl]


id: GO:0010574
name: regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of vascular endothelial growth factor." [GOC:rl]


id: GO:0010575
name: positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases or activates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of vascular endothelial growth factor." [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]


id: GO:0010576
name: metalloenzyme regulator activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Modulates the activity of a metalloenzyme. A metalloenzyme is any enzyme that contains metal." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010577
name: metalloenzyme activator activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Increases the activity of a metalloenzyme. A metalloenzyme is any enzyme that contains metal." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010578
name: regulation of adenylate cyclase activity involved in G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of adenylate cyclase (AC) activity that is an integral part of a G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:dph, GOC:signaling, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010579
namespace: biological_process
name:
  positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity involved in G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway

def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of adenylate cyclase (AC) activity that is an integral part of a G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:dph, GOC:signaling, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010581
name: regulation of starch biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "An process which modulate the frequency, rate or extent of starch biosynthesis, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of starch." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010582
name: floral meristem determinacy
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a floral meristem becomes determinate (i.e. ceases to produce lateral organs and may or may not terminally differentiate)." [PMID:18441215]


id: GO:0010583
name: response to cyclopentenone
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cyclopentenone stimulus. Cyclopentenones are oxylipins derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are structurally similar to jasmonic acid, but contain a reactive unsaturated carbonyl structure in the cyclo-ring. Cyclopentenones include phytoprostanes and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid." [PMID:18334669]


id: GO:0010584
name: pollen exine formation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The formation of the pollen exine. The reticulate pollen wall pattern consists of two layers, exine and intine." [GOC:dhl]


id: GO:0010586
name: miRNA metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving miRNA, microRNA, a class of single-stranded RNA molecules of about 21-23 nucleotides in length, which regulates gene expression." [PMID:17993620]


id: GO:0010587
name: miRNA catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of miRNA, microRNA, a class of single-stranded RNA molecules of about 21-23 nucleotides in length, which regulates gene expression." [PMID:17993620]


id: GO:0010588
name: cotyledon vascular tissue pattern formation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Vascular tissue pattern formation as it occurs in the cotyledon of vascular plants." [PMID:10559439]


id: GO:0010589
name: leaf proximal/distal pattern formation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The regionalization process within a leaf by which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along a proximal/distal axis." [PMID:18398054]


id: GO:0010590
name: regulation of cell separation after cytokinesis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the process of physically separating progeny cells after cytokinesis; this may involve enzymatic digestion of septum or cell wall components." [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:19959363, PMID:21246752, PMID:22786806]


id: GO:0010591
name: regulation of lamellipodium assembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the formation of a lamellipodium, a thin sheetlike extension of the surface of a migrating cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010592
name: positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the formation of a lamellipodium, a thin sheetlike extension of the surface of a migrating cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010593
name: negative regulation of lamellipodium assembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the formation of a lamellipodium, a thin sheetlike extension of the surface of a migrating cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010594
name: regulation of endothelial cell migration
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010595
name: positive regulation of endothelial cell migration
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010596
name: negative regulation of endothelial cell migration
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010597
name: green leaf volatile biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of volatile molecules emitted from green plants, such as hexenal, hexenol and hexenyl acetate, from linoleic acid or linolenic acid." [PMID:17163881]


id: GO:0010598
name: NAD(P)H dehydrogenase complex (plastoquinone)
namespace: cellular_component
def:
  "Complex that possesses NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (plastoquinone) activity. The complex is one of the components of the electron transport chain. It is involved in electron transport from an unidentified electron donor, possibly NADH, NADPH or ferredoxin(Fd) to the plastoquinone pool." [PMID:15608332]


id: GO:0010599
name: production of lsiRNA involved in RNA interference
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Cleavage of double-stranded RNA to form lsiRNA (long small interfering RNA), a class of siRNAs 30 to 40 nt in length. lsiRNAs are induced by pathogen infection or under specific growth conditions." [PMID:18003861]


id: GO:0010600
name: regulation of auxin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of auxins, plant hormones that regulate aspects of plant growth." [PMID:18287041]


id: GO:0010601
name: positive regulation of auxin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of auxins, plant hormones that regulate aspects of plant growth." [PMID:18287041]


id: GO:0010602
name: regulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Regulation of the chemical reactions and pathways involving 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, the anion of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, a natural product found in plant tissues. It is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of ethylene (ethene), a fruit-ripening hormone in plants." [PMID:18055613]


id: GO:0010603
name: regulation of cytoplasmic mRNA processing body assembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a cytoplasmic mRNA processing body." [GOC:dph, GOC:krc, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010604
name: positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010605
name: negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010606
name: positive regulation of cytoplasmic mRNA processing body assembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a cytoplasmic mRNA processing body." [GOC:dph, GOC:krc, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010607
name: negative regulation of cytoplasmic mRNA processing body assembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a cytoplasmic mRNA processing body." [GOC:dph, GOC:krc, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010608
name: posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression after the production of an RNA transcript." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010609
name: mRNA localization resulting in posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression after the production of a mRNA transcript by its transport into, or maintainance in, a specific location within the cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010610
name: regulation of mRNA stability involved in response to stress
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the propensity of mRNA molecules to degradation that is part of a change in state or activity of a cell as a result of an exogenous disturbance." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010611
name: regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010612
name: regulation of cardiac muscle adaptation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, extent or frequency of the process in which cardiac muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010613
name: positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010614
name: negative regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010615
name: positive regulation of cardiac muscle adaptation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, extent or frequency of the process in which cardiac muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010616
name: negative regulation of cardiac muscle adaptation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, extent or frequency of the process in which cardiac muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010617
name: circadian regulation of calcium ion oscillation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the concentration of cytosolic free calcium ion [Ca2+]cyt with a regularity of approximately 24 hours." [PMID:17982000]


id: GO:0010618
name: aerenchyma formation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process that gives rise to aerenchyma, parenchyma tissue containing particularly large intercellular spaces of schizogenous or lysigenous origin. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts." [PMID:18055613, PO:0005702]


id: GO:0010619
name: adenylate cyclase-activating glucose-activated G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of glucose binding to a G-protein coupled receptor, where the pathway proceeds with activation of adenylyl cyclase and a subsequent increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP)." [GOC:dph, GOC:signaling, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010620
name: negative regulation of transcription by transcription factor catabolism
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-dependent transcription using a mechanism that involves the catabolism of a sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010621
name: negative regulation of transcription by transcription factor localization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-dependent transcription using a mechanism that involves the localization of a transcription factor." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010622
name: specification of ovule identity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The regionalization process in which the identity of an ovule is specified. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010623
name: developmental programmed cell death
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The activation of endogenous cellular processes that result in the death of a cell as part of its development." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010624
name: regulation of Schwann cell proliferation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system." [GOC:dph, GOC:sl, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010625
name: positive regulation of Schwann cell proliferation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency or rate of the multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system." [GOC:dph, GOC:sl, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010626
name: negative regulation of Schwann cell proliferation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system." [GOC:dph, GOC:sl, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010628
name: positive regulation of gene expression
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010629
name: negative regulation of gene expression
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010630
name: regulation of transcription, start site selection
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the synthesis of either RNA on a template of DNA or DNA on a template of RNA by a mechanism that selects the start site along that template." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010631
name: epithelial cell migration
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The orderly movement of an epithelial cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010632
name: regulation of epithelial cell migration
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell migration." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010633
name: negative regulation of epithelial cell migration
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell migration." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010634
name: positive regulation of epithelial cell migration
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell migration." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010635
name: regulation of mitochondrial fusion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of merging of two or more mitochondria within a cell to form a single compartment." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010636
name: positive regulation of mitochondrial fusion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of merging of two or more mitochondria within a cell to form a single compartment." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010637
name: negative regulation of mitochondrial fusion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of merging of two or more mitochondria within a cell to form a single compartment." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010638
name: positive regulation of organelle organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010639
name: negative regulation of organelle organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010640
name: regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:dph, GOC:hjd, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010641
name: positive regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:dph, GOC:hjd, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010642
name: negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway." [GOC:dph, GOC:hjd, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010643
name: cell communication by chemical coupling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by the transfer of small, water-soluble molecules or metabolites between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010644
name: cell communication by electrical coupling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010645
name: regulation of cell communication by chemical coupling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication via chemical coupling. Cell communication by chemical coupling is the process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by the transfer of small, water-soluble molecules or metabolites between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010646
name: regulation of cell communication
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010647
name: positive regulation of cell communication
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010648
name: negative regulation of cell communication
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010649
name: regulation of cell communication by electrical coupling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication via electrical coupling. Cell communication via electrical coupling is the process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010650
name: positive regulation of cell communication by electrical coupling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication via electrical coupling. Cell communication via electrical coupling is the process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010651
name: negative regulation of cell communication by electrical coupling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication via electrical coupling. Cell communication via electrical coupling is the process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010652
name: positive regulation of cell communication by chemical coupling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication via chemical coupling. Cell communication by chemical coupling is the process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by the transfer of small, water-soluble molecules or metabolites between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010653
name: negative regulation of cell communication by chemical coupling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication via chemical coupling. Cell communication by chemical coupling is the process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by the transfer of small, water-soluble molecules or metabolites between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010654
name: apical cell fate commitment
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into an apical cell. The apical cell is the upper cell formed after the first division of the zygote." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010656
name: negative regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010657
name: muscle cell apoptotic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. A muscle cell is a mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte, that forms one of three kinds of muscle." [CL:0000187, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010658
name: striated muscle cell apoptotic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a striated muscle cell and result in its death. Striated muscle cells make up striated muscle fibers which are divided by transverse bands into striations." [CL:0000737, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010659
name: cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a cardiac muscle cell and result in its death. Cardiac muscle cells are striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction." [CL:0000746, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010660
name: regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010661
name: positive regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010662
name: regulation of striated muscle cell apoptotic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of striated muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a striated muscle cell and result in its death." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010663
name: positive regulation of striated muscle cell apoptotic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate or extent of striated muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a striated muscle cell and result in its death." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010664
name: negative regulation of striated muscle cell apoptotic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate or extent of striated muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a striated muscle cell and result in its death." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:rl, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010665
name: regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of cardiac cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a cardiac muscle cell and result in its death." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010666
name: positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate or extent of cardiac cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a cardiac muscle cell and result in its death." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010667
name: negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate or extent of cardiac cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a cardiac muscle cell and result in its death." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:rl, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010668
name: ectodermal cell differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of an ectodermal cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010669
name: epithelial structure maintenance
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A tissue homeostatic process required for the maintenance of epithelial structure." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010670
name: obsolete positive regulation of oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dioxygen (O2), or any of the reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals (-OH)." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010671
name: obsolete negative regulation of oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dioxygen (O2), or any of the reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals (-OH)." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010672
name: regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in meiotic cell cycle
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A cell cycle process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as part of the meiotic cell cycle." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010673
name: positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in meiotic cell cycle
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A cell cycle process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as part of the meiotic cell cycle." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010674
name: negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in meiotic cell cycle
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A cell cycle process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II as part of the meiotic cell cycle." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010675
name: regulation of cellular carbohydrate metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, extent or frequency of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010676
name: positive regulation of cellular carbohydrate metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, extent or frequency of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010677
name: negative regulation of cellular carbohydrate metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, extent or frequency of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010678
namespace: biological_process
name:
  negative regulation of cellular carbohydrate metabolic process by negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated

def:
  "Any cellular process that decreases the rate, extent or frequency of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates carried out by repression of transcription." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010679
name: cinnamic acid biosynthetic process involved in salicylic acid metabolism
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cinnamic acid, 3-phenyl-2-propenoic acid, which is then utilized in the metabolism of salicylic acid." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010680
name: cinnamic acid biosynthetic process involved in coumarin metabolism
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cinnamic acid, 3-phenyl-2-propenoic acid, which is then utilized in the metabolism of coumarin." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010681
name: cinnamic acid biosynthetic process involved in stilbene metabolism
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cinnamic acid, 3-phenyl-2-propenoic acid, which is then utilized in the metabolism of stilbene." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010682
name: cinnamic acid biosynthetic process involved in flavonoid metabolism
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cinnamic acid, 3-phenyl-2-propenoic acid, which is then utilized in the metabolism of flavonoids." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010683
name: tricyclic triterpenoid metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving tricyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 3 rings." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010684
name: tricyclic triterpenoid catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tricyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 3 rings." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010685
name: tetracyclic triterpenoid metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetracyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 4 carbon rings." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010686
name: tetracyclic triterpenoid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetracyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 4 carbon rings." [GOC:tair_curators]


id: GO:0010688
name: negative regulation of ribosomal protein gene transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the synthesis of RNA from ribosomal protein genes by RNA polymerase II, originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, GOC:txnOH]


id: GO:0010689
namespace: biological_process
name:
  negative regulation of ribosomal protein gene transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to chemical stimulus

def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the synthesis of RNA from ribosomal protein genes by RNA polymerase II, originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter, as a result of a chemical stimulus." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, GOC:txnOH]


id: GO:0010690
namespace: biological_process
name:
  negative regulation of ribosomal protein gene transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to stress

def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the synthesis of RNA from ribosomal protein genes by RNA polymerase II, originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter, as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, GOC:txnOH]


id: GO:0010691
namespace: biological_process
name:
  negative regulation of ribosomal protein gene transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to nutrient levels

def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the synthesis of RNA from ribosomal protein genes by RNA polymerase II, originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter, as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, GOC:txnOH]


id: GO:0010692
name: regulation of alkaline phosphatase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of alkaline phosphatase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an alkaline pH optimum." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010693
name: negative regulation of alkaline phosphatase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of alkaline phosphatase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an alkaline pH optimum." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010694
name: positive regulation of alkaline phosphatase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of alkaline phosphatase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an alkaline pH optimum." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010695
name: regulation of spindle pole body separation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the process involving the release of duplicated spindle pole bodies (SPBs) and their migration away from each other within the nuclear membrane." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:16792804, PMID:18500339]


id: GO:0010696
name: positive regulation of spindle pole body separation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the process involving the release of duplicated spindle pole bodies (SPBs) and their migration away from each other within the nuclear membrane." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:16792804, PMID:18500339]


id: GO:0010697
name: negative regulation of spindle pole body separation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the process involving the release of duplicated spindle pole bodies (SPBs) and their migration away from each other within the nuclear membrane." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:16792804, PMID:18500339]


id: GO:0010698
name: acetyltransferase activator activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Binds to and increases the activity of an acetyltransferase, an enzyme which catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group to an acceptor molecule." [GOC:dph, GOC:jp, GOC:tb, PMID:18690240]


id: GO:0010699
name: cell-cell signaling involved in quorum sensing
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The cell-cell signaling process in which single-celled organisms monitor population density by detecting the concentration of small diffusible signal molecules." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010700
name: negative regulation of norepinephrine secretion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of norepinephrine." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010701
name: positive regulation of norepinephrine secretion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of norepinephrine." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010702
name: regulation of histolysis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the breakdown of tissues; usually, if not always, accompanied by cell death." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:rl, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010703
name: negative regulation of histolysis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the breakdown of tissues; usually, if not always, accompanied by cell death." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:rl, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010704
name: meiotic DNA double-strand break processing involved in meiotic gene conversion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The cell cycle process in which the 5' to 3' exonucleolytic resection of the DNA at the site of the break to form a 3' single-strand DNA overhang resulting in the transfer of genetic information from one helix to another." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010705
name: meiotic DNA double-strand break processing involved in reciprocal meiotic recombination
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The cell cycle process in which the 5' to 3' exonucleolytic resection of the DNA at the site of the break to form a 3' single-strand DNA overhang occurs resulting in double strand break formation and repair through a double Holliday junction intermediate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010706
name: ganglioside biosynthetic process via lactosylceramide
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gangliosides that begins with the formation of lactosylceramides, Gal-beta-(1->4)-Glc-beta-(1->1') ceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic C1 hydroxyl group of lactose by a ceramide group." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010707
name: globoside biosynthetic process via lactosylceramide
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of globosides that begins with the formation of lactosylceramides, Gal-beta-(1->4)-Glc-beta-(1->1') ceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic C1 hydroxyl group of lactose by a ceramide group." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010708
name: heteroduplex formation involved in gene conversion at mating-type locus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The formation of a stable duplex DNA that contains one strand from each of the two recombining DNA molecules resulting in the conversion of the mating-type locus from one allele to another." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010709
namespace: biological_process
name:
  heteroduplex formation involved in double-strand break repair via synthesis-dependent strand annealing

def:
  "The formation of a stable duplex DNA that contains one strand from each of the two recombining DNA molecules resulting in the error-free repair of a double-strand break without the exchange of adjacent sequences." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010710
name: regulation of collagen catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of collagen catabolism. Collagen catabolism is the proteolytic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of collagen in the extracellular matrix." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010711
name: negative regulation of collagen catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of collagen catabolism. Collagen catabolism is the proteolytic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of collagen in the extracellular matrix." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010712
name: regulation of collagen metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the metabolism of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010713
name: negative regulation of collagen metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the metabolism of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010714
name: positive regulation of collagen metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the metabolism of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010715
name: regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of extracellular matrix disassembly. Extracellular matrix disassembly is a process that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010716
name: negative regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of extracellular matrix disassembly. Extracellular matrix disassembly is a process that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010717
name: regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010718
name: positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition is where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010719
name: negative regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010720
name: positive regulation of cell development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the progression of the cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010721
name: negative regulation of cell development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the progression of the cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010722
name: regulation of ferrochelatase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ferrochelatase activity; catalysis of the reaction: protoporphyrin + Fe2+ = protoheme + 2 H+." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010723
name: positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to iron
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter in response to an iron stimulus." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010724
name: regulation of definitive erythrocyte differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of definitive erythrocyte differentiation. Definitive erythrocyte differentiation occurs as part of the process of definitive hemopoiesis." [GOC:add, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010725
name: regulation of primitive erythrocyte differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of primitive erythrocyte differentiation. Primitive erythrocyte differentiation occurs as part of the process of primitive hemopoiesis." [GOC:add, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010726
name: positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving hydrogen peroxide." [GOC:dph, GOC:hjd, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010727
name: negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving hydrogen peroxide." [GOC:dph, GOC:hjd, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010728
name: regulation of hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of hydrogen peroxide biosynthesis. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA." [GOC:dph, GOC:hjd, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010729
name: positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of hydrogen peroxide biosynthesis. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA." [GOC:dph, GOC:hjd, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010730
name: negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of hydrogen peroxide biosynthesis. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA." [GOC:dph, GOC:hjd, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010731
name: protein glutathionylation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The protein modification process in which a glutathione molecule is added to a protein amino acid through a disulfide linkage." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:rl, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010732
name: regulation of protein glutathionylation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of protein glutathionylation. Protein glutathionylation is the protein modification process in which a glutathione molecule is added to a protein amino acid through a disulfide linkage." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:rl, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010733
name: positive regulation of protein glutathionylation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein glutathionylation. Protein glutathionylation is the protein modification process in which a glutathione molecule is added to a protein amino acid through a disulfide linkage." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:rl, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010734
name: negative regulation of protein glutathionylation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein glutathionylation. Protein glutathionylation is the protein modification process in which a glutathione molecule is added to a protein amino acid through a disulfide linkage." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:rl, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010735
name: positive regulation of transcription via serum response element binding
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the specifically regulated synthesis of RNA from DNA encoding a specific set of genes as a result of a transcription factor interacting with a serum response element (SRE). A serum response element is a short sequence with dyad symmetry found in the promoters of some of the cellular immediate-early genes, regulated by serum." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:rl, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010736
name: serum response element binding
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the serum response element (SRE), a short sequence with dyad symmetry found in the promoters of some of the cellular immediate-early genes, regulated by serum." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:rl, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010737
name: protein kinase A signaling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase A, which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010738
name: regulation of protein kinase A signaling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of protein kinase A signaling. PKA signaling is the series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase A, which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010739
name: positive regulation of protein kinase A signaling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein kinase A signaling. PKA signaling is the series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase A, which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010742
name: macrophage derived foam cell differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which a monocyte acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions." [GOC:add, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010743
name: regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation. Macrophage derived foam cell differentiation is the process in which a macrophage acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions." [GOC:add, GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010744
name: positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation. Macrophage derived foam cell differentiation is the process in which a macrophage acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions." [GOC:add, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010745
name: negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation. Macrophage derived foam cell differentiation is the process in which a macrophage acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions." [GOC:add, GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010746
name: regulation of plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport. Plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport is the directed movement of long-chain fatty acids across the plasma membrane. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22." [CHEBI:15904, GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010747
name: positive regulation of plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport. Plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport is the directed movement of long-chain fatty acids across the plasma membrane. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with a chain length between C13 and C22." [CHEBI:15904, GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010748
name: negative regulation of plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport. Plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport is the directed movement of long-chain fatty acids across the plasma membrane." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010749
name: regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction. Nitric oxide mediated signal transduction is a series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of nitric oxide (NO)." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010750
name: positive regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction. Nitric oxide mediated signal transduction is a series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of nitric oxide (NO)." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010751
name: negative regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction. Nitric oxide mediated signal transduction is a series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of nitric oxide (NO)." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010752
name: regulation of cGMP-mediated signaling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of cGMP-mediated signaling. cGMP-mediated signaling is a series of molecular signals in which a cell uses cyclic GMP to convert an extracellular signal into a response." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010753
name: positive regulation of cGMP-mediated signaling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of cGMP-mediated signaling. cGMP-mediated signaling is a series of molecular signals in which a cell uses cyclic GMP to convert an extracellular signal into a response." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010754
name: negative regulation of cGMP-mediated signaling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of cGMP-mediated signaling. cGMP-mediated signaling is a series of molecular signals in which a cell uses cyclic GMP to convert an extracellular signal into a response." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010755
name: regulation of plasminogen activation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of plasminogen activation. Plasminogen activation is the process in which plasminogen is processed to plasmin." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010756
name: positive regulation of plasminogen activation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of plasminogen activation. Plasminogen activation is the process in which plasminogen is processed to plasmin." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010757
name: negative regulation of plasminogen activation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of plasminogen activation. Plasminogen activation is the process in which plasminogen is processed to plasmin." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010758
name: regulation of macrophage chemotaxis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage chemotaxis. Macrophage chemotaxis is the movement of a macrophage in response to an external stimulus." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010759
name: positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage chemotaxis. Macrophage chemotaxis is the movement of a macrophage in response to an external stimulus." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010760
name: negative regulation of macrophage chemotaxis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage chemotaxis. Macrophage chemotaxis is the movement of a macrophage in response to an external stimulus." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010761
name: fibroblast migration
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a fibroblast pseudopodium. A fibroblast is a connective tissue cell which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010762
name: regulation of fibroblast migration
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of fibroblast cell migration. Fibroblast cell migration is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010763
name: positive regulation of fibroblast migration
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of fibroblast cell migration. Fibroblast cell migration is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010764
name: negative regulation of fibroblast migration
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of fibroblast cell migration. Fibroblast cell migration is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010765
name: positive regulation of sodium ion transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010766
name: negative regulation of sodium ion transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010767
name: regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to UV-induced DNA damage
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as a result of a UV damage stimulus." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010768
namespace: biological_process
name:
  negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to UV-induced DNA damage

def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as a result of a UV damage stimulus." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010769
name: regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell morphogenesis contributing to cell differentiation. Cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation is the change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010770
name: positive regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell morphogenesis contributing to cell differentiation. Cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation is the change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010771
name: negative regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell morphogenesis contributing to cell differentiation. Cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation is the change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010772
name: meiotic DNA recombinase assembly involved in reciprocal meiotic recombination
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of strand exchange proteins (recombinases) to form higher order oligomers on single-stranded DNA resulting in meiotic recombination. Meiotic recombination is the cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a double Holliday junction intermediate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010773
name: meiotic DNA recombinase assembly involved in meiotic gene conversion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of strand exchange proteins (recombinases) to form higher order oligomers on single-stranded DNA resulting in meiotic gene conversion. Meiotic gene conversion is the cell cycle process in which genetic information is transferred from one helix to another." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010774
name: meiotic strand invasion involved in reciprocal meiotic recombination
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a double Holliday junction intermediate resulting in meiotic recombination. Meiotic recombination is the cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a double Holliday junction intermediate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010775
name: meiotic strand invasion involved in meiotic gene conversion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a double Holliday junction intermediate resulting in meiotic recombination." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010776
name: meiotic mismatch repair involved in meiotic gene conversion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A system for the identification and correction of base-base mismatches, small insertion-deletion loops, and regions of heterology that are present in duplex DNA formed with strands from two recombining molecules resulting in meiotic gene conversion. Meiotic gene conversion is the cell cycle process in which genetic information is transferred from one helix to another." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010777
name: meiotic mismatch repair involved in reciprocal meiotic recombination
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A system for the identification and correction of base-base mismatches, small insertion-deletion loops, and regions of heterology that are present in duplex DNA formed with strands from two recombining molecules resulting in meiotic recombination. Meiotic recombination is the cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a double Holliday junction intermediate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010778
name: meiotic DNA repair synthesis involved in reciprocal meiotic recombination
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The synthesis of DNA proceeding from the broken 3' single-strand DNA end that uses the homologous intact duplex as the template resulting in meiotic recombination. Meiotic recombination is the cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a double Holliday junction intermediate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010779
name: meiotic DNA repair synthesis involved in meiotic gene conversion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The synthesis of DNA proceeding from the broken 3' single-strand DNA end that uses the homologous intact duplex as the template resulting in meiotic gene conversion. Meiotic gene conversion is the cell cycle process in which genetic information is transferred from one helix to another." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010780
name: meiotic DNA double-strand break formation involved in reciprocal meiotic recombination
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The cell cycle process in which double-strand breaks are generated at defined hotspots throughout the genome during meiosis I resulting in meiotic recombination. Meiotic recombination is the cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a double Holliday junction intermediate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010781
name: meiotic DNA double-strand break formation involved in meiotic gene conversion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The cell cycle process in which double-strand breaks are generated at defined hotspots throughout the genome during meiosis I resulting in meiotic gene conversion. Meiotic gene conversion is the cell cycle process in which genetic information is transferred from one helix to another." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010782
name: proboscis morphogenesis, labial disc-derived
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the anatomical structures of the proboscis that are derived from the labial disc are generated and organized." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010783
name: proboscis morphogenesis, eye-antennal disc-derived
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the anatomical structures of the proboscis that are derived from the eye-antennal disc are generated and organized." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010784
name: proboscis morphogenesis, clypeo-labral disc-derived
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the anatomical structures of the proboscis that are derived from the clypeo-labral disc are generated and organized." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010785
name: clathrin coating of Golgi vesicle, plasma membrane to endosome targeting
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The addition of clathrin and adaptor proteins to Golgi membranes during the formation of transport vesicles that will move from the plasma membrane to the endosome, forming a vesicle coat." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010786
name: clathrin coating of Golgi vesicle, trans-Golgi to endosome targeting
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The addition of clathrin and adaptor proteins to Golgi membranes during the formation of transport vesicles that will move from the trans-Golgi to the endosome, forming a vesicle coat." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010787
name: COPI coating of Golgi vesicle, inter-Golgi cisterna
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The addition of COPI proteins and adaptor proteins to Golgi membranes during the formation of inter-Golgi cisterna transport vesicles, forming a vesicle coat." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010788
name: COPI coating of Golgi vesicle, cis-Golgi to rough ER
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The addition of COPI proteins and adaptor proteins to Golgi membranes during the formation of cis-Golgi to rough ER transport vesicles, forming a vesicle coat." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010789
name: meiotic sister chromatid cohesion involved in meiosis I
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are joined along the entire length of the chromosome during meiosis I." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010790
name: meiotic sister chromatid cohesion involved in meiosis II
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are joined along the entire length of the chromosome during meiosis II." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010791
name: DNA double-strand break processing involved in repair via synthesis-dependent strand annealing
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The 5' to 3' exonucleolytic resection of the DNA at the site of the break to form a 3' single-strand DNA overhang that results in the repair of a double strand break via synthesis-dependent strand annealing." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010792
name: DNA double-strand break processing involved in repair via single-strand annealing
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The 5' to 3' exonucleolytic resection of the DNA at the site of the break to form a 3' single-strand DNA overhang that results in the repair of a double strand break via single-strand annealing." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010793
name: regulation of mRNA export from nucleus
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010794
name: regulation of dolichol biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dolichol biosynthesis. Dolichol biosynthesis consists of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dolichols, any 2,3-dihydropolyprenol derived from four or more linked isoprene units." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010795
name: regulation of ubiquinone biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquinone biosynthesis. Ubiquinone biosynthesis consists of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ubiquinone, a lipid-soluble electron-transporting coenzyme." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010796
name: regulation of multivesicular body size
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the volume of a multivesicular body, a type of late endosome in which regions of the limiting endosomal membrane invaginate to form internal vesicles." [GOC:dph, GOC:jp, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010797
name: regulation of multivesicular body size involved in endosome transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the volume of a multivesicular body as part of the directed movement of substances from endosomes to lysosomes or vacuoles." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010798
name: regulation of multivesicular body size involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the volume of a multivesicular body as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide covalently tagged with ubiquitin." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010799
name: regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation. Peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation is the phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010800
name: positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation. Peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation is the phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010801
name: negative regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation. Peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation is the phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010803
name: regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of the tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway. The tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of tumor necrosis factor binding to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010804
name: negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate or extent of the tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway. The tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of tumor necrosis factor binding to a cell surface receptor." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010805
name: regulation of lysine import
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of lysine import. Lysine import is the directed movement of lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid, into a cell or organelle." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010806
name: negative regulation of lysine import
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of lysine import. Lysine import is the directed movement of lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid, into a cell or organelle." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010807
name: regulation of synaptic vesicle priming
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle priming. Synaptic vesicle priming is the formation of SNARE-containing complexes, bringing synaptic vesicle membrane and plasma membranes into close proximity and thereby facilitating membrane fusion." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:tb, PMID:15489511]


id: GO:0010808
name: positive regulation of synaptic vesicle priming
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle priming. Synaptic vesicle priming is the formation of SNARE-containing complexes, bringing synaptic vesicle membrane and plasma membranes into close proximity and thereby facilitating membrane fusion." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:tb, PMID:15489511]


id: GO:0010809
name: negative regulation of synaptic vesicle priming
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle priming. Synaptic vesicle priming is the formation of SNARE-containing complexes, bringing synaptic vesicle membrane and plasma membranes into close proximity and thereby facilitating membrane fusion." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmvs, GOC:tb, PMID:15489511]


id: GO:0010810
name: regulation of cell-substrate adhesion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell-substrate adhesion. Cell-substrate adhesion is the attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules." [GOC:dph, GOC:pf, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010811
name: positive regulation of cell-substrate adhesion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell-substrate adhesion. Cell-substrate adhesion is the attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules." [GOC:dph, GOC:pf, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010812
name: negative regulation of cell-substrate adhesion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell-substrate adhesion. Cell-substrate adhesion is the attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules." [GOC:dph, GOC:pf, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010813
name: neuropeptide catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of neuropeptides. Neuropeptides are signaling peptides that travel across a synaptic junction." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010814
name: substance P catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the neuropeptide substance P." [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]


id: GO:0010815
name: bradykinin catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the peptide bradykinin." [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]


id: GO:0010816
name: calcitonin catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the peptide calcitonin." [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]


id: GO:0010817
name: regulation of hormone levels
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the levels of hormone within an organism or a tissue. A hormone is any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010818
name: T cell chemotaxis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The directed movement of a T cell in response to an external stimulus. A T cell is a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010819
name: regulation of T cell chemotaxis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of T cell chemotaxis. T cell chemotaxis is the directed movement of a T cell in response to an external stimulus." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010820
name: positive regulation of T cell chemotaxis
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of T cell chemotaxis. T cell chemotaxis is the directed movement of a T cell in response to an external stimulus." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010821
name: regulation of mitochondrion organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010822
name: positive regulation of mitochondrion organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010823
name: negative regulation of mitochondrion organization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010824
name: regulation of centrosome duplication
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of centrosome duplication. Centrosome duplication is the replication of a centrosome, a structure comprised of a pair of centrioles and peri-centriolar material from which a microtubule spindle apparatus is organized." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010825
name: positive regulation of centrosome duplication
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of centrosome duplication. Centrosome duplication is the replication of a centrosome, a structure comprised of a pair of centrioles and peri-centriolar material from which a microtubule spindle apparatus is organized." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010826
name: negative regulation of centrosome duplication
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of centrosome duplication. Centrosome duplication is the replication of a centrosome, a structure comprised of a pair of centrioles and peri-centriolar material from which a microtubule spindle apparatus is organized." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010827
name: regulation of glucose transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucose transport. Glucose transport is the directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010828
name: positive regulation of glucose transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose transport. Glucose transport is the directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010829
name: negative regulation of glucose transport
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose transport. Glucose transport is the directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010830
name: regulation of myotube differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myotube differentiation. Myotube differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010831
name: positive regulation of myotube differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of myotube differentiation. Myotube differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010832
name: negative regulation of myotube differentiation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of myotube differentiation. Myotube differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010833
name: telomere maintenance via telomere lengthening
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length and structure by affecting and monitoring the activity of telomeric proteins and lengthening the telomeric DNA." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010834
name: obsolete telomere maintenance via telomere shortening
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Any process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length and structure by affecting and monitoring the activity of telomeric proteins and shortening the telomeric DNA." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010835
name: regulation of protein ADP-ribosylation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein ADP-ribosylation. Protein ADP-ribosylation is the transfer, from NAD, of ADP-ribose to protein amino acids." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010836
name: negative regulation of protein ADP-ribosylation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of protein ADP-ribosylation. Protein ADP-ribosylation is the transfer, from NAD, of ADP-ribose to protein amino acids." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010837
name: regulation of keratinocyte proliferation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of keratinocyte proliferation. Keratinocyte proliferation is the multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010838
name: positive regulation of keratinocyte proliferation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of keratinocyte proliferation. Keratinocyte proliferation is the multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010839
name: negative regulation of keratinocyte proliferation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of keratinocyte proliferation. Keratinocyte proliferation is the multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010840
name: regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, wakefulness
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the wakeful phase of the circadian sleep/wake cycle. The wakeful phase is the part of the circadian sleep/wake cycle where the organism is not asleep." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010841
name: positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, wakefulness
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, or extent of the wakeful phase of the circadian sleep/wake cycle. The wakeful phase is the part of the circadian sleep/wake cycle where the organism is not asleep." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010842
name: retina layer formation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process in which the vertebrate retina is organized into three laminae: the outer nuclear layer (ONL), which contains photoreceptor nuclei; the inner nuclear layer (INL), which contains amacrine, bipolar and horizontal cells; and the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) layer. Between the inner and outer nuclear layers, the outer plexiform layer (OPL) contains connections between the photoreceptors and bipolar and horizontal cells. The inner plexiform layer (IPL) is positioned between the INL and the ganglion cell layer and contains the dendrites of RGCs and processes of bipolar and amacrine cells. Spanning all layers of the retina are the radially oriented Mueller glia." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:1270266]


id: GO:0010843
name: obsolete promoter binding
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the regulatory region composed of the transcription start site and binding sites for transcription factor complexes of the basal transcription machinery." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, SO:0000167]


id: GO:0010844
name: recombination hotspot binding
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a region in a genome which promotes recombination." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010845
name: positive regulation of reciprocal meiotic recombination
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of recombination during meiosis. Reciprocal meiotic recombination is the cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a double Holliday junction intermediate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010846
name: activation of reciprocal meiotic recombination
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that starts the inactive process of reciprocal meiotic recombination. Reciprocal meiotic recombination is the cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a double Holliday junction intermediate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010847
name: regulation of chromatin assembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process the modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin assembly. Chromatin assembly is the assembly of DNA, histone proteins, and other associated proteins into chromatin structure, beginning with the formation of the basic unit, the nucleosome, followed by organization of the nucleosomes into higher order structures, ultimately giving rise to a complex organization of specific domains within the nucleus." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010848
name: regulation of chromatin disassembly
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin disassembly. Chromatin disassembly is the controlled breakdown of chromatin from a higher order structure into its simpler subcomponents, DNA, histones, and other proteins." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010849
name: regulation of proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate of ATP hydrolysis by an ATPase. Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) = ADP + phosphate + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010850
name: regulation of blood pressure by chemoreceptor signaling pathway
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "A series of reactions within the cell that occur as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound interacting with a chemoreceptor resulting in a modulation of the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system. Chemoreceptors respond to oxygen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010854
name: adenylate cyclase regulator activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Modulates the activity of the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction: ATP = 3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010855
name: adenylate cyclase inhibitor activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Decreases the activity of the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction: ATP = 3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010856
name: adenylate cyclase activator activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Increases the activity of the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction: ATP = 3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010857
name: calcium-dependent protein kinase activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Catalysis of the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP. This reaction requires the presence of calcium." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010858
name: calcium-dependent protein kinase regulator activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Modulates the activity of a calcium-dependent protein kinase, an enzyme which phosphorylates a protein in a calcium-dependent manner." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010859
name: calcium-dependent cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a calcium-dependent cysteine-type endopeptidase, any enzyme that hydrolyzes peptide bonds in polypeptides by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile in a calcium-dependent manner." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010860
name: obsolete proteasome regulator activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "OBSOLETE. Modulates the activity of the proteasome complex. The proteasome complex performs regulated ubiquitin-dependent cytosolic and nuclear proteolysis." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010861
name: thyroid hormone receptor activator activity
namespace: molecular_function
def:
  "A receptor activator activity that binds to, thyroid hormone receptor in a ligand-dependent manner and enhances ligand-induced transcriptional activity of the receptor." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, PMID:9346901]


id: GO:0010862
name: positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation. Pathway-restricted SMAD proteins and common-partner SMAD proteins are involved in the transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathways." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010864
name: positive regulation of protein histidine kinase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein histidine kinase activity." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010865
name: stipule development
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stipule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A stipule is one of (usually) a pair of appendages at the bases of leaves in many broad-leaved angiosperms." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010866
name: regulation of triglyceride biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of triglyceride biosynthesis. Triglyceride biosynthesis is the collection of chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of triglyceride, any triester of glycerol." [GOC:BHF, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010867
name: positive regulation of triglyceride biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of triglyceride biosynthesis. Triglyceride biosynthesis is the collection of chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of triglyceride, any triester of glycerol." [GOC:BHF, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010868
name: negative regulation of triglyceride biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of triglyceride biosynthesis. Triglyceride biosynthesis is the collection of chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of triglyceride, any triester of glycerol." [GOC:BHF, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010869
name: regulation of receptor biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of receptor biosynthesis. Receptor biosynthesis is the collection of chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:BHF, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010870
name: positive regulation of receptor biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency or rate of receptor biosynthesis. Receptor biosynthesis is the collection of chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:BHF, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010871
name: negative regulation of receptor biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency or rate of receptor biosynthesis. Receptor biosynthesis is the collection of chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function." [GOC:BHF, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010872
name: regulation of cholesterol esterification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cholesterol esterification. Cholesterol esterification is the lipid modification process in which a sterol ester is formed by the combination of a carboxylic acid (often a fatty acid) and cholesterol. In the blood this process is associated with the conversion of free cholesterol into cholesteryl ester, which is then sequestered into the core of a lipoprotein particle." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010873
name: positive regulation of cholesterol esterification
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cholesterol esterification. Cholesterol esterification is the lipid modification process in which a sterol ester is formed by the combination of a carboxylic acid (often a fatty acid) and cholesterol. In the blood this process is associated with the conversion of free cholesterol into cholesteryl ester, which is then sequestered into the core of a lipoprotein particle." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010874
name: regulation of cholesterol efflux
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cholesterol efflux. Cholesterol efflux is the directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, out of a cell or organelle." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010875
name: positive regulation of cholesterol efflux
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cholesterol efflux. Cholesterol efflux is the directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, out of a cell or organelle." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010876
name: lipid localization
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process in which a lipid is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010877
name: lipid transport involved in lipid storage
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The directed movement of lipids into cells that is part of their accumulation and maintenance." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010878
name: cholesterol storage
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The accumulation and maintenance in cells or tissues of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010879
name: cholesterol transport involved in cholesterol storage
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "The directed movement of cholesterol into cells that is part of their accumulation and maintenance." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010880
name: regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol by sarcoplasmic reticulum
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol by the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the process in which the release of sequestered calcium ion by sarcoplasmic reticulum into cytosol occurs via calcium release channels." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010881
name: regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction via the regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion by sarcoplasmic reticulum into cytosol. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is the endoplasmic reticulum of striated muscle, specialised for the sequestration of calcium ions that are released upon receipt of a signal relayed by the T tubules from the neuromuscular junction." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010882
name: regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signaling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction by changing the calcium ion signals that trigger contraction." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010883
name: regulation of lipid storage
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of lipid storage. Lipid storage is the accumulation and maintenance in cells or tissues of lipids, compounds soluble in organic solvents but insoluble or sparingly soluble in aqueous solvents. Lipid reserves can be accumulated during early developmental stages for mobilization and utilization at later stages of development." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010884
name: positive regulation of lipid storage
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of lipid storage. Lipid storage is the accumulation and maintenance in cells or tissues of lipids, compounds soluble in organic solvents but insoluble or sparingly soluble in aqueous solvents. Lipid reserves can be accumulated during early developmental stages for mobilization and utilization at later stages of development." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010885
name: regulation of cholesterol storage
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate or extent of cholesterol storage. Cholesterol storage is the accumulation and maintenance in cells or tissues of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010886
name: positive regulation of cholesterol storage
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate or extent of cholesterol storage. Cholesterol storage is the accumulation and maintenance in cells or tissues of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010887
name: negative regulation of cholesterol storage
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate or extent of cholesterol storage. Cholesterol storage is the accumulation and maintenance in cells or tissues of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010889
name: regulation of sequestering of triglyceride
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of sequestering of triglyceride. Triglyceride sequestration is the process of binding or confining any triester of glycerol such that it is separated from other components of a biological system." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010890
name: positive regulation of sequestering of triglyceride
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of sequestering of triglyceride. Triglyceride sequestration is the process of binding or confining any triester of glycerol such that it is separated from other components of a biological system." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010892
name: positive regulation of mitochondrial translation in response to stress
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial translation as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress." [GOC:dph, GOC:jp, GOC:tb, PMID:8830768]


id: GO:0010893
name: positive regulation of steroid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010894
name: negative regulation of steroid biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus." [GOC:BHF, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010895
name: negative regulation of ergosterol biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ergosterol." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010896
name: regulation of triglyceride catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of triglyceride." [GOC:rn, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010897
name: negative regulation of triglyceride catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of triglyceride." [GOC:rn, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010898
name: positive regulation of triglyceride catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of triglyceride." [GOC:rn, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010899
name: regulation of phosphatidylcholine catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of phosphatidylcholine catabolism. Phosphatidylcholine catabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline." [GOC:BHF, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010900
name: negative regulation of phosphatidylcholine catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of phosphatidylcholine catabolism. Phosphatidylcholine catabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline." [GOC:BHF, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010901
name: regulation of very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling. Very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling is the acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within a very-low-density lipoprotein particle, including the hydrolysis of triglyceride by hepatic lipase or lipoprotein lipase and the subsequent loss of free fatty acid." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010902
name: positive regulation of very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling. Very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling is the acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within a very-low-density lipoprotein particle, including the hydrolysis of triglyceride by hepatic lipase or lipoprotein lipase and the subsequent loss of free fatty acid." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010903
name: negative regulation of very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling. Very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling is the acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within a very-low-density lipoprotein particle, including the hydrolysis of triglyceride by hepatic lipase or lipoprotein lipase and the subsequent loss of free fatty acid." [GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010904
name: regulation of UDP-glucose catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of UDP-glucose catabolism. UDP-glucose catabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of UDP-glucose, uridinediphosphoglucose, a substance composed of glucose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate." [GOC:BHF, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010905
name: negative regulation of UDP-glucose catabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of UDP-glucose catabolism. UDP-glucose catabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of UDP-glucose, uridinediphosphoglucose, a substance composed of glucose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate." [GOC:BHF, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010906
name: regulation of glucose metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of glucose metabolism. Glucose metabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose." [GOC:BHF, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010907
name: positive regulation of glucose metabolic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of glucose metabolism. Glucose metabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose." [GOC:BHF, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010908
name: regulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthesis. Heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the heparan sulfate proteoglycan, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat unit consisting of alternating alpha-(1->4)-linked hexuronic acid and glucosamine residues." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010909
name: positive regulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthesis. Heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the heparan sulfate proteoglycan, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat unit consisting of alternating alpha-(1->4)-linked hexuronic acid and glucosamine residues." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010910
namespace: biological_process
name:
  positive regulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthesis by positive regulation of epimerase activity

def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthesis by an increase in epimerase activity. This epimerase activity catalyzes the reaction that converts D-glucuronate into its diastereoisomer in heparan sulfate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010911
name: regulation of isomerase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the activity of an isomerase. An isomerase catalyzes the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010912
name: positive regulation of isomerase activity
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the activity of an isomerase. An isomerase catalyzes the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010913
name: regulation of sterigmatocystin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of sterigmatocystin biosynthesis. Sterigmatocystin biosynthetic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sterigmatocystin, a carcinogenic mycotoxin produced in high yields by strains of the common molds." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010914
name: positive regulation of sterigmatocystin biosynthetic process
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of sterigmatocystin biosynthesis. Sterigmatocystin biosynthetic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sterigmatocystin, a carcinogenic mycotoxin produced in high yields by strains of the common molds." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


id: GO:0010915
name: regulation of very-low-density lipoprotein particle clearance
namespace: biological_process
def:
  "Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of very-low-density lipoprotein particle clearance. Very-low-density lipoprotein particle clearance is the process in which a very-low-density lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]


